1
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妓女和暴君

2
00:00:01,740 --> 00:00:04,339
凭什么被佛陀称为善知识

3
00:00:05,179 --> 00:00:05,859
善知识

4
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善男子

5
00:00:07,139 --> 00:00:08,079
善女人

6
00:00:08,259 --> 00:00:10,118
你念了一辈子的善字

7
00:00:10,300 --> 00:00:12,359
佛陀根本不是那个意思

8
00:00:13,099 --> 00:00:14,099
两千五百年前

9
00:00:14,500 --> 00:00:16,079
一个十几岁的少年

10
00:00:16,100 --> 00:00:18,158
跑遍印度去找老师

11
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他见的第一类人叫比丘

12
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你不奇怪

13
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但五十三位善知识里

14
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有一位是全城最有名的妓女

15
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还有一位

16
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是让犯人剁手剁脚的国王

17
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这两个人

18
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在华严经里都被尊称为善知识

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我赌你愣了一下

20
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妓女

21
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暴君

22
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这俩怎么也能跟善沾边

23
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这不是华严经写错了

24
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这是我们把善这个字

25
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理解错了两千年

26
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哈喽

27
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大家好

28
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我是王利杰

29
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我们中国人

30
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从小到大

31
00:00:54,083 --> 00:00:55,583
听到善这个字

32
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脑子里自动浮现出来的画面是什么

33
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是善有善报恶有恶报

34
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是举头三尺有神明

35
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是做人要善良

36
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善在我们的文化语境里

37
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几乎已经被等同于做好事

38
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一个善人

39
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就是一个不偷不抢 乐于助人

40
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心地柔软的人

41
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一件善事

42
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就是一件能让大家点赞

43
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不会有人骂的事

44
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所以当佛经里反复出现

45
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善男子善女人这样的称呼

46
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你的大脑会自动翻译成心地善良的男人和女人

47
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当你听到善知识这个词

48
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你会想象成一位心地善良

49
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品行高尚的老师

50
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当你读到诸恶莫作

51
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众善奉行

52
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你会理解成不要做坏事

53
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多做好事

54
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听起来都对吧

55
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多么标准的佛教徒画像

56
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但我今天要告诉你

57
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这套理解

58
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从根上就错了

59
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错得离谱

60
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我们先回到那个少年

61
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他叫善财

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是华严经最后一品

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入法界品

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的主角

65
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他从文殊菩萨那里出发

66
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被告知要南行参访

67
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去拜见各路善知识

68
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整整五十三位老师

69
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经文里几乎每一参

70
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都用善知识来称呼对方

71
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如果善知识是心地善良的老师

72
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那这五十三位应该都是慈眉善目

73
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戒律精严的修行人

74
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但事实是什么

75
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善财来到一座叫险难国宝庄严城的地方

76
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他要找的人叫婆须蜜多

77
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这位婆须蜜多是谁

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经文里写得非常直白

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她是一位绝色女子

80
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她的房子建在城市最热闹的地段

81
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任何男人见到她都会生起强烈的欲望

82
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她的工作

83
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经文没有用任何隐晦的措辞

84
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就是接待这些被欲望驱使来到她门前的男人

85
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用今天的话说

86
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她是一个高级妓女

87
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善财去了

88
00:02:52,987 --> 00:02:55,206
一个十几岁的少年修行人

89
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去拜访一位妓女

90
00:02:56,427 --> 00:02:58,986
这件事在两千五百年前的印度

91
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跟今天一样会引起巨大的争议

92
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但善财不仅去了

93
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而且经文写他到了门前

94
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恭敬合掌 以头面礼足

95
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五体投地地拜下去

96
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婆须蜜多教了善财什么

97
00:03:13,684 --> 00:03:14,703
她说了一段

98
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在我看来是整个华严经里最颠覆的话

99
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她说

100
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众生因为欲望来找我

101
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但与我接触之后

102
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他们的欲望反而被转化了

103
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有的人见到我就证得欢喜三昧

104
00:03:28,844 --> 00:03:32,504
有的人跟我说话就证得无碍音声三昧

105
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有的人执我手就证得遍往一切佛刹三昧

106
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有的人

107
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跟我亲吻就证得增长一切众生福德藏三昧

108
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经文就是这么写的

109
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我没有删字

110
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她的法门有一个名字

111
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叫离贪际

112
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在欲望的最深处

113
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触碰到那个超越欲望的边界

114
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你先把你心里那个佛教是纯洁的

115
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出家人是禁欲的剧本放一放

116
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华严经在这里告诉你的

117
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是一件石破天惊的事

118
00:04:04,651 --> 00:04:06,651
一位每天接待大量男人

119
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靠激发欲望为生的女子

120
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被列为善财童子的善知识

121
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她的善

122
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不在于她的职业

123
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也不在于她的行为

124
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而在于她做的这件事

125
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本身就是一道法门

126
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她让来到她身边的人

127
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在欲望被点燃到极致的那一刻

128
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有机会看见欲望本身的虚妄

129
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我换个说法你可能更有感觉

130
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一个一辈子没接触过钱的人

131
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跟你说我不贪财

132
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这句话有分量吗

133
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没有

134
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一个手里握着十亿

135
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每天有无数人想从他这里挖钱的人

136
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跟你说我不贪财

137
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这句话才有分量

138
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婆须蜜多就是那个站在欲望最中心的人

139
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她每天面对的

140
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是常人一辈子都不会遇到的诱惑密度

141
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她在那个位置上保持了清明

142
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然后她的存在本身

143
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变成了一面镜子

144
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可以映照所有走近她的人

145
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这是不是善

146
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华严经说

147
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这是

148
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而且是大善

149
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是顶级的善知识

150
00:05:08,733 --> 00:05:09,911
我们继续往下看

151
00:05:10,493 --> 00:05:12,392
善财来到了多罗幢城

152
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要拜见一位国王

153
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这位国王叫无厌足王

154
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善财一到城里

155
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看到的是什么场景

156
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经文写得让人毛骨悚然

157
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王宫前的广场上摆着各种刑具

158
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被押解的犯人有的被割了耳鼻

159
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有的被砍掉手脚

160
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有的被开膛剖腹

161
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有的在油锅里挣扎

162
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广场上血流成河

163
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哀嚎遍地

164
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这位无厌足王坐在高高的宝座上

165
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看着这一切

166
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神情冷酷

167
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发号施令

168
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善财当场就崩溃了

169
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经文写他心里产生了

170
00:05:47,647 --> 00:05:48,926
一个巨大的疑问

171
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这怎么可能是善知识

172
00:05:51,107 --> 00:05:52,467
这怎么可能是菩萨

173
00:05:52,868 --> 00:05:55,366
这分明是一个嗜血的暴君啊

174
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我修行求道

175
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文殊菩萨怎么会让我来拜见这种人

176
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就在善财动摇的时候

177
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空中传来一个声音

178
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是十方诸佛在提醒他

179
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善男子

180
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你不要起这样的念头

181
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你眼前看到的

182
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不是你以为的样子

183
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这位无厌足王

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是一位证得了如幻解脱的大菩萨

185
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善财半信半疑地继续前行

186
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等他真正走到无厌足王面前

187
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国王告诉了他真相

188
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无厌足王说

189
00:06:25,860 --> 00:06:27,400
我治理的这个国家

190
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众生刚强难调

191
00:06:29,220 --> 00:06:30,920
他们造的恶业极重

192
00:06:31,021 --> 00:06:33,100
杀人 放火 抢掠

193
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无所不为

194
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我用普通的教化方法

195
00:06:36,141 --> 00:06:37,480
他们听不进去

196
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我用怀柔的政策

197
00:06:38,980 --> 00:06:40,400
他们变本加厉

198
00:06:40,461 --> 00:06:41,819
最后我没有办法

199
00:06:41,821 --> 00:06:43,660
只能用最严厉的刑罚

200
00:06:43,660 --> 00:06:45,739
让他们在巨大的痛苦面前

201
00:06:45,740 --> 00:06:48,001
生起深深的恐惧

202
00:06:48,222 --> 00:06:50,100
但你看到的那些刑罚

203
00:06:50,102 --> 00:06:52,061
那些被割鼻 被砍手

204
00:06:52,062 --> 00:06:53,720
被下油锅的犯人

205
00:06:53,781 --> 00:06:56,641
他们都是我用神通幻化出来的

206
00:06:56,941 --> 00:06:58,280
他们不是真的人

207
00:06:58,662 --> 00:07:00,300
他们是我变出来的

208
00:07:00,302 --> 00:07:02,480
看起来像在受苦的演员

209
00:07:02,901 --> 00:07:05,561
我让真正的犯人看着这些幻像

210
00:07:05,581 --> 00:07:06,600
体验那种

211
00:07:06,701 --> 00:07:08,381
如果我不停止作恶

212
00:07:08,381 --> 00:07:09,501
这就是我的下场

213
00:07:09,701 --> 00:07:10,641
的恐惧

214
00:07:10,901 --> 00:07:12,220
然后他们的心中

215
00:07:12,222 --> 00:07:14,461
真的生起了对恶业的恐惧

216
00:07:14,461 --> 00:07:15,881
真的开始向善

217
00:07:16,461 --> 00:07:17,420
整个王国

218
00:07:17,422 --> 00:07:20,401
没有一个真正的犯人在我手上死过

219
00:07:20,701 --> 00:07:22,540
但整个王国的犯罪率

220
00:07:22,542 --> 00:07:24,081
降到了几乎为零

221
00:07:24,461 --> 00:07:25,261
善财听完

222
00:07:25,622 --> 00:07:26,902
五体投地

223
00:07:27,204 --> 00:07:27,962
我讲到这里

224
00:07:28,204 --> 00:07:29,642
你可能开始觉得

225
00:07:29,644 --> 00:07:31,402
佛经的脑洞是不是有点大

226
00:07:32,043 --> 00:07:33,803
用幻象吓唬犯人

227
00:07:34,404 --> 00:07:35,863
这听起来有点扯

228
00:07:36,363 --> 00:07:37,382
但你别急

229
00:07:37,604 --> 00:07:39,902
你把这个故事看作一个寓言

230
00:07:40,123 --> 00:07:42,462
看它真正想告诉你的是什么

231
00:07:42,964 --> 00:07:43,642
世俗的善

232
00:07:43,964 --> 00:07:45,223
是行为分类

233
00:07:45,363 --> 00:07:46,642
做好事就是善

234
00:07:47,043 --> 00:07:48,663
做坏事就是恶

235
00:07:49,123 --> 00:07:51,503
一个国王把人扔进油锅

236
00:07:51,644 --> 00:07:52,923
无论他有什么理由

237
00:07:52,923 --> 00:07:53,902
这都是恶

238
00:07:54,204 --> 00:07:56,402
一个女子接待大量男人

239
00:07:56,404 --> 00:07:57,762
无论她有什么用意

240
00:07:57,764 --> 00:07:58,702
这也是恶

241
00:07:59,204 --> 00:08:02,063
但华严经在做一件极其大胆的事

242
00:08:02,284 --> 00:08:04,522
它把善和恶的判断标准

243
00:08:04,524 --> 00:08:07,342
从行为表面挪到了功能本质

244
00:08:07,644 --> 00:08:08,762
什么叫功能本质

245
00:08:09,803 --> 00:08:10,642
就是问一个问题

246
00:08:11,404 --> 00:08:12,303
这件事

247
00:08:12,324 --> 00:08:14,402
最终把众生导向觉醒

248
00:08:14,683 --> 00:08:15,762
还是导向沉沦

249
00:08:17,076 --> 00:08:18,596
婆须蜜多接待男人

250
00:08:18,877 --> 00:08:19,935
看起来是恶

251
00:08:20,197 --> 00:08:23,276
但她的存在让无数被欲望困住的人

252
00:08:23,276 --> 00:08:25,196
在欲望最炽烈的时刻

253
00:08:25,197 --> 00:08:26,516
看清了欲望的本质

254
00:08:26,797 --> 00:08:27,935
从此解脱

255
00:08:28,197 --> 00:08:29,115
她做的这件事

256
00:08:29,437 --> 00:08:31,615
功能上是导向觉醒的

257
00:08:31,636 --> 00:08:32,776
所以她是善

258
00:08:33,117 --> 00:08:34,636
无厌足王施重刑

259
00:08:34,956 --> 00:08:36,096
看起来是恶

260
00:08:36,276 --> 00:08:40,816
但他用幻象让那些本来会真的去杀人放火的众生

261
00:08:40,836 --> 00:08:44,135
生起恐惧 停止造业 开始向善

262
00:08:44,356 --> 00:08:45,316
他做的这件事

263
00:08:45,596 --> 00:08:47,875
功能上是导向觉醒的

264
00:08:47,876 --> 00:08:49,056
所以他是善

265
00:08:49,957 --> 00:08:50,596
反过来想

266
00:08:50,957 --> 00:08:52,035
如果一个老师

267
00:08:52,037 --> 00:08:55,295
天天跟学生说做人要善良要包容

268
00:08:55,356 --> 00:08:58,856
但他自己其实是在用善良绑架学生

269
00:08:58,957 --> 00:09:01,936
让学生不敢拒绝任何不合理的要求

270
00:09:02,077 --> 00:09:03,795
最终把学生养成一个

271
00:09:03,797 --> 00:09:06,696
永远讨好别人 活得很拧巴的人

272
00:09:06,876 --> 00:09:07,996
这种善良教育

273
00:09:08,236 --> 00:09:09,816
看起来全是好话

274
00:09:09,837 --> 00:09:11,395
但功能上导向了什么

275
00:09:11,797 --> 00:09:14,976
导向了一个被自我欺骗困死的灵魂

276
00:09:15,276 --> 00:09:15,476
它

277
00:09:15,917 --> 00:09:17,155
在佛学的标准里

278
00:09:17,356 --> 00:09:18,535
根本不是善

279
00:09:18,797 --> 00:09:19,635
你听明白了吗

280
00:09:20,197 --> 00:09:21,295
佛学里的善

281
00:09:21,317 --> 00:09:23,375
它根本不是一个道德标签

282
00:09:23,516 --> 00:09:25,096
它是一个功能判断

283
00:09:25,837 --> 00:09:28,696
它问的不是你做这件事看起来好不好

284
00:09:28,756 --> 00:09:30,436
它问的是你做这件事

285
00:09:30,437 --> 00:09:33,236
最终能不能让众生离苦得乐

286
00:09:33,236 --> 00:09:34,375
走向觉醒

287
00:09:34,636 --> 00:09:35,076
如果能

288
00:09:35,396 --> 00:09:36,515
哪怕你的手段

289
00:09:36,516 --> 00:09:39,216
在世俗眼里看起来惊世骇俗

290
00:09:39,276 --> 00:09:40,915
做妓女 施重刑

291
00:09:40,917 --> 00:09:42,555
骂人 打人 说谎

292
00:09:42,797 --> 00:09:44,255
这些都可以是善

293
00:09:44,516 --> 00:09:45,196
如果不能

294
00:09:45,476 --> 00:09:46,716
哪怕你的行为

295
00:09:46,717 --> 00:09:49,196
在世俗眼里看起来无可挑剔

296
00:09:49,197 --> 00:09:51,076
天天念佛 月月供养

297
00:09:51,276 --> 00:09:52,696
口口声声慈悲

298
00:09:52,717 --> 00:09:54,155
这些也可能不是善

299
00:09:54,476 --> 00:09:56,152
甚至可能是大恶

300
00:09:56,734 --> 00:09:57,333
讲到这里

301
00:09:57,454 --> 00:09:58,672
我必须停一下

302
00:09:58,773 --> 00:10:00,633
做一个非常重要的提醒

303
00:10:00,814 --> 00:10:02,473
我刚才说的这个翻转

304
00:10:02,533 --> 00:10:04,713
听起来可能让一些人很兴奋

305
00:10:04,893 --> 00:10:05,093
哦

306
00:10:05,574 --> 00:10:07,012
原来佛学这么开放

307
00:10:07,413 --> 00:10:09,412
那我以后做点什么出格的事

308
00:10:09,413 --> 00:10:10,973
只要我说我是为了你好

309
00:10:10,974 --> 00:10:11,973
就是善知识了

310
00:10:12,694 --> 00:10:12,892
不

311
00:10:13,293 --> 00:10:14,233
不是这样

312
00:10:14,574 --> 00:10:18,792
华严经没有给任何人发超越道德的免责通行证

313
00:10:18,974 --> 00:10:21,953
婆须蜜多和无厌足王能做这些事

314
00:10:21,974 --> 00:10:23,593
有一个绝对的前提

315
00:10:23,814 --> 00:10:26,272
他们已经亲证了如幻解脱

316
00:10:26,373 --> 00:10:27,253
也就是说

317
00:10:27,253 --> 00:10:30,512
他们已经看穿了一切现象的虚幻本质

318
00:10:30,653 --> 00:10:33,152
他们的内心是绝对清明的

319
00:10:33,174 --> 00:10:35,473
没有任何贪欲和嗔恨的

320
00:10:36,013 --> 00:10:37,873
他们做这些行为的动机

321
00:10:37,893 --> 00:10:40,353
百分之百是为了对方的觉醒

322
00:10:40,454 --> 00:10:41,772
没有一丝一毫

323
00:10:41,773 --> 00:10:44,432
是为了自己的快感 利益 面子

324
00:10:44,613 --> 00:10:46,312
普通人没有走到这一步

325
00:10:46,334 --> 00:10:47,892
你模仿他们的行为

326
00:10:47,893 --> 00:10:49,432
只会变成两件事

327
00:10:49,533 --> 00:10:51,692
要么是给自己的欲望找借口

328
00:10:51,694 --> 00:10:53,953
要么是给自己的暴戾找伪装

329
00:10:54,413 --> 00:10:56,133
所以华严经的这个深意

330
00:10:56,133 --> 00:10:58,613
不是给你一个突破道德的许可证

331
00:10:58,613 --> 00:11:01,384
而是给你一个识别真伪的尺子

332
00:11:01,684 --> 00:11:03,163
当你下次遇到一个人

333
00:11:03,164 --> 00:11:05,984
在思考他到底是不是真正的善人的时候

334
00:11:06,125 --> 00:11:07,923
不要只看他的行为表面

335
00:11:07,924 --> 00:11:09,443
要看他做这件事的功能

336
00:11:09,845 --> 00:11:10,923
他在你身边

337
00:11:10,924 --> 00:11:12,163
让你越来越清明

338
00:11:12,404 --> 00:11:13,484
还是越来越混乱

339
00:11:14,085 --> 00:11:14,923
越来越自由

340
00:11:15,164 --> 00:11:16,244
还是越来越依赖

341
00:11:16,804 --> 00:11:18,384
越来越能直面自己

342
00:11:18,445 --> 00:11:20,083
还是越来越会自我欺骗

343
00:11:20,684 --> 00:11:21,844
如果是前者

344
00:11:21,845 --> 00:11:24,423
哪怕他骂你打你让你下不来台

345
00:11:24,485 --> 00:11:26,264
他可能是你的善知识

346
00:11:26,365 --> 00:11:27,443
如果是后者

347
00:11:27,445 --> 00:11:29,563
哪怕他天天对你嘘寒问暖

348
00:11:29,564 --> 00:11:30,663
说尽好话

349
00:11:30,684 --> 00:11:31,563
他在功能上

350
00:11:31,845 --> 00:11:33,744
可能正在把你往坑里推

351
00:11:34,164 --> 00:11:36,724
这才是华严经那五十三参

352
00:11:36,725 --> 00:11:39,047
真正想教给你的鉴别力

353
00:11:39,589 --> 00:11:40,888
我再扯远一点

354
00:11:41,268 --> 00:11:42,648
两千五百年前

355
00:11:42,749 --> 00:11:46,248
在印度恒河边的婆须蜜多和无厌足王

356
00:11:46,308 --> 00:11:47,628
讲这套道理的同时

357
00:11:48,109 --> 00:11:49,648
中国的春秋时期

358
00:11:49,668 --> 00:11:52,728
有一位老人也讲过几乎一模一样的话

359
00:11:53,229 --> 00:11:55,728
老子在道德经里说过一句话

360
00:11:55,948 --> 00:11:58,167
天下皆知美之为美

361
00:11:58,268 --> 00:11:59,248
斯恶已

362
00:11:59,428 --> 00:12:00,748
皆知善之为善

363
00:12:01,148 --> 00:12:02,327
斯不善已

364
00:12:02,349 --> 00:12:04,087
我用大白话翻一遍

365
00:12:04,389 --> 00:12:07,547
天下人都知道把美定义成某个样子

366
00:12:07,548 --> 00:12:10,207
这个动作本身就已经是丑了

367
00:12:10,349 --> 00:12:13,347
天下人都知道把善定义成某个样子

368
00:12:13,349 --> 00:12:15,167
那不善就出现了

369
00:12:15,428 --> 00:12:18,023
你品一品这句话的杀伤力

370
00:12:18,604 --> 00:12:19,663
老子在说

371
00:12:19,683 --> 00:12:22,143
你一旦把善固定成一个标签

372
00:12:22,163 --> 00:12:24,143
比如做好事就是善

373
00:12:24,244 --> 00:12:26,422
你就同时制造了它的反面

374
00:12:26,443 --> 00:12:28,342
不做好事就是不善

375
00:12:28,523 --> 00:12:31,422
然后人们就开始执着于这个标签

376
00:12:31,484 --> 00:12:34,462
开始为了被认为是善人而做事

377
00:12:34,563 --> 00:12:37,462
而不是为了真正利益对方而做事

378
00:12:37,683 --> 00:12:39,062
这个执着本身

379
00:12:39,084 --> 00:12:41,643
就让善变成了一种新的枷锁

380
00:12:41,643 --> 00:12:43,103
一种新的我执

381
00:12:43,764 --> 00:12:44,942
老子的洞见

382
00:12:44,964 --> 00:12:47,442
跟华严经在不同的语言系统里

383
00:12:47,443 --> 00:12:48,942
指向同一个真相

384
00:12:49,163 --> 00:12:50,643
善不是一个标签

385
00:12:51,004 --> 00:12:52,702
不是一种行为分类

386
00:12:52,884 --> 00:12:54,442
一旦你把它变成标签

387
00:12:54,764 --> 00:12:55,783
它就死了

388
00:12:56,643 --> 00:12:59,422
它就变成了一种用来分别你我

389
00:12:59,443 --> 00:13:02,302
分别高下 分别是非的工具

390
00:13:02,484 --> 00:13:05,342
而不再是它原本想表达的那个东西

391
00:13:06,759 --> 00:13:08,058
所以你回头看

392
00:13:08,238 --> 00:13:10,737
你念了一辈子的那些佛经词

393
00:13:11,319 --> 00:13:12,977
善男子善女人

394
00:13:13,118 --> 00:13:16,698
它根本不是在说心地善良的男人和女人

395
00:13:17,039 --> 00:13:17,718
它是在说

396
00:13:17,998 --> 00:13:20,298
你这个走在觉醒路上的人

397
00:13:20,439 --> 00:13:23,097
你这个有志于看清实相的人

398
00:13:23,559 --> 00:13:26,257
善在这里是一个修行的方向

399
00:13:26,439 --> 00:13:27,977
不是一个道德评价

400
00:13:28,358 --> 00:13:29,277
善知识

401
00:13:29,279 --> 00:13:32,298
它根本不是在说心地善良的好老师

402
00:13:32,519 --> 00:13:33,158
它是在说

403
00:13:33,478 --> 00:13:35,497
任何能让你觉醒的存在

404
00:13:36,198 --> 00:13:39,578
这个存在可以是一位德高望重的高僧

405
00:13:39,598 --> 00:13:42,698
也可以是一个让你恨得牙痒痒的对手

406
00:13:42,759 --> 00:13:45,958
可以是你的孩子 你的伴侣 你的老板

407
00:13:45,958 --> 00:13:49,137
甚至可以是一场让你彻底崩溃的疾病

408
00:13:49,358 --> 00:13:52,017
只要它最终把你导向觉醒

409
00:13:52,039 --> 00:13:54,482
它就是你的善知识

410
00:13:54,902 --> 00:13:55,661
诸恶莫作

411
00:13:55,943 --> 00:13:57,082
众善奉行

412
00:13:57,262 --> 00:13:59,462
它也不是在说不要做坏事

413
00:13:59,703 --> 00:14:00,762
多做好事

414
00:14:01,142 --> 00:14:02,122
它是在说

415
00:14:02,142 --> 00:14:06,041
不要做任何让你和众生陷入更深迷惑的事

416
00:14:06,142 --> 00:14:10,041
要做任何能让你和众生导向更深觉醒的事

417
00:14:10,422 --> 00:14:11,362
这个标准

418
00:14:11,382 --> 00:14:14,641
远远高于世俗道德的好人坏人分类

419
00:14:15,063 --> 00:14:16,502
我必须坦诚地说一句

420
00:14:16,902 --> 00:14:17,742
这个理解

421
00:14:17,742 --> 00:14:19,342
对绝大多数人来说

422
00:14:19,343 --> 00:14:21,962
反而比做好人的理解更难做到

423
00:14:22,262 --> 00:14:24,362
因为做好人是有标准的

424
00:14:24,583 --> 00:14:25,901
你不偷不抢不骗

425
00:14:26,502 --> 00:14:27,602
你乐于助人

426
00:14:27,742 --> 00:14:28,622
你尊老爱幼

427
00:14:28,983 --> 00:14:30,041
你就是好人

428
00:14:30,343 --> 00:14:32,202
这个标准是社会化的

429
00:14:32,262 --> 00:14:34,531
可以模仿的 可以打卡的

430
00:14:34,752 --> 00:14:35,391
但行善

431
00:14:35,671 --> 00:14:37,330
按照华严经的标准

432
00:14:37,472 --> 00:14:38,730
是没有标准的

433
00:14:38,992 --> 00:14:40,470
你今天对一个人柔软

434
00:14:40,752 --> 00:14:41,771
可能是善

435
00:14:41,911 --> 00:14:43,171
也可能是纵容

436
00:14:43,352 --> 00:14:44,830
你明天对一个人严厉

437
00:14:45,152 --> 00:14:46,171
可能是善

438
00:14:46,191 --> 00:14:47,450
也可能是发泄

439
00:14:47,711 --> 00:14:49,950
判断的依据不在你的行为

440
00:14:49,951 --> 00:14:51,251
而在你的动机

441
00:14:51,311 --> 00:14:55,051
以及这个行为对对方意识演化的真实功能

442
00:14:55,352 --> 00:14:55,950
这意味着

443
00:14:56,352 --> 00:14:57,371
真正的善

444
00:14:57,472 --> 00:15:00,450
需要你时刻保持一份极深的觉察

445
00:15:00,632 --> 00:15:01,791
觉察自己的动机

446
00:15:02,112 --> 00:15:03,651
觉察对方的状态

447
00:15:03,671 --> 00:15:06,771
觉察这个互动正在把对方导向哪里

448
00:15:06,951 --> 00:15:09,690
它不能被外包给任何道德规则

449
00:15:09,711 --> 00:15:10,791
它只能由你自己

450
00:15:11,191 --> 00:15:12,551
在每一个当下

451
00:15:12,551 --> 00:15:15,462
去亲自判断 亲自承担

452
00:15:15,763 --> 00:15:17,702
这就是为什么华严经说

453
00:15:17,803 --> 00:15:20,741
觉悟的路上有五十三种善知识

454
00:15:21,002 --> 00:15:23,501
你要见的不是五十三个好人

455
00:15:23,602 --> 00:15:26,741
你要见的是五十三个真实的境界

456
00:15:27,002 --> 00:15:31,221
每一个境界都在挑战你什么是善的固有定义

457
00:15:31,443 --> 00:15:32,361
每一次挑战

458
00:15:32,683 --> 00:15:34,562
都在松动你心里那个

459
00:15:34,563 --> 00:15:38,381
被社会化死死焊在你脑子里的善的标签

460
00:15:38,643 --> 00:15:40,342
等你走完五十三参

461
00:15:40,403 --> 00:15:43,302
你不再用任何标签去判断善

462
00:15:43,443 --> 00:15:44,922
你只是在每一个当下

463
00:15:45,322 --> 00:15:46,101
看见

464
00:15:46,242 --> 00:15:49,662
看见动机 看见功能 看见结果

465
00:15:49,842 --> 00:15:50,662
那个时候

466
00:15:50,683 --> 00:15:55,021
你才真正配得上善男子或善女人这个称号

467
00:15:55,842 --> 00:15:57,861
不是因为你做了多少好事

468
00:15:57,923 --> 00:15:59,562
而是因为你的眼睛

469
00:15:59,563 --> 00:16:02,162
第一次在不戴标签的情况下

470
00:16:02,163 --> 00:16:03,880
看清了世界

471
00:16:04,140 --> 00:16:05,580
那这一期讲到这里

472
00:16:05,581 --> 00:16:07,399
我必须留一个问题给你

473
00:16:07,581 --> 00:16:09,720
我刚才花了二十分钟告诉你

474
00:16:09,780 --> 00:16:12,320
善在佛学里不是道德标签

475
00:16:12,380 --> 00:16:13,620
而是功能判断

476
00:16:13,981 --> 00:16:15,919
能导向觉醒就是善

477
00:16:16,020 --> 00:16:18,000
会导向沉沦就是恶

478
00:16:18,260 --> 00:16:19,220
那么问题来了

479
00:16:19,620 --> 00:16:21,419
如果善和恶的判断

480
00:16:21,421 --> 00:16:24,200
完全取决于它把众生导向哪里

481
00:16:24,260 --> 00:16:25,299
那是不是意味着

482
00:16:25,540 --> 00:16:27,519
在某些极端情境下

483
00:16:27,581 --> 00:16:28,779
杀人也可以是善

484
00:16:29,221 --> 00:16:30,766
救人也可以是恶

485
00:16:31,326 --> 00:16:33,745
佛经里其实记载过这样的故事

486
00:16:33,926 --> 00:16:35,365
释迦牟尼在某一世

487
00:16:35,566 --> 00:16:37,085
曾经在一艘船上

488
00:16:37,086 --> 00:16:40,926
亲手杀死了一个准备屠杀全船五百人的强盗

489
00:16:40,926 --> 00:16:41,445
经文说

490
00:16:41,806 --> 00:16:42,766
他这样做

491
00:16:42,767 --> 00:16:44,245
救了五百个人的命

492
00:16:44,247 --> 00:16:48,386
同时阻止了那个强盗造下杀五百人的极重恶业

493
00:16:48,527 --> 00:16:51,585
让他在死后不至于堕入最深的地狱

494
00:16:51,966 --> 00:16:53,945
这是一桩杀人的善行

495
00:16:54,367 --> 00:16:54,886
反过来

496
00:16:55,127 --> 00:16:56,465
你救一个人的命

497
00:16:56,487 --> 00:16:59,166
如果这个救助让他从此依赖你

498
00:16:59,167 --> 00:17:00,205
丧失独立

499
00:17:00,206 --> 00:17:02,386
变成一个永远长不大的灵魂

500
00:17:02,487 --> 00:17:04,382
这件事是善还是恶

501
00:17:04,983 --> 00:17:05,921
我不知道

502
00:17:06,343 --> 00:17:07,022
我只知道

503
00:17:07,383 --> 00:17:09,282
一旦你认真接受了

504
00:17:09,302 --> 00:17:11,921
华严经这个功能判断的标准

505
00:17:12,103 --> 00:17:16,481
你就再也不能用世俗的好人坏人那套简单的标签

506
00:17:16,543 --> 00:17:18,122
去看待这个世界了

507
00:17:18,502 --> 00:17:21,041
你要承担一份更重的责任

508
00:17:21,182 --> 00:17:22,362
用你的觉察

509
00:17:22,462 --> 00:17:25,961
去亲自判断每一个当下的善与恶

510
00:17:26,422 --> 00:17:29,201
这可能就是修行最难的部分

511
00:17:29,222 --> 00:17:31,253
也是最自由的部分

512
00:17:31,595 --> 00:17:33,194
对于这一期内容你怎么看

513
00:17:33,835 --> 00:17:34,993
在你的人生里

514
00:17:34,994 --> 00:17:37,333
有没有一个表面看起来很好的人

515
00:17:37,435 --> 00:17:39,154
实际上一直在让你变得更糟

516
00:17:39,714 --> 00:17:42,214
或者有没有一个表面看起来很坏的事

517
00:17:42,274 --> 00:17:43,593
反而让你彻底觉醒

518
00:17:44,195 --> 00:17:45,033
对于下一期

519
00:17:45,314 --> 00:17:46,773
你想让我聊点什么

520
00:17:46,835 --> 00:17:49,127
欢迎在评论区告诉我

521
00:17:49,639 --> 00:17:50,173
我是王利杰

522
00:17:50,322 --> 00:17:51,166
我们下期见