1
00:00:00,301 --> 00:00:01,938
放下屠刀立地成佛

2
00:00:02,301 --> 00:00:03,398
放的不是刀

3
00:00:03,500 --> 00:00:04,357
是这个

4
00:00:04,581 --> 00:00:07,198
我先问你一个让很多人不舒服的问题

5
00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:10,518
假设今天法庭宣判了一个连环杀手

6
00:00:10,701 --> 00:00:12,378
判决宣读完毕的那一刻

7
00:00:12,660 --> 00:00:13,497
他站起来说

8
00:00:13,861 --> 00:00:14,939
我信佛了

9
00:00:14,941 --> 00:00:16,057
我放下屠刀了

10
00:00:16,181 --> 00:00:17,518
我立地成佛了

11
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你会怎么想

12
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我猜你大概会觉得

13
00:00:21,493 --> 00:00:23,791
这是世界上最没诚意的表演

14
00:00:24,173 --> 00:00:25,413
你杀了那么多人

15
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受害者的家属还在哭

16
00:00:27,294 --> 00:00:28,850
你就说一句放下屠刀

17
00:00:29,614 --> 00:00:30,771
那些死去的人呢

18
00:00:31,213 --> 00:00:32,091
那些业力呢

19
00:00:32,693 --> 00:00:34,891
难道说一句话就一笔勾销了

20
00:00:36,267 --> 00:00:38,364
这种愤怒完全可以理解

21
00:00:38,627 --> 00:00:41,026
放在世俗的道德和法律逻辑里

22
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它百分之百成立

23
00:00:42,947 --> 00:00:44,467
但我今天想做的

24
00:00:44,468 --> 00:00:47,427
是把 放下屠刀立地成佛 这句话

25
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和它背后的故事

26
00:00:48,867 --> 00:00:50,525
从头到尾扒一遍

27
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扒完了你会发现

28
00:00:52,627 --> 00:00:53,907
这句话里藏的

29
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根本不是坏人可以不负责任的意思

30
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而是一个关于人类意识如何发生根本转变的问题

31
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一个佛学思考了两千五百年的问题

32
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哈喽

33
00:01:05,292 --> 00:01:05,770
大家好

34
00:01:06,092 --> 00:01:07,110
我是王利杰

35
00:01:07,452 --> 00:01:08,411
今天这一期

36
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我们顺着 放下屠刀立地成佛 这句话

37
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把三件事讲清楚

38
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第一

39
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这句话从哪里来

40
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第二

41
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业力到底去了哪里

42
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第三

43
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也是今天最核心的

44
00:01:22,212 --> 00:01:22,970
那个 放下

45
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到底放的是什么

46
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扒完这三层

47
00:01:26,452 --> 00:01:28,252
你会对 成佛 这件事

48
00:01:28,253 --> 00:01:30,149
有一个完全不同的理解

49
00:01:30,858 --> 00:01:32,835
先说这句话从哪里来

50
00:01:33,177 --> 00:01:36,674
放下屠刀立地成佛 作为一个固定成语

51
00:01:36,778 --> 00:01:39,835
大概形成于宋明时期的禅宗语境里

52
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但它背后的根

53
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要往前追溯很多年

54
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最常被引用的故事来源

55
00:01:45,657 --> 00:01:48,234
是一部叫 大般涅槃经 的经典

56
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大约在南北朝时期由北凉高僧昙无谶译成汉文

57
00:01:53,457 --> 00:01:57,772
是全本佛经里对佛性论阐述最完整的经典之一

58
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这部经里记载了一个名叫广额的人

59
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原文的描述是

60
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波罗柰国有屠儿

61
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名曰广额

62
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于日日中

63
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杀无量羊

64
00:02:08,476 --> 00:02:09,232
白话就是

65
00:02:09,515 --> 00:02:10,995
他是个职业屠夫

66
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每天杀无数羊

67
00:02:12,716 --> 00:02:13,472
然后有一天

68
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他遇见了舍利弗

69
00:02:15,276 --> 00:02:16,393
当下受了八戒

70
00:02:16,675 --> 00:02:18,092
守戒一日夜

71
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经书说

72
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以这个因缘

73
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他命终之后转生为北方天王毗沙门的儿子

74
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注意

75
00:02:25,476 --> 00:02:29,293
原经文里广额的结局是命终之后升天

76
00:02:29,436 --> 00:02:31,531
不是立地成佛

77
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那 放下屠刀立地成佛 这个说法

78
00:02:34,433 --> 00:02:35,550
是什么时候出现的

79
00:02:35,993 --> 00:02:39,050
是宋代禅宗典籍 五灯会元 里

80
00:02:39,153 --> 00:02:41,491
记下了这个故事的另一个版本

81
00:02:42,033 --> 00:02:42,630
原文是

82
00:02:43,354 --> 00:02:45,931
广额正是个杀人不眨眼底汉

83
00:02:46,074 --> 00:02:46,910
飏下屠刀

84
00:02:47,153 --> 00:02:48,290
立地成佛

85
00:02:48,834 --> 00:02:52,450
禅宗把死后升天改成了立地成佛

86
00:02:52,634 --> 00:02:55,130
把一个关于业力回报的故事

87
00:02:55,193 --> 00:02:58,159
变成了一个关于当下转变的故事

88
00:02:58,262 --> 00:02:59,339
这个改写本身

89
00:02:59,702 --> 00:03:01,119
就很值得琢磨

90
00:03:01,463 --> 00:03:02,739
禅宗为什么这么改

91
00:03:03,183 --> 00:03:05,600
因为禅宗要传递的核心是

92
00:03:05,743 --> 00:03:07,399
觉悟不在死后

93
00:03:07,422 --> 00:03:08,100
不在来生

94
00:03:08,463 --> 00:03:09,640
就在这一刻

95
00:03:09,822 --> 00:03:12,080
所以 涅槃经 里广额的故事

96
00:03:12,102 --> 00:03:16,119
被禅宗重新打磨成了一个更锐利的工具

97
00:03:16,262 --> 00:03:18,040
直指现在就可以

98
00:03:18,262 --> 00:03:20,941
这个故事之所以流传一千多年

99
00:03:20,943 --> 00:03:23,040
不是因为版本最准确

100
00:03:23,142 --> 00:03:26,980
而是因为它触碰到了整个佛学里最核心

101
00:03:27,302 --> 00:03:30,107
也最具爆炸性的一个命题

102
00:03:30,729 --> 00:03:34,767
涅槃经 提出了一个让当时所有佛学家震惊的说法

103
00:03:35,250 --> 00:03:36,427
一切众生

104
00:03:36,489 --> 00:03:37,366
悉有佛性

105
00:03:37,729 --> 00:03:39,626
一阐提也不例外

106
00:03:39,850 --> 00:03:40,487
一阐提

107
00:03:40,810 --> 00:03:42,746
在当时的佛学观念里

108
00:03:42,769 --> 00:03:47,227
指的是那些断绝了善根 完全没有成佛可能性的人

109
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是佛学体系里的绝望案例

110
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相当于程序里一个打了死锁的进程

111
00:03:52,570 --> 00:03:54,026
永远无法推进

112
00:03:54,410 --> 00:03:57,288
广额这种一生以杀生为业的人

113
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在传统观念里

114
00:03:58,609 --> 00:04:00,906
就是标准的一阐提候选人

115
00:04:01,169 --> 00:04:02,566
但 涅槃经 的说法是

116
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就是这种人

117
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也有佛性

118
00:04:05,370 --> 00:04:08,346
这话在当时的佛教界是一颗炸弹

119
00:04:09,090 --> 00:04:10,047
因为它意味着

120
00:04:10,329 --> 00:04:11,529
不管你做过什么

121
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不管你造了多少恶业

122
00:04:13,250 --> 00:04:14,586
你的意识深处

123
00:04:14,609 --> 00:04:15,626
有某个东西

124
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从来没有被任何业行真正损毁过

125
00:04:19,409 --> 00:04:21,986
这里有一个历史上真实发生的故事

126
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可以帮你感受到这颗炸弹有多大

127
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东晋南北朝时期

128
00:04:26,947 --> 00:04:29,043
有一位叫竺道生的高僧

129
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他在完整的 涅槃经 传入中国之前

130
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就凭着自己的推断

131
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大胆提出一个观点

132
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一阐提

133
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也可以成佛

134
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这个说法在当时几乎被所有人认为是异端邪说

135
00:04:42,226 --> 00:04:43,064
元嘉年间

136
00:04:43,346 --> 00:04:44,985
他被驱逐出了建康

137
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也就是今天的南京

138
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同时代的僧人几乎全体反对他

139
00:04:49,627 --> 00:04:52,084
他只能独自前往苏州虎丘

140
00:04:52,106 --> 00:04:54,043
在那里对着石头讲法

141
00:04:54,146 --> 00:04:55,343
据说他对石头说

142
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如我所说

143
00:04:56,827 --> 00:04:57,743
契佛心否

144
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讲到 一切众生悉有佛性 的时候

145
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石头竟然点了头

146
00:05:03,786 --> 00:05:07,723
这就是 生公说法顽石点头 这个成语的来历

147
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结果没过多久

148
00:05:09,604 --> 00:05:12,700
昙无谶译的完整版 涅槃经 传到了建康

149
00:05:12,844 --> 00:05:13,921
里面明确写着

150
00:05:14,284 --> 00:05:16,061
一阐提悉有佛性

151
00:05:16,803 --> 00:05:18,940
道生的说法被全面验证

152
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他在几乎被整个佛教圈孤立的情况下

153
00:05:21,964 --> 00:05:23,380
靠内在的洞察

154
00:05:23,404 --> 00:05:26,020
提前看见了一部经文的核心结论

155
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这个故事让我们看见

156
00:05:28,123 --> 00:05:30,282
涅槃经 说一阐提也有佛性

157
00:05:30,284 --> 00:05:32,580
有多逆反当时的主流认知

158
00:05:32,724 --> 00:05:34,700
它不是一个让人舒服的说法

159
00:05:34,724 --> 00:05:37,580
它是一个对整个佛学体系的彻底重置

160
00:05:38,467 --> 00:05:41,164
那个从来没有被业行损毁过的东西

161
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就是佛性

162
00:05:42,467 --> 00:05:44,883
也就是经论里说的如来藏

163
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要理解这件事

164
00:05:46,547 --> 00:05:49,164
就必须把 佛性 这个词说清楚

165
00:05:49,347 --> 00:05:52,124
我们之前那一期专门讲过如来藏

166
00:05:52,266 --> 00:05:54,963
今天只用一句话做个背景交代

167
00:05:55,227 --> 00:05:58,763
如来藏不是你心里住着一个叫做佛的精灵

168
00:05:58,787 --> 00:06:00,244
在等你解救它

169
00:06:00,467 --> 00:06:04,924
它是你的心在所有遮蔽被移除之后的本然状态

170
00:06:05,066 --> 00:06:07,763
就像一面镜子蒙了厚厚一层灰

171
00:06:07,907 --> 00:06:09,626
镜子照物的那个能力

172
00:06:09,626 --> 00:06:12,083
从来没有因为灰尘而消失

173
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只是被挡住显现不出来了

174
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擦掉灰尘

175
00:06:16,186 --> 00:06:18,244
不是给镜子装了一个新的功能

176
00:06:18,347 --> 00:06:21,068
而是恢复了它本来就有的功能

177
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广额的佛性

178
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在他杀了几十年的过程里

179
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从来没有消失

180
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只是被厚厚的遮蔽压着

181
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出不来

182
00:06:29,530 --> 00:06:30,648
那些遮蔽是什么

183
00:06:31,090 --> 00:06:33,128
唯识学给出了非常精密的答案

184
00:06:33,610 --> 00:06:35,427
是末那识里的我执

185
00:06:35,610 --> 00:06:39,148
是阿赖耶识里一层一层积累下来的种子

186
00:06:39,410 --> 00:06:43,828
是一个以自我为中心的意识回路在不停地自动运转

187
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广额的每一刀

188
00:06:45,691 --> 00:06:47,188
表面上是行为

189
00:06:47,251 --> 00:06:48,890
但驱动那个行为的

190
00:06:48,891 --> 00:06:52,708
是他意识系统里一组根深蒂固的自动化程序

191
00:06:53,330 --> 00:06:55,167
这个程序的底层逻辑大概是

192
00:06:55,571 --> 00:06:59,467
我需要通过这种方式在世界上确认自己的存在

193
00:06:59,610 --> 00:07:02,307
我需要这把刀来界定我是谁

194
00:07:02,650 --> 00:07:04,667
他以为他在主动选择

195
00:07:04,850 --> 00:07:06,388
其实很大程度上

196
00:07:06,410 --> 00:07:08,227
他只是在执行代码

197
00:07:09,149 --> 00:07:10,567
现在来谈业力

198
00:07:10,790 --> 00:07:12,427
很多人对业力的理解

199
00:07:12,749 --> 00:07:14,047
就像一本账本

200
00:07:14,269 --> 00:07:15,586
你做了多少坏事

201
00:07:15,869 --> 00:07:17,526
账本上就记多少

202
00:07:17,670 --> 00:07:19,247
总有一天要还清

203
00:07:19,629 --> 00:07:20,966
那按这个逻辑

204
00:07:21,069 --> 00:07:23,047
广额一辈子杀了那么多

205
00:07:23,309 --> 00:07:24,807
放下屠刀那一刻

206
00:07:24,829 --> 00:07:26,706
账本上的债凭空消失了

207
00:07:27,430 --> 00:07:29,227
那业力岂不是一纸空文

208
00:07:29,910 --> 00:07:31,766
这个困惑完全正当

209
00:07:32,110 --> 00:07:34,406
但它说明我们对业力的理解

210
00:07:34,430 --> 00:07:36,307
还停在表层

211
00:07:36,569 --> 00:07:38,386
唯识学的回答要深一层

212
00:07:38,610 --> 00:07:39,006
它说

213
00:07:39,329 --> 00:07:39,966
业力的根

214
00:07:40,329 --> 00:07:41,706
不在行为本身

215
00:07:41,850 --> 00:07:42,946
在于意业

216
00:07:43,090 --> 00:07:45,867
在驱动行为背后的意识结构里

217
00:07:46,090 --> 00:07:46,846
行为是果

218
00:07:47,209 --> 00:07:48,266
种子是因

219
00:07:48,490 --> 00:07:50,586
种子藏在阿赖耶识里

220
00:07:50,730 --> 00:07:53,927
是什么让种子不停地被触发 不停地增殖

221
00:07:54,449 --> 00:07:57,346
是末那识那个根深蒂固的执着

222
00:07:57,649 --> 00:07:59,346
执着有一个固定的我

223
00:07:59,410 --> 00:08:03,466
执着这个我需要被保护 被确认 被武装

224
00:08:03,930 --> 00:08:04,646
说直白点

225
00:08:05,209 --> 00:08:06,627
广额杀了那么多年

226
00:08:06,649 --> 00:08:08,506
不是因为他天生邪恶

227
00:08:08,530 --> 00:08:12,386
而是因为他的意识系统有一个自动化回路在运转

228
00:08:12,449 --> 00:08:14,906
这个回路一直在驱动他的手

229
00:08:15,530 --> 00:08:16,807
他以为他在选择

230
00:08:17,170 --> 00:08:19,146
他其实只是在服从

231
00:08:20,236 --> 00:08:22,173
那他放下屠刀的那一刻

232
00:08:22,236 --> 00:08:23,193
发生的是什么

233
00:08:23,635 --> 00:08:25,373
是那个必须执刀的我

234
00:08:25,395 --> 00:08:27,133
在那一刻瓦解了

235
00:08:27,275 --> 00:08:28,972
不是物理的刀落了地

236
00:08:29,036 --> 00:08:32,515
而是支撑整套行为模式的那个最底层的信念

237
00:08:32,515 --> 00:08:33,772
不攻自破了

238
00:08:33,955 --> 00:08:36,075
驱动业力轮转的那个引擎

239
00:08:36,075 --> 00:08:38,092
在那一刻失去了燃料

240
00:08:39,010 --> 00:08:39,408
但是

241
00:08:39,730 --> 00:08:40,888
他之前造下的业

242
00:08:41,210 --> 00:08:42,228
没有消失

243
00:08:42,651 --> 00:08:43,908
他之后的人生

244
00:08:43,970 --> 00:08:46,707
还是要在那些因果的余波里继续

245
00:08:47,359 --> 00:08:48,158
顿悟

246
00:08:48,250 --> 00:08:50,988
是他的意识底层发生了根本转变

247
00:08:51,130 --> 00:08:51,807
这是真的

248
00:08:52,571 --> 00:08:53,787
但他欠下的账

249
00:08:53,850 --> 00:08:56,587
不会因为这一个转变就一笔勾销

250
00:08:56,850 --> 00:08:57,988
这也是真的

251
00:08:58,291 --> 00:08:59,047
这两件事

252
00:08:59,331 --> 00:09:01,547
在佛学里是要分开讲的

253
00:09:01,970 --> 00:09:03,047
佛学有一句话

254
00:09:03,451 --> 00:09:04,648
叫 悟后起修

255
00:09:05,291 --> 00:09:06,827
开悟不是终点

256
00:09:06,931 --> 00:09:09,268
是修行真正开始的起点

257
00:09:09,651 --> 00:09:12,567
这句话是 放下屠刀立地成佛

258
00:09:12,970 --> 00:09:15,508
最容易被人忽视的配套说明

259
00:09:16,293 --> 00:09:19,213
现在讲到佛教历史上最大的一场内战

260
00:09:19,214 --> 00:09:22,531
也是 放下屠刀立地成佛 背后的思想地基

261
00:09:22,974 --> 00:09:23,370
顿悟

262
00:09:23,614 --> 00:09:24,330
还是渐修

263
00:09:24,933 --> 00:09:25,330
唐朝

264
00:09:25,734 --> 00:09:27,652
禅宗出了两个重要人物

265
00:09:27,653 --> 00:09:28,490
一个叫神秀

266
00:09:28,814 --> 00:09:29,911
一个叫慧能

267
00:09:30,133 --> 00:09:32,391
他们都是五祖弘忍的学生

268
00:09:32,494 --> 00:09:34,172
但对于成佛这件事

269
00:09:34,173 --> 00:09:35,710
理解截然不同

270
00:09:35,933 --> 00:09:37,470
五祖出了一道题

271
00:09:37,533 --> 00:09:40,750
让弟子们写偈子来表达修行的领悟

272
00:09:41,534 --> 00:09:42,092
神秀写

273
00:09:42,534 --> 00:09:43,491
身是菩提树

274
00:09:43,895 --> 00:09:45,231
心如明镜台

275
00:09:45,454 --> 00:09:46,611
时时勤拂拭

276
00:09:47,015 --> 00:09:48,511
勿使惹尘埃

277
00:09:48,774 --> 00:09:49,332
意思是

278
00:09:49,615 --> 00:09:51,573
你的心就像一面镜子

279
00:09:51,574 --> 00:09:53,151
修行就是不停地擦

280
00:09:53,215 --> 00:09:55,111
把灰尘一点一点清掉

281
00:09:55,135 --> 00:09:55,891
日积月累

282
00:09:56,095 --> 00:09:57,111
慢慢靠近

283
00:09:57,334 --> 00:09:58,871
慧能当时不识字

284
00:09:58,895 --> 00:09:59,731
请人帮他写

285
00:10:00,174 --> 00:10:01,552
菩提本无树

286
00:10:01,574 --> 00:10:02,991
明镜亦非台

287
00:10:03,135 --> 00:10:04,172
本来无一物

288
00:10:04,414 --> 00:10:05,832
何处惹尘埃

289
00:10:06,015 --> 00:10:06,812
他的意思是

290
00:10:07,015 --> 00:10:08,853
你根本找不到那面镜子

291
00:10:08,855 --> 00:10:13,151
因为根本没有一个固定不变的心在那里等着被灰尘染

292
00:10:13,255 --> 00:10:14,731
你一心想着擦灰尘

293
00:10:15,015 --> 00:10:16,374
这个念头本身

294
00:10:16,375 --> 00:10:17,351
就是灰尘

295
00:10:17,962 --> 00:10:19,121
这两首偈子

296
00:10:19,122 --> 00:10:22,358
代表了整个中国佛学史上最根本的分歧

297
00:10:22,881 --> 00:10:24,378
渐修和顿悟

298
00:10:24,761 --> 00:10:26,439
放下屠刀立地成佛

299
00:10:26,722 --> 00:10:28,139
站在顿悟这一边

300
00:10:28,401 --> 00:10:29,838
它不说你要修三十年

301
00:10:30,161 --> 00:10:30,819
它说

302
00:10:30,921 --> 00:10:32,019
就是这一刻

303
00:10:32,082 --> 00:10:33,238
一个彻底的转变

304
00:10:33,442 --> 00:10:34,455
可以发生

305
00:10:34,718 --> 00:10:37,117
但顿悟派被误解最深的地方

306
00:10:37,118 --> 00:10:38,096
就在这里

307
00:10:38,478 --> 00:10:38,675
顿

308
00:10:39,039 --> 00:10:40,496
不是说时间很短

309
00:10:40,758 --> 00:10:41,435
它说的是

310
00:10:41,758 --> 00:10:42,918
真正的转变

311
00:10:42,919 --> 00:10:44,695
不发生在时间线上

312
00:10:44,799 --> 00:10:47,376
而发生在意识的某一个根本层面

313
00:10:47,679 --> 00:10:48,476
就像你做梦

314
00:10:48,919 --> 00:10:50,335
梦里被老虎追

315
00:10:50,439 --> 00:10:51,276
心跳加速

316
00:10:51,559 --> 00:10:52,558
汗都出来了

317
00:10:52,559 --> 00:10:54,896
突然间你意识到我在做梦

318
00:10:55,279 --> 00:10:57,295
恐惧在那一刻消失了

319
00:10:57,358 --> 00:10:58,636
不是慢慢减少的

320
00:10:58,838 --> 00:11:00,376
是一下子就散了

321
00:11:00,399 --> 00:11:03,496
因为你看穿了它所依附的那个幻觉

322
00:11:03,758 --> 00:11:05,616
这个看穿是顿的

323
00:11:05,638 --> 00:11:07,695
但你能在那一刻醒来

324
00:11:07,838 --> 00:11:11,655
是之前无数次在梦里挣扎积累的结果

325
00:11:12,482 --> 00:11:14,339
广额也是这个结构

326
00:11:14,561 --> 00:11:16,339
在那一刀放下之前

327
00:11:16,362 --> 00:11:19,159
有多少年他没有察觉到的内心挣扎

328
00:11:20,002 --> 00:11:21,539
这里要做一个澄清

329
00:11:21,681 --> 00:11:25,659
因为顿渐之辩常常被简化成哪个更好的问题

330
00:11:26,201 --> 00:11:30,098
但慧能和神秀其实不是非此即彼的对立

331
00:11:30,642 --> 00:11:31,398
渐修的人

332
00:11:31,681 --> 00:11:33,699
终究要有一个顿的时刻

333
00:11:34,081 --> 00:11:34,758
顿悟的人

334
00:11:35,081 --> 00:11:37,138
之后仍然要很长的渐

335
00:11:37,161 --> 00:11:39,459
来让觉醒在生活里落地

336
00:11:40,111 --> 00:11:41,529
按 坛经 的记载

337
00:11:41,552 --> 00:11:43,870
五祖弘忍把衣钵传给慧能

338
00:11:43,871 --> 00:11:45,969
不是因为慧能的偈子更聪明

339
00:11:45,991 --> 00:11:48,951
而是因为慧能的偈子指向的那个层面

340
00:11:48,952 --> 00:11:50,808
才是根本的转变所在

341
00:11:51,192 --> 00:11:53,729
但这不代表神秀的路是错的

342
00:11:53,991 --> 00:11:55,489
对大多数人来说

343
00:11:55,511 --> 00:11:57,729
神秀那条路是走得进去的

344
00:11:57,751 --> 00:11:59,969
是可以踏踏实实去操作的

345
00:12:00,152 --> 00:12:03,369
放下屠刀立地成佛 说的是顿悟

346
00:12:03,391 --> 00:12:06,288
是那个根本转变在某一刻的发生

347
00:12:06,511 --> 00:12:07,188
但那一刻

348
00:12:07,432 --> 00:12:09,889
往往站在很长的渐修之上

349
00:12:10,943 --> 00:12:11,821
那放下屠刀

350
00:12:12,104 --> 00:12:13,380
到底放的是什么

351
00:12:13,903 --> 00:12:15,681
这是今天最核心的问题

352
00:12:16,063 --> 00:12:16,500
第一层

353
00:12:16,864 --> 00:12:17,921
行为层面

354
00:12:18,063 --> 00:12:19,421
把物理的刀放下

355
00:12:19,704 --> 00:12:21,401
停止杀戮的行为

356
00:12:21,584 --> 00:12:23,640
这一层所有人都能理解

357
00:12:23,704 --> 00:12:25,521
但这是最浅的层面

358
00:12:25,783 --> 00:12:27,903
一个人可以停止某种行为

359
00:12:27,903 --> 00:12:30,120
但内心深处的驱动力没变

360
00:12:30,183 --> 00:12:32,681
他只是换了一种方式表达而已

361
00:12:32,783 --> 00:12:33,781
光停止行为

362
00:12:33,984 --> 00:12:35,840
离成佛还差得很远

363
00:12:36,999 --> 00:12:37,476
第二层

364
00:12:37,919 --> 00:12:39,017
身份层面

365
00:12:39,159 --> 00:12:40,519
不光停止行为

366
00:12:40,519 --> 00:12:42,157
还放下了 我是一个杀手

367
00:12:42,480 --> 00:12:43,359
这就是我

368
00:12:43,360 --> 00:12:46,216
我没法变成别的样子 这个身份认同

369
00:12:46,279 --> 00:12:47,417
这要深得多

370
00:12:47,759 --> 00:12:49,976
但这也还不是最深的层面

371
00:12:50,240 --> 00:12:51,839
放下了杀手的身份

372
00:12:51,840 --> 00:12:53,897
还是可以抓取另一个身份

373
00:12:53,960 --> 00:12:55,759
比如改过自新的人

374
00:12:55,759 --> 00:12:56,356
受害者

375
00:12:56,639 --> 00:12:58,317
或者了不起的修行者

376
00:12:58,661 --> 00:12:59,177
第三层

377
00:12:59,501 --> 00:13:00,557
意识底层

378
00:13:00,740 --> 00:13:05,118
放下的是末那识里驱动整个身份认同的我执本身

379
00:13:05,541 --> 00:13:07,218
不是我不再认同这个身份

380
00:13:07,381 --> 00:13:08,379
我换一个

381
00:13:08,381 --> 00:13:11,139
而是制造固定身份认同的那个机制

382
00:13:11,141 --> 00:13:12,718
在那一刻松开了

383
00:13:13,021 --> 00:13:15,238
这是唯识学说的关键节点

384
00:13:15,421 --> 00:13:18,157
驱动业力引擎的那个动力来源

385
00:13:18,261 --> 00:13:19,633
熄火了

386
00:13:19,895 --> 00:13:20,793
第四层

387
00:13:20,856 --> 00:13:23,673
也是最难用语言说清楚的一层

388
00:13:24,055 --> 00:13:27,952
放下的是 有一个我在放下 这个想法本身

389
00:13:28,096 --> 00:13:29,054
到了这里

390
00:13:29,055 --> 00:13:31,752
已经不是广额决定放下屠刀

391
00:13:31,816 --> 00:13:33,952
而是放下这件事在发生

392
00:13:34,096 --> 00:13:37,592
没有一个固定的主体在主动执行这件事

393
00:13:38,055 --> 00:13:39,872
就像我们之前讲过的

394
00:13:39,976 --> 00:13:43,712
世亲在 唯识三十颂 里描述觉醒的状态

395
00:13:43,775 --> 00:13:45,992
不是你终于看见了真相

396
00:13:46,015 --> 00:13:51,095
而是远离能取所取 感知者和被感知的对象

397
00:13:51,096 --> 00:13:52,572
这个二元结构本身

398
00:13:52,936 --> 00:13:53,872
瓦解了

399
00:13:54,055 --> 00:13:54,372
你看

400
00:13:54,775 --> 00:13:56,752
从第一层到第四层

401
00:13:56,895 --> 00:13:58,615
放下屠刀 这个动作

402
00:13:58,616 --> 00:14:01,832
已经完全超出了那把物理的刀的范围

403
00:14:02,535 --> 00:14:04,454
那把刀只是一个入口

404
00:14:04,456 --> 00:14:06,592
一个让你理解这件事的比喻

405
00:14:07,522 --> 00:14:11,459
放下屠刀立地成佛 说的是广额的故事

406
00:14:11,603 --> 00:14:13,339
但它流传了一千多年

407
00:14:13,363 --> 00:14:15,300
一定不只是在说广额

408
00:14:15,642 --> 00:14:17,119
你手里现在握着什么

409
00:14:17,522 --> 00:14:19,459
你手里握的不一定是刀

410
00:14:19,723 --> 00:14:22,219
可能是对某个人多年的怨恨

411
00:14:22,443 --> 00:14:26,060
可能是 只有得到那个东西我才算安全 的恐惧

412
00:14:26,323 --> 00:14:29,300
可能是 我就是这种人改不了 的信念

413
00:14:29,483 --> 00:14:33,579
可能是一段你明知道该结束却一直放不下的关系

414
00:14:33,723 --> 00:14:36,420
可能是某个你死命抓着的执念

415
00:14:36,483 --> 00:14:37,359
因为放了它

416
00:14:37,603 --> 00:14:39,739
你不知道没有它你是谁

417
00:14:40,322 --> 00:14:43,340
有时候屠刀的形状更隐蔽一些

418
00:14:43,523 --> 00:14:45,360
可能是你对自己的一个故事

419
00:14:45,802 --> 00:14:47,820
我是一个受过很多伤的人

420
00:14:48,042 --> 00:14:48,720
这个身份

421
00:14:48,962 --> 00:14:50,180
让你觉得安全

422
00:14:50,202 --> 00:14:53,002
因为它解释了你为什么不用再努力

423
00:14:53,003 --> 00:14:53,879
不用再冒险

424
00:14:54,202 --> 00:14:55,739
不用再相信别人

425
00:14:56,003 --> 00:14:56,840
但这个故事

426
00:14:57,123 --> 00:14:58,259
也是一把刀

427
00:14:58,722 --> 00:15:01,639
可能是那个你说了二十年的 我没有天赋

428
00:15:02,243 --> 00:15:05,121
也可能是那个 如果不是当年那件事

429
00:15:05,123 --> 00:15:07,419
我今天会是另一个人 的假设

430
00:15:07,802 --> 00:15:11,659
你把一段过去变成了你现在所有事情的解释

431
00:15:11,722 --> 00:15:15,751
然后你就不用在当下做任何改变了

432
00:15:15,975 --> 00:15:17,832
这些屠刀的共同点是

433
00:15:18,015 --> 00:15:19,751
你以为它在保护你

434
00:15:19,855 --> 00:15:21,672
其实它在挡住你

435
00:15:22,015 --> 00:15:24,351
它让你有一个理由不必改变

436
00:15:24,814 --> 00:15:27,552
它让你的痛苦有一个合理的解释

437
00:15:27,615 --> 00:15:29,672
而不需要一个真正的出口

438
00:15:30,054 --> 00:15:30,452
这些

439
00:15:30,774 --> 00:15:32,751
都是不同形状的屠刀

440
00:15:33,375 --> 00:15:34,011
佛学说

441
00:15:34,454 --> 00:15:35,271
那些东西

442
00:15:35,414 --> 00:15:37,031
从来不是真正的你

443
00:15:37,294 --> 00:15:41,432
它们是末那识在阿赖耶识里种下的种子的外现

444
00:15:41,735 --> 00:15:44,111
是你的意识系统为了维持

445
00:15:44,215 --> 00:15:46,712
有一个固定的我 这个幻觉

446
00:15:46,735 --> 00:15:48,472
而制造出来的执着

447
00:15:49,415 --> 00:15:49,813
放下

448
00:15:50,135 --> 00:15:51,513
不是失去什么

449
00:15:52,015 --> 00:15:53,852
是让本来就在那里的东西

450
00:15:54,336 --> 00:15:55,273
透出来

451
00:15:55,616 --> 00:15:58,872
就像镜子的照性从来没有消失过

452
00:15:59,055 --> 00:16:01,073
不需要你往上加什么

453
00:16:01,096 --> 00:16:02,693
只需要把灰擦掉

454
00:16:03,175 --> 00:16:04,472
它就在那里了

455
00:16:04,856 --> 00:16:07,111
它一直在那里

456
00:16:07,455 --> 00:16:11,231
顿悟往往是漫长积累之后的临界点崩塌

457
00:16:11,814 --> 00:16:13,371
水烧到一百度沸腾

458
00:16:13,814 --> 00:16:15,374
那一刻是顿的

459
00:16:15,375 --> 00:16:18,432
但那一百度是一度一度加上去的

460
00:16:18,654 --> 00:16:19,611
广额的那一刻

461
00:16:19,894 --> 00:16:21,453
看起来像是顿悟

462
00:16:21,455 --> 00:16:22,591
但在那之前

463
00:16:22,615 --> 00:16:24,952
有多少年的积累我们不知道

464
00:16:25,335 --> 00:16:28,392
涅槃经 只告诉了我们那一刀放下的瞬间

465
00:16:28,495 --> 00:16:31,392
没有告诉我们他在黑暗里走了多久

466
00:16:31,855 --> 00:16:33,211
有一句话值得记住

467
00:16:33,615 --> 00:16:34,831
悟得者无量

468
00:16:34,894 --> 00:16:36,231
成就者甚少

469
00:16:36,455 --> 00:16:37,611
看见了那个清明

470
00:16:37,894 --> 00:16:39,374
和真正活出来

471
00:16:39,375 --> 00:16:41,312
中间还有很长的路

472
00:16:41,868 --> 00:16:42,986
我们这整个系列

473
00:16:43,268 --> 00:16:44,205
做的事情

474
00:16:44,228 --> 00:16:46,486
就是帮你一度一度地加热

475
00:16:46,949 --> 00:16:47,786
每一个概念

476
00:16:48,148 --> 00:16:49,307
每一次 哦

477
00:16:49,309 --> 00:16:50,105
原来是这样

478
00:16:50,589 --> 00:16:53,325
都是在让那个临界点离你近一点

479
00:16:53,669 --> 00:16:55,105
至于你什么时候沸腾

480
00:16:55,549 --> 00:16:56,805
没有人能预测

481
00:16:57,028 --> 00:16:58,786
但有一件事是确定的

482
00:16:59,108 --> 00:17:00,325
那个可能性

483
00:17:00,348 --> 00:17:01,406
一直都在

484
00:17:02,028 --> 00:17:04,845
涅槃经 说一阐提也有佛性

485
00:17:05,028 --> 00:17:06,825
这个说法的慈悲就在这里

486
00:17:07,228 --> 00:17:08,705
不管你现在在哪里

487
00:17:09,069 --> 00:17:10,627
不管你做过什么

488
00:17:10,628 --> 00:17:13,927
那个可能性从来没有离开过你

489
00:17:14,310 --> 00:17:15,708
你现在手里的屠刀

490
00:17:16,110 --> 00:17:17,148
是什么形状的

491
00:17:17,750 --> 00:17:20,287
欢迎在评论区告诉我你的想法

492
00:17:20,430 --> 00:17:21,468
我也很想知道

493
00:17:21,790 --> 00:17:23,287
顿悟和渐修

494
00:17:23,391 --> 00:17:25,867
你觉得哪一种更像你在走的路

495
00:17:26,430 --> 00:17:27,188
我是王利杰

496
00:17:27,470 --> 00:17:28,405
我们下期见