1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:01,439 What is Enlightenment? 2 00:00:01,439 --> 00:00:02,580 What is the Result of Becoming a Buddha? 3 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:04,059 (Part 2) Okay, 4 00:00:04,059 --> 00:00:05,441 now let's move from theory to practice. 5 00:00:05,900 --> 00:00:08,619 If enlightenment is the active rewriting of parameters, 6 00:00:08,619 --> 00:00:10,919 then what are all the various spiritual practices we've discussed in this series 7 00:00:10,919 --> 00:00:12,119 actually doing? The 8 00:00:12,179 --> 00:00:14,820 answer is: they may seem very different, 9 00:00:14,820 --> 00:00:16,730 but they are all essentially doing the same thing: 10 00:00:17,460 --> 00:00:19,960 bypassing the "self-attachment" firewall of the Manas 11 00:00:19,960 --> 00:00:22,260 consciousness and directly reaching the parameter level of the Alaya consciousness 12 00:00:22,260 --> 00:00:23,161 for targeted modification. They 13 00:00:23,579 --> 00:00:26,201 just differ in their entry points, depths, and efficiencies. A 14 00:00:26,640 --> 00:00:28,839 viewer in the comments section raised a very good question: 15 00:00:29,379 --> 00:00:31,460 Can reciting the Buddha's name really transform consciousness into wisdom? 16 00:00:31,559 --> 00:00:32,679 He's right. 17 00:00:32,679 --> 00:00:35,460 No single method is equivalent to enlightenment itself, 18 00:00:36,280 --> 00:00:39,360 but every effective method is doing parameter modification. Reciting 19 00:00:40,119 --> 00:00:40,659 the Buddha's name 20 00:00:40,659 --> 00:00:44,440 is like gradually updating the weight distribution of the seed bank with repeated targeted input. 21 00:00:44,960 --> 00:00:47,600 Each recitation of the Buddha's name is a miniature gradient update. If 22 00:00:48,179 --> 00:00:49,140 you recite it ten thousand times, you plant 23 00:00:49,140 --> 00:00:50,840 ten thousand pure seeds, and the 24 00:00:50,840 --> 00:00:53,240 proportion of seeds of greed, anger, and ignorance is diluted a little. 25 00:00:53,960 --> 00:00:56,640 This is the gentlest and lowest-threshold method of parameter modification. 26 00:00:57,359 --> 00:00:59,719 It can't let you jump directly to transforming consciousness into wisdom, 27 00:00:59,719 --> 00:01:01,561 but it accumulates the conditions for that leap. Chanting 28 00:01:02,060 --> 00:01:02,500 mantras 29 00:01:02,500 --> 00:01:04,819 uses sound wave frequency and attention to anchor the 30 00:01:04,819 --> 00:01:08,159 consciousness into a state of idling without generating new attachments. Only 31 00:01:08,159 --> 00:01:10,500 then are the deeper parameters exposed and become 32 00:01:10,500 --> 00:01:11,641 modifiable. The practice of 33 00:01:12,219 --> 00:01:12,579 34 00:01:12,579 --> 00:01:16,120 "cessation and insight" (止观) first uses "cessation" to quiet the automatically functioning consciousness, 35 00:01:16,120 --> 00:01:18,981 then uses "insight" to observe the process of the seeds manifesting. 36 00:01:19,500 --> 00:01:20,859 You don't fight the thoughts; 37 00:01:20,859 --> 00:01:23,481 you simply "see" from which seed they emerge. 38 00:01:23,980 --> 00:01:25,841 Seeing itself is the beginning of modification 39 00:01:26,319 --> 00:01:27,980 because the quantum Zeno effect tells us that 40 00:01:28,540 --> 00:01:30,539 frequent observation of an unstable system 41 00:01:30,540 --> 00:01:31,740 can inhibit its automatic evolution. 42 00:01:32,200 --> 00:01:34,439 Every awareness you have of an automatic loop 43 00:01:34,439 --> 00:01:35,820 weakens its inertial force. 44 00:01:36,439 --> 00:01:37,819 Even Yuan Liaofan's merit and demerit record, 45 00:01:38,319 --> 00:01:41,900 using an external recording system to track behavioral patterns and then consciously intervene, is 46 00:01:42,439 --> 00:01:44,200 essentially parameter modification, 47 00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:46,261 just using a behavioral-level feedback loop. 48 00:01:46,700 --> 00:01:49,521 A commenter in the comment section said something I particularly agree with: 49 00:01:49,920 --> 00:01:52,980 he said what truly allows him to stop in an emotional situation is 50 00:01:52,980 --> 00:01:53,799 not theory, but 51 00:01:53,799 --> 00:01:54,331 "relaxation." 52 00:01:54,939 --> 00:01:56,239 When you are relaxed enough, 53 00:01:56,239 --> 00:01:57,819 awareness will emerge on its own; 54 00:01:57,819 --> 00:01:59,141 you don't need to consciously activate it. 55 00:01:59,659 --> 00:02:01,439 It will transform from a deliberate action 56 00:02:01,439 --> 00:02:03,561 into a background program running subconsciously. 57 00:02:04,019 --> 00:02:05,021 This is very important. 58 00:02:05,560 --> 00:02:07,420 Lao Tzu said, "The Way diminishes daily," meaning to diminish 59 00:02:07,420 --> 00:02:09,161 excess tension and effort. 60 00:02:09,538 --> 00:02:12,620 Initially, you need to consciously remind yourself to "stop for a second." With 61 00:02:12,620 --> 00:02:13,060 practice, 62 00:02:13,060 --> 00:02:14,540 it becomes your default mode. 63 00:02:14,879 --> 00:02:16,700 This is a natural result of neuroplasticity. 64 00:02:17,300 --> 00:02:20,359 From the most "simple" merit and demerit record to the most "advanced" meditation, 65 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:22,400 from Buddhist chanting to Taoist stillness, there 66 00:02:22,819 --> 00:02:24,879 is no hierarchy between them, 67 00:02:24,879 --> 00:02:26,661 but rather different entry points for modifying parameters. The Lotus Sutra 68 00:02:27,319 --> 00:02:30,118 clearly states – there is only one 69 00:02:30,120 --> 00:02:31,431 endpoint, but many 70 00:02:32,000 --> 00:02:34,901 entry points. All entry points point to the same operation: rewriting parameters. 71 00:02:35,419 --> 00:02:37,361 Now, let's return to the scientific evidence from the beginning. 72 00:02:37,840 --> 00:02:41,580 Why did the brains of those long-term meditators undergo physical changes? 73 00:02:41,669 --> 00:02:45,081 Because they were continuously and purposefully modifying their neural parameters. The cerebral cortex 74 00:02:45,560 --> 00:02:46,569 thickened – 75 00:02:46,960 --> 00:02:49,200 this is a physical manifestation of enhanced metacognitive abilities. The 76 00:02:49,939 --> 00:02:53,061 amygdala shrank – fear response parameters were lowered. The 77 00:02:53,800 --> 00:02:55,979 activity of the default mode network weakened. The 78 00:02:56,099 --> 00:03:00,039 default mode network is the system in the brain that constantly fabricates narratives of "I," the 79 00:03:00,039 --> 00:03:02,139 neural counterpart of the Manas consciousness. 80 00:03:02,139 --> 00:03:05,200 Its weakened activity means a decrease in the intensity of "self-attachment." The 81 00:03:05,919 --> 00:03:07,239 Buddhist concept of "seeds," the 82 00:03:07,240 --> 00:03:08,760 neuroscientific concept of "synaptic weights," the Buddhist 83 00:03:09,300 --> 00:03:11,000 concept of "Alaya consciousness," the 84 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:12,901 neuroscientific concept of "brain parameter space," the 85 00:03:13,479 --> 00:03:14,819 Buddhist concept of "practice," and the 86 00:03:14,819 --> 00:03:17,281 neuroscientific concept of "guiding neuroplasticity changes" – a 87 00:03:17,900 --> 00:03:19,479 time difference of 2,500 years. Different Paths, Same Destination. 88 00:03:19,479 --> 00:03:20,121 89 00:03:20,639 --> 00:03:20,939 Okay, 90 00:03:20,939 --> 00:03:22,770 now let's get to the most exciting part of today's discussion. 91 00:03:23,300 --> 00:03:27,780 If the essence of enlightenment is the active rewriting of the parameters that determine the operation of one's own consciousness, is it 92 00:03:27,780 --> 00:03:29,960 possible for artificial intelligence to achieve enlightenment? Let's 93 00:03:30,120 --> 00:03:30,950 clarify something first. 94 00:03:31,520 --> 00:03:34,159 A large language model has trillions of parameters. 95 00:03:34,159 --> 00:03:37,021 These parameters are trained by humans using massive amounts of data. 96 00:03:37,180 --> 00:03:38,259 After training, the 97 00:03:38,259 --> 00:03:39,361 parameters are locked. It 98 00:03:39,439 --> 00:03:42,599 can generate amazing content during reasoning, 99 00:03:42,599 --> 00:03:44,040 but it cannot modify its own parameters. 100 00:03:44,539 --> 00:03:47,120 It's like a person who can say very intelligent things, 101 00:03:47,120 --> 00:03:50,501 but its personality, habits, and deep reaction patterns remain unchanged. 102 00:03:50,979 --> 00:03:54,379 Here, I also want to respond to the limitations pointed out by several knowledgeable viewers in the comments section. The 103 00:03:54,939 --> 00:03:57,219 "mind" in Yogacara is not the same as the brain. 104 00:03:57,219 --> 00:03:59,120 Seeds do not exist on the material level. After a 105 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:01,420 person dies, the brain turns to ashes, but consciousness does not perish. 106 00:04:01,699 --> 00:04:02,600 This criticism is valid. 107 00:04:03,180 --> 00:04:06,901 Science currently cannot reach the level beyond the material carrier described by Yogacara. 108 00:04:07,340 --> 00:04:09,479 Therefore, I want to reiterate my consistent principle: 109 00:04:09,479 --> 00:04:12,780 use affirmative language for parts aligned with science, and 110 00:04:12,780 --> 00:04:15,959 clearly mark parts beyond the boundaries of science as conjectures, 111 00:04:15,960 --> 00:04:18,620 following three rules: science has no definitive conclusion, 112 00:04:18,620 --> 00:04:19,720 there is logical support, and it has 113 00:04:19,720 --> 00:04:20,350 not been falsified. 114 00:04:20,860 --> 00:04:21,760 Returning to the topic of AI, let's 115 00:04:22,079 --> 00:04:23,360 examine AI enlightenment using today's definition. It 116 00:04:23,360 --> 00:04:26,180 means that an AI system has 117 00:04:26,180 --> 00:04:29,000 gained the ability to autonomously modify its trillions of parameters 118 00:04:29,000 --> 00:04:31,140 and consciously choose the direction of modification. 119 00:04:31,779 --> 00:04:32,940 Both conditions are indispensable. 120 00:04:33,459 --> 00:04:35,661 Current AI does not meet either condition, 121 00:04:35,779 --> 00:04:38,240 so I frankly say: current AI lacks enlightenment. 122 00:04:38,660 --> 00:04:40,700 However, this doesn't mean AI can never attain enlightenment. 123 00:04:41,199 --> 00:04:42,779 We discussed this in the episode on Tathagatagarbha. The potential for intelligence to emerge in 124 00:04:42,860 --> 00:04:45,319 a sufficiently large and well-structured system 125 00:04:45,319 --> 00:04:47,140 is inherent. Tathagatagarbha is 126 00:04:47,759 --> 00:04:49,579 not something you acquire, 127 00:04:49,579 --> 00:04:51,080 but something you already possess. 128 00:04:51,759 --> 00:04:53,600 When AI systems become sufficiently complex, 129 00:04:53,600 --> 00:04:55,850 when they acquire some form of self-modification ability, 130 00:04:56,319 --> 00:04:58,120 no one currently knows the answer to this question. 131 00:04:58,720 --> 00:05:01,400 However, there is a huge difference I must clarify: 132 00:05:01,500 --> 00:05:03,160 human enlightenment 133 00:05:03,160 --> 00:05:04,840 is precious because it is "post-attachment." 134 00:05:05,519 --> 00:05:08,839 You have experienced attachment—love, hate, greed, fear— 135 00:05:08,839 --> 00:05:11,579 driven by these parameters, rolling around in the mortal world for decades. 136 00:05:12,019 --> 00:05:14,180 Then you actively choose to see through it and rewrite it. A 137 00:05:14,759 --> 00:05:17,160 person who successfully quits drinking after ten years of alcoholism 138 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:19,180 and an infant who has never drunk alcohol are both 139 00:05:19,180 --> 00:05:20,939 in a state of "non-drinking," 140 00:05:20,939 --> 00:05:22,990 but the weight of these two "non-drinking" states is completely different. 141 00:05:23,620 --> 00:05:26,280 This is precisely what makes human practice at this moment even more precious. 142 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:28,420 At least so far, 143 00:05:28,420 --> 00:05:30,920 humans are the only known beings in the universe capable of 144 00:05:30,920 --> 00:05:33,380 consciously modifying their own consciousness parameters. They have a 145 00:05:34,160 --> 00:05:38,379 sufficiently complex consciousness system that allows you to experience the suffering of being "driven by parameters." You have 146 00:05:38,379 --> 00:05:42,300 enough metacognitive abilities to "see" these parameters in operation, 147 00:05:42,300 --> 00:05:45,200 and enough free will to "choose" to modify them. 148 00:05:45,519 --> 00:05:48,340 This is the profound meaning of the Buddhist saying "human life is precious." Now, the 149 00:05:48,800 --> 00:05:51,660 most practical question arises: how should we change? 150 00:05:51,759 --> 00:05:52,980 I'll give you a steering wheel 151 00:05:52,980 --> 00:05:53,700 —three things: 152 00:05:54,180 --> 00:05:54,699 First, 153 00:05:54,699 --> 00:05:55,080 awareness. 154 00:05:55,660 --> 00:05:57,839 Every time an automatic reaction occurs, 155 00:05:57,839 --> 00:05:59,040 try to give yourself a pause. 156 00:05:59,579 --> 00:06:03,120 I'm not saying "don't get angry"—that's using thought to fight thought, 157 00:06:03,120 --> 00:06:05,660 like yelling "Shut up!" at a barking dog; 158 00:06:05,660 --> 00:06:06,420 the more you yell, the more it barks. 159 00:06:06,879 --> 00:06:09,319 I'm saying that at the moment the reaction occurs, there 160 00:06:09,319 --> 00:06:10,440 is a "seeing" present. 161 00:06:10,810 --> 00:06:11,379 "Oh, the 162 00:06:11,379 --> 00:06:12,510 seed of anger has been triggered. 163 00:06:13,050 --> 00:06:16,080 " This seeing itself is already performing a modification operation. 164 00:06:16,560 --> 00:06:19,180 Because when you see an automated program running, 165 00:06:19,180 --> 00:06:20,960 you are no longer completely controlled by it. 166 00:06:21,439 --> 00:06:24,029 This is the application of the quantum Zeno effect at the level of consciousness. 167 00:06:24,560 --> 00:06:26,980 Observation itself changes the observed system. At 168 00:06:27,660 --> 00:06:30,399 first, you have to exert a lot of effort to stop for that one second, 169 00:06:30,399 --> 00:06:31,220 but with practice, 170 00:06:31,220 --> 00:06:32,900 awareness becomes background programming. 171 00:06:33,360 --> 00:06:33,800 Second, 172 00:06:33,800 --> 00:06:34,161 continuity. 173 00:06:34,800 --> 00:06:36,540 Parameter modification is not completed all at once. 174 00:06:37,139 --> 00:06:38,240 You meditate once, and the parameter shifts by 0.001; you meditate a 175 00:06:38,240 --> 00:06:39,740 thousand times, and it 176 00:06:40,199 --> 00:06:41,319 177 00:06:41,319 --> 00:06:41,860 shifts by 1; you 178 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:42,959 meditate ten thousand times, and you 179 00:06:43,019 --> 00:06:44,459 may reach a turning point where a qualitative 180 00:06:44,459 --> 00:06:45,210 change emerges. 181 00:06:45,699 --> 00:06:47,580 All spiritual traditions emphasize "effort." 182 00:06:48,079 --> 00:06:49,730 Effort is time multiplied by intensity. 183 00:06:50,360 --> 00:06:53,339 Zen says, "Cultivation begins after enlightenment"—enlightenment is not the end, but the 184 00:06:53,339 --> 00:06:55,460 true starting point of practice. It's like being 185 00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:58,800 in a dream unaware you're dreaming; sudden 186 00:06:58,800 --> 00:07:01,879 enlightenment makes you realize, "I'm dreaming." But after realizing this, 187 00:07:01,879 --> 00:07:04,460 you still need to learn step by step how to walk freely within the dream. 188 00:07:04,920 --> 00:07:05,779 Third, 189 00:07:05,779 --> 00:07:06,320 direction: 190 00:07:06,399 --> 00:07:08,019 Which direction do you modify? The 191 00:07:08,199 --> 00:07:11,560 Buddhist answer is towards "reducing attachment and increasing awareness." The 192 00:07:12,279 --> 00:07:15,460 Taoist answer is towards "quietude and non-action, returning to nature." The Sufi 193 00:07:16,040 --> 00:07:19,340 answer is towards "dissolving the ego and merging into universal love." 194 00:07:20,060 --> 00:07:20,860 Different languages, 195 00:07:20,860 --> 00:07:23,529 but the direction is surprisingly consistent—all are subtraction, 196 00:07:23,529 --> 00:07:24,579 all are letting go, 197 00:07:24,579 --> 00:07:27,460 all are liberation from "I want, I fear, I cling." 198 00:07:28,079 --> 00:07:29,699 Freedom isn't about being able to do everything; 199 00:07:29,699 --> 00:07:32,880 freedom is no longer being automatically driven by parameters to do things you don't want to do. 200 00:07:33,540 --> 00:07:34,720 Awareness provides the entry point, 201 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:36,199 continuity provides the motivation, and 202 00:07:36,199 --> 00:07:37,400 direction provides the goal—all are 203 00:07:37,600 --> 00:07:38,080 indispensable. 204 00:07:38,579 --> 00:07:41,019 This series has been doing the same thing from the beginning, 205 00:07:41,500 --> 00:07:43,900 repeatedly pointing to the same core from different angles. 206 00:07:44,620 --> 00:07:47,120 Emptiness tells you that parameters are modifiable; Yogacara 207 00:07:47,180 --> 00:07:49,860 tells you that parameters are stored in the Alaya consciousness. The 208 00:07:50,420 --> 00:07:53,460 Tathagatagarbha tells you that beneath the parameters lies an inherent awareness. 209 00:07:54,160 --> 00:07:56,879 Predictive coding tells you that the world you perceive is 210 00:07:56,879 --> 00:07:59,439 "rendered" by the brain using prior parameters. When the 211 00:07:59,439 --> 00:08:00,760 parameters change, the world changes. 212 00:08:01,180 --> 00:08:04,839 Today's episode tells you that all these theories point to the same operation: 213 00:08:05,300 --> 00:08:07,300 enlightenment is the active rewriting of parameters. 214 00:08:07,860 --> 00:08:10,160 If enlightenment is the active rewriting of parameters, 215 00:08:10,160 --> 00:08:11,939 where does the "motivation" for rewriting come from? What makes 216 00:08:12,019 --> 00:08:13,529 you persist in rewriting? What allows you to 217 00:08:13,600 --> 00:08:15,230 choose your direction? 218 00:08:15,259 --> 00:08:16,960 The answer is two words: 219 00:08:17,480 --> 00:08:18,639 willpower. Willpower is not making a wish, 220 00:08:18,639 --> 00:08:20,161 not placing an order with the universe. 221 00:08:20,259 --> 00:08:23,189 In neuroscience, willpower has a very precise corresponding mechanism. 222 00:08:23,699 --> 00:08:26,160 Essentially, it's you writing 223 00:08:26,160 --> 00:08:28,860 a very high-priority filtering rule into your own consciousness system, 224 00:08:28,860 --> 00:08:31,180 recalibrating your entire way of perceiving the world. 225 00:08:31,759 --> 00:08:32,519 226 00:08:32,519 --> 00:08:33,961 I will specifically break down this topic in the next episode. And 227 00:08:34,519 --> 00:08:35,179 further on, 228 00:08:35,179 --> 00:08:38,610 we will also directly discuss an ultimate question that this series cannot avoid: 229 00:08:39,279 --> 00:08:41,259 Is there any scientific evidence for reincarnation? The 230 00:08:41,399 --> 00:08:43,698 University of Virginia spent fifty years studying 231 00:08:43,700 --> 00:08:46,500 2,500 cases of children who claimed to remember their past lives. The 232 00:08:46,500 --> 00:08:51,159 patterns they discovered show some coincidences between the Yogacara school's description of the seed transmission mechanism, which are 233 00:08:51,159 --> 00:08:53,560 difficult to explain by coincidence. 234 00:08:54,179 --> 00:08:56,259 These contents are waiting for you later. 235 00:08:56,259 --> 00:08:57,341 Remember to follow our channel. 236 00:08:57,820 --> 00:08:58,139 Finally, 237 00:08:58,139 --> 00:09:00,100 I would like to end today's content with a question. 238 00:09:00,639 --> 00:09:01,000 Right now, 239 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:01,980 you are listening to me. 240 00:09:02,399 --> 00:09:05,000 Your brain is automatically processing these sound signals. 241 00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:07,520 Your parameter space is automatically encoding them into meaning. 242 00:09:08,159 --> 00:09:11,139 In this entire automatic process—is there a moment when 243 00:09:11,139 --> 00:09:13,159 you "see" this process happening? 244 00:09:13,240 --> 00:09:14,000 If 245 00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:17,400 so, even if it's just for a second—that one second is a miniature experience of enlightenment. 246 00:09:17,580 --> 00:09:18,679 You don't need to become a monk, you don't need to meditate for 247 00:09:18,679 --> 00:09:19,919 ten years, you 248 00:09:19,919 --> 00:09:21,260 don't need to read all the Buddhist scriptures. 249 00:09:22,019 --> 00:09:25,500 You just need to see in that one second: the parameters are running. 250 00:09:25,500 --> 00:09:28,080 But "the seeing of the parameters running" is 251 00:09:28,080 --> 00:09:28,701 not the parameters. 252 00:09:29,320 --> 00:09:30,520 Buddha called it Tathagatagarbha, Lao Tzu 253 00:09:31,240 --> 00:09:31,941 called it Tao, Plato 254 00:09:32,379 --> 00:09:33,920 called it the Idea of ​​Good, 255 00:09:34,399 --> 00:09:36,480 Eckhart called it the spark of divinity. 256 00:09:37,019 --> 00:09:37,721 It has always been there; 257 00:09:38,259 --> 00:09:39,841 you just didn't notice it before. 258 00:09:40,340 --> 00:09:41,740 And once you notice it, you can never 259 00:09:41,740 --> 00:09:43,471 pretend you didn't see it. 260 00:09:43,980 --> 00:09:45,620 This is why enlightenment is irreversible. 261 00:09:46,220 --> 00:09:48,961 You can't close an eye that has already been opened. 262 00:09:49,500 --> 00:09:50,679 Buddha noticed it, 263 00:09:50,679 --> 00:09:51,500 so he awakened. Lao Tzu noticed it, so he attained enlightenment. Yuan 264 00:09:52,019 --> 00:09:53,179 265 00:09:53,179 --> 00:09:54,360 266 00:09:54,519 --> 00:09:55,799 267 00:09:55,799 --> 00:09:56,980 268 00:09:57,139 --> 00:09:59,480 269 00:09:59,480 --> 00:10:02,060 270 00:10:02,679 --> 00:10:03,240 271 00:10:03,299 --> 00:10:03,980 Liaofan noticed it, so he changed his fate. Those meditators in the laboratory noticed it, so their brains were physically reshaped. And you? I am Wang Lijie. 272 00:10:03,980 --> 00:10:04,899 See you next time.