1
00:00:00,345 --> 00:00:01,933
哈耶克最后一发子弹

2
00:00:02,225 --> 00:00:03,431
对准了聪明人

3
00:00:03,662 --> 00:00:04,450
一九八八年

4
00:00:04,782 --> 00:00:06,511
这个老人八十九岁了

5
00:00:06,662 --> 00:00:08,030
身体已经不太行

6
00:00:08,142 --> 00:00:09,710
记忆力也开始出问题

7
00:00:09,941 --> 00:00:11,550
可他非要再写一本书

8
00:00:11,781 --> 00:00:13,271
这不是什么新想法

9
00:00:13,341 --> 00:00:15,230
是他攒了四十年的旧账

10
00:00:15,462 --> 00:00:17,941
四十年前他就想说清楚一件事

11
00:00:17,941 --> 00:00:18,990
一直没说透

12
00:00:19,582 --> 00:00:23,110
通往奴役之路 说的是好心铺的路会通向哪里

13
00:00:23,182 --> 00:00:25,071
这最后一本要倒回去

14
00:00:25,101 --> 00:00:28,405
看看那条路到底是从什么念头上起步的

15
00:00:28,637 --> 00:00:30,366
他活了将近一个世纪

16
00:00:30,477 --> 00:00:34,346
亲眼看着二十世纪最大的那个信念从萌芽到高潮

17
00:00:34,837 --> 00:00:36,925
人的理性可以接管一切

18
00:00:37,236 --> 00:00:38,185
科学在进步

19
00:00:38,437 --> 00:00:39,685
技术在加速

20
00:00:39,757 --> 00:00:41,806
聪明人越来越有理由相信

21
00:00:41,837 --> 00:00:44,276
只要给够数据 给够权力

22
00:00:44,276 --> 00:00:47,245
就能把文明像机器一样拆开重装

23
00:00:47,676 --> 00:00:49,225
哈耶克看着这股洪流

24
00:00:49,517 --> 00:00:50,725
摇了一辈子头

25
00:00:51,077 --> 00:00:52,316
这最后一本书

26
00:00:52,316 --> 00:00:54,126
是一个摇了一辈子头的人

27
00:00:54,157 --> 00:00:55,846
最后的完整论证

28
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书名叫 致命的自负

29
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副标题很直白

30
00:00:59,642 --> 00:01:01,092
社会主义的谬误

31
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但你别被副标题带偏了

32
00:01:03,483 --> 00:01:06,242
这本书真正的靶心不是某个主义

33
00:01:06,243 --> 00:01:07,731
是一种心理状态

34
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一种人类最体面也最危险的自信

35
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我的理性

36
00:01:12,162 --> 00:01:13,692
足以设计文明

37
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哈喽

38
00:01:15,063 --> 00:01:15,531
大家好

39
00:01:15,942 --> 00:01:16,951
我是王利杰

40
00:01:17,142 --> 00:01:19,072
我们之前用佛学的角度

41
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拆过哈耶克的 通往奴役之路

42
00:01:21,703 --> 00:01:23,431
看见了善执的结构

43
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好心画一张总图纸

44
00:01:25,662 --> 00:01:27,352
一步步走向控制

45
00:01:27,543 --> 00:01:29,171
今天这本 致命的自负

46
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是哈耶克在更深一层追问

47
00:01:32,142 --> 00:01:35,212
人为什么会觉得自己有能力画那张图

48
00:01:35,823 --> 00:01:38,031
这个问题背后藏着一个词

49
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佛学讲了两千五百年

50
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哈耶克用了一辈子

51
00:01:42,222 --> 00:01:43,751
指的是同一样东西

52
00:01:44,142 --> 00:01:46,151
这个词我先按下不表

53
00:01:46,744 --> 00:01:49,393
他一九七四年拿了诺贝尔经济学奖

54
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获奖演讲的题目值得玩味

55
00:01:51,744 --> 00:01:53,053
叫 知识的僭妄

56
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僭妄就是越界

57
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不该你管的你偏要管

58
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他当着全世界的面说

59
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我们这些搞经济学的

60
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很多人犯了一个致命的错误

61
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就是假装自己拥有其实没有人拥有的知识

62
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然后在这个假装的基础上给出建议

63
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制定政策

64
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注意

65
00:02:11,664 --> 00:02:13,664
他说的不是某些经济学家

66
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他说的是我们

67
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一个刚拿到诺贝尔奖的人

68
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上台第一件事是告诉全场

69
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包括我在内

70
00:02:20,545 --> 00:02:22,393
我们都可能在犯这个错

71
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这场仗不是哈耶克一个人打的

72
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在他之前

73
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他的老师米塞斯早在一九二零年就开了第一枪

74
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米塞斯写了一篇论文

75
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意思简单到粗暴

76
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没有市场价格

77
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你连一双鞋该生产多少都算不出来

78
00:02:38,255 --> 00:02:39,684
因为价格不是标签

79
00:02:39,975 --> 00:02:40,865
是信号

80
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几百万人的需求 偏好 处境

81
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全压缩在一个数字里

82
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你把价格取消了

83
00:02:47,216 --> 00:02:48,814
取消的不是一个数字

84
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是几百万人说话的通道

85
00:02:51,456 --> 00:02:53,985
哈耶克从他老师手里接过这支枪

86
00:02:54,056 --> 00:02:56,744
从三十年代一路打到八十年代

87
00:02:56,776 --> 00:02:59,199
从年轻人打成了老人

88
00:02:59,390 --> 00:03:01,020
从那场获奖演讲算起

89
00:03:01,431 --> 00:03:02,479
十四年后

90
00:03:02,550 --> 00:03:03,879
这最后一本书

91
00:03:03,991 --> 00:03:06,560
就是这支枪的最后一颗子弹

92
00:03:06,871 --> 00:03:09,120
核心论点可以压成两句话

93
00:03:09,335 --> 00:03:09,819
第一句

94
00:03:10,271 --> 00:03:12,960
人类文明里最重要的那些秩序

95
00:03:12,991 --> 00:03:15,759
道德 法律 市场 语言

96
00:03:15,991 --> 00:03:18,199
没有一样是谁设计出来的

97
00:03:18,311 --> 00:03:20,879
全是漫长的演化里长出来的

98
00:03:21,110 --> 00:03:21,620
第二句

99
00:03:22,070 --> 00:03:23,279
致命的自负

100
00:03:23,311 --> 00:03:26,560
就是以为理性可以替代这个演化过程

101
00:03:26,630 --> 00:03:28,749
以为聪明人坐下来想一想

102
00:03:28,751 --> 00:03:32,159
就能想出一套比几千年试错更好的方案

103
00:03:32,762 --> 00:03:35,652
他管这种心理叫理性的建构主义

104
00:03:36,042 --> 00:03:36,671
就是相信

105
00:03:37,042 --> 00:03:39,332
凡是好的制度 好的规则

106
00:03:39,403 --> 00:03:42,531
一定是某个聪明人或者一群聪明人

107
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坐下来用理性设计出来的

108
00:03:45,403 --> 00:03:47,131
如果你接受这个前提

109
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下一步就自然了

110
00:03:48,922 --> 00:03:50,921
既然好东西是设计出来的

111
00:03:50,922 --> 00:03:52,932
那我们来设计一个更好的吧

112
00:03:53,322 --> 00:03:53,951
再下一步

113
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既然我们能设计更好的

114
00:03:56,243 --> 00:03:58,092
那旧的就该被替换

115
00:03:58,602 --> 00:03:59,231
再下一步

116
00:03:59,602 --> 00:04:00,892
谁反对替换

117
00:04:00,963 --> 00:04:02,251
谁就是落后的

118
00:04:02,723 --> 00:04:03,552
不需要恶意

119
00:04:03,882 --> 00:04:05,251
只需要一个起点

120
00:04:05,283 --> 00:04:07,291
一个对理性的过度信任

121
00:04:07,362 --> 00:04:09,984
整条链子就自己展开了

122
00:04:10,215 --> 00:04:10,404
好

123
00:04:10,896 --> 00:04:13,024
佛学的镜头可以推上来了

124
00:04:13,215 --> 00:04:14,644
我按下不表的那个词

125
00:04:14,935 --> 00:04:16,144
现在可以说了

126
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哈耶克描述的这个东西

127
00:04:18,096 --> 00:04:19,584
在佛学里叫慢

128
00:04:19,847 --> 00:04:22,056
不是傲慢的那个粗糙的慢

129
00:04:22,568 --> 00:04:25,496
佛学把它归在人心最深的毛病里面

130
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比傲慢细得多

131
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傲慢是觉得我比你强

132
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好认

133
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慢的核心结构不是我比你强

134
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是我知道

135
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就这三个字

136
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我知道什么是对的

137
00:04:37,967 --> 00:04:39,616
我知道怎么做更好

138
00:04:39,767 --> 00:04:41,457
我知道你需要什么

139
00:04:41,728 --> 00:04:43,616
它不需要看不起任何人

140
00:04:43,647 --> 00:04:45,726
它只需要对自己的判断

141
00:04:45,728 --> 00:04:47,856
有一种不被审查的确信

142
00:04:48,511 --> 00:04:51,240
你可能觉得这是哲学家才有的毛病

143
00:04:51,472 --> 00:04:52,660
其实你低头想想

144
00:04:52,912 --> 00:04:54,480
生活里到处都是

145
00:04:54,672 --> 00:04:55,941
你在公司干了十年

146
00:04:56,271 --> 00:04:57,670
新来一个年轻人

147
00:04:57,672 --> 00:04:59,600
用了一个你没见过的方法

148
00:04:59,631 --> 00:05:00,780
你第一反应是什么

149
00:05:01,232 --> 00:05:03,360
不是去看那个方法好不好用

150
00:05:03,391 --> 00:05:04,780
是心里先咯噔一下

151
00:05:05,151 --> 00:05:06,100
我做了十年

152
00:05:06,391 --> 00:05:07,621
我还不知道怎么做吗

153
00:05:08,312 --> 00:05:09,720
这一下就是慢

154
00:05:09,992 --> 00:05:11,751
你不是在评估方法

155
00:05:11,752 --> 00:05:13,300
你是在守护一个身份

156
00:05:13,672 --> 00:05:15,240
我是懂的那个人

157
00:05:15,947 --> 00:05:16,945
你有没有觉得

158
00:05:16,947 --> 00:05:19,356
这和哈耶克说的致命的自负

159
00:05:19,426 --> 00:05:20,695
几乎是同一个东西

160
00:05:21,466 --> 00:05:22,296
致命的自负

161
00:05:22,627 --> 00:05:24,276
就是致命的慢

162
00:05:24,644 --> 00:05:25,793
理性的建构主义

163
00:05:26,125 --> 00:05:27,454
就是思维的慢

164
00:05:27,964 --> 00:05:30,213
你的想法以为自己是老板

165
00:05:30,324 --> 00:05:32,533
其实它只是个新闻发言人

166
00:05:32,764 --> 00:05:34,204
真正在运转的

167
00:05:34,204 --> 00:05:37,173
是那个比任何个体都大得多的秩序

168
00:05:37,444 --> 00:05:38,553
你可以叫它传统

169
00:05:38,964 --> 00:05:40,254
可以叫它演化

170
00:05:40,404 --> 00:05:41,233
在佛学里

171
00:05:41,444 --> 00:05:42,973
你可以叫它缘起

172
00:05:43,365 --> 00:05:44,434
没有人设计了它

173
00:05:44,764 --> 00:05:46,254
它自己在流动

174
00:05:47,039 --> 00:05:49,688
你想想一棵树怎么长起来的

175
00:05:49,919 --> 00:05:52,328
没有人设计过叶子的排列方式

176
00:05:52,398 --> 00:05:55,128
可每片叶子都恰好接得到阳光

177
00:05:55,479 --> 00:05:56,428
根往哪里伸

178
00:05:56,758 --> 00:05:58,087
不是谁规划的

179
00:05:58,119 --> 00:06:00,368
是水在哪里它就去哪里

180
00:06:00,559 --> 00:06:03,198
你要给一棵树画一张生长图纸

181
00:06:03,198 --> 00:06:04,287
按图施工

182
00:06:04,318 --> 00:06:06,248
种出来的一定是假花

183
00:06:06,599 --> 00:06:07,587
文明也是这样

184
00:06:07,878 --> 00:06:09,328
道德也是这样

185
00:06:09,438 --> 00:06:11,368
它们需要的不是设计师

186
00:06:11,438 --> 00:06:13,047
是土壤和时间

187
00:06:13,438 --> 00:06:14,748
而思维跳出来说

188
00:06:15,198 --> 00:06:16,568
我来替你安排

189
00:06:16,799 --> 00:06:17,888
这就是慢

190
00:06:18,415 --> 00:06:21,823
这就引出哈耶克这本书里最有意思的一个洞察

191
00:06:22,174 --> 00:06:22,564
他说

192
00:06:23,014 --> 00:06:25,143
人类社会之所以能运转

193
00:06:25,215 --> 00:06:27,624
靠的不是理性理解了规则

194
00:06:27,655 --> 00:06:31,184
而是人们遵守了自己并不完全理解的规则

195
00:06:31,655 --> 00:06:33,163
道德不是想出来的

196
00:06:33,455 --> 00:06:34,663
是试出来的

197
00:06:34,855 --> 00:06:36,783
什么该做什么不该做

198
00:06:36,814 --> 00:06:39,134
不是哪个哲学家推演的结果

199
00:06:39,134 --> 00:06:41,854
是无数代人活过了 死过了

200
00:06:41,855 --> 00:06:43,184
留下来的结果

201
00:06:43,415 --> 00:06:44,413
你遵守它

202
00:06:44,415 --> 00:06:46,703
不是因为你理解了它为什么对

203
00:06:46,735 --> 00:06:50,134
而是因为遵守它的群体活下来了

204
00:06:50,406 --> 00:06:52,004
佛学里有一个概念

205
00:06:52,006 --> 00:06:53,935
能精确接住这一段

206
00:06:54,365 --> 00:06:55,814
叫所知障

207
00:06:56,245 --> 00:06:56,874
障碍的障

208
00:06:57,406 --> 00:06:58,615
所知道的知

209
00:06:59,206 --> 00:07:01,254
它障住的不是别的

210
00:07:01,446 --> 00:07:03,175
就是你看见的能力

211
00:07:03,605 --> 00:07:05,685
而最常挡住这个能力的

212
00:07:05,685 --> 00:07:07,774
恰恰是你已经知道的东西

213
00:07:08,683 --> 00:07:09,892
初听很奇怪

214
00:07:10,163 --> 00:07:11,072
无明是障碍

215
00:07:11,363 --> 00:07:12,372
这好理解

216
00:07:12,563 --> 00:07:14,212
不知道当然会犯错

217
00:07:14,483 --> 00:07:15,151
可佛学说

218
00:07:15,522 --> 00:07:16,892
知道也是障碍

219
00:07:16,923 --> 00:07:18,572
而且是更深的那一层

220
00:07:18,786 --> 00:07:19,272
为什么

221
00:07:19,762 --> 00:07:21,882
因为当你觉得自己知道的时候

222
00:07:21,882 --> 00:07:23,252
你就停下来了

223
00:07:23,363 --> 00:07:24,531
你不再看了

224
00:07:24,723 --> 00:07:26,892
你用已知去覆盖未知

225
00:07:26,962 --> 00:07:28,692
用答案去堵住问题

226
00:07:29,082 --> 00:07:30,851
你收集了一百个道理

227
00:07:30,882 --> 00:07:32,411
每一个道理都没错

228
00:07:32,563 --> 00:07:34,562
可这一百个道理叠在一起

229
00:07:34,563 --> 00:07:35,772
变成了一面墙

230
00:07:36,322 --> 00:07:37,231
墙后面的东西

231
00:07:37,642 --> 00:07:39,117
你再也看不见了

232
00:07:39,309 --> 00:07:42,477
哈耶克花了一辈子在经济学里论证的事情

233
00:07:42,629 --> 00:07:44,818
用所知障三个字就说完了

234
00:07:45,268 --> 00:07:46,518
你知道的越多

235
00:07:46,549 --> 00:07:48,917
你以为自己能设计的就越多

236
00:07:48,989 --> 00:07:51,838
你对那些你不知道的东西就越盲目

237
00:07:52,229 --> 00:07:53,057
致命的自负

238
00:07:53,309 --> 00:07:55,477
就是致命的所知障

239
00:07:56,109 --> 00:07:58,398
知识不是照亮前路的灯

240
00:07:58,828 --> 00:08:01,958
知识是你以为前路已经被照亮的时候

241
00:08:02,189 --> 00:08:04,357
脚下悄悄长出来的墙

242
00:08:04,743 --> 00:08:04,931
好

243
00:08:05,303 --> 00:08:06,132
镜头转过来

244
00:08:06,423 --> 00:08:07,152
照自己

245
00:08:07,543 --> 00:08:09,152
你有没有过这种时刻

246
00:08:09,582 --> 00:08:10,372
读了很多书

247
00:08:10,702 --> 00:08:11,952
听了很多道理

248
00:08:11,983 --> 00:08:13,471
突然觉得想通了

249
00:08:13,983 --> 00:08:15,692
想通以后你做了什么

250
00:08:16,342 --> 00:08:17,551
你开始规划

251
00:08:18,063 --> 00:08:19,911
你拿着想通的那个结论

252
00:08:19,983 --> 00:08:21,471
去规划你的人生

253
00:08:21,902 --> 00:08:23,911
几岁之前应该完成什么

254
00:08:23,942 --> 00:08:25,632
什么样的关系是对的

255
00:08:25,663 --> 00:08:28,132
什么样的状态才叫活明白了

256
00:08:28,483 --> 00:08:33,051
哈耶克给这种心态起了个学术名字叫理性建构主义

257
00:08:33,322 --> 00:08:35,471
我把它翻译成六个字的日常版

258
00:08:36,043 --> 00:08:37,491
想明白了再活

259
00:08:37,896 --> 00:08:39,385
你品品这六个字

260
00:08:39,695 --> 00:08:40,925
说出来轻飘飘的

261
00:08:41,295 --> 00:08:42,265
可你数数

262
00:08:42,295 --> 00:08:45,824
你人生里有多少决定被这六个字拦住了

263
00:08:46,016 --> 00:08:47,064
它的意思是

264
00:08:47,095 --> 00:08:50,344
活着这件事需要先拿到一个正确答案

265
00:08:50,415 --> 00:08:51,984
然后按答案执行

266
00:08:52,215 --> 00:08:54,944
你的人生不是一条你正在走的路

267
00:08:55,055 --> 00:08:57,185
是一张你应该临摹的图纸

268
00:08:57,376 --> 00:08:59,814
你把生命变成了一道工程题

269
00:08:59,815 --> 00:09:02,145
把每一天变成了施工进度

270
00:09:02,376 --> 00:09:03,765
有进度就有落后

271
00:09:04,095 --> 00:09:05,785
有落后就有焦虑

272
00:09:05,976 --> 00:09:07,974
焦虑不是因为你活得不好

273
00:09:07,976 --> 00:09:10,104
是因为你活得跟图纸不一样

274
00:09:11,042 --> 00:09:12,250
你再看看身边

275
00:09:12,481 --> 00:09:13,231
有没有一个朋友

276
00:09:13,682 --> 00:09:15,250
三十五岁还没结婚

277
00:09:15,521 --> 00:09:16,191
不是不想

278
00:09:16,521 --> 00:09:18,160
是觉得自己还没准备好

279
00:09:18,162 --> 00:09:19,691
要再想清楚一点

280
00:09:20,001 --> 00:09:21,051
有没有一个人

281
00:09:21,121 --> 00:09:23,890
辞职创业之前列了五十条清单

282
00:09:24,042 --> 00:09:26,331
每一条都要打勾才敢迈步

283
00:09:26,402 --> 00:09:28,120
结果清单越列越长

284
00:09:28,121 --> 00:09:30,051
那一步永远迈不出去

285
00:09:30,521 --> 00:09:31,231
他们不是懒

286
00:09:31,641 --> 00:09:32,490
也不是怕

287
00:09:32,841 --> 00:09:34,081
他们只是相信

288
00:09:34,082 --> 00:09:36,130
存在一个想通了的终点

289
00:09:36,322 --> 00:09:38,851
到了那个终点一切就会顺利

290
00:09:39,442 --> 00:09:41,051
可是那个终点不存在

291
00:09:41,721 --> 00:09:44,370
路从来不是想通了才能走的

292
00:09:44,601 --> 00:09:46,081
路是走着走着

293
00:09:46,082 --> 00:09:47,571
自己慢慢通的

294
00:09:48,703 --> 00:09:49,832
你有没有发现

295
00:09:49,864 --> 00:09:53,293
这和哈耶克说的致命的自负结构上一模一样

296
00:09:53,904 --> 00:09:54,732
大的版本是

297
00:09:55,063 --> 00:09:57,393
理性可以设计一个更好的文明

298
00:09:57,664 --> 00:09:58,492
小的版本是

299
00:09:58,744 --> 00:10:00,992
理性可以设计一个更好的我

300
00:10:01,384 --> 00:10:02,263
大的那个

301
00:10:02,264 --> 00:10:04,913
用几千万人的自由来验证代价

302
00:10:05,303 --> 00:10:06,183
小的这个

303
00:10:06,183 --> 00:10:08,643
用你每天的焦虑来验证代价

304
00:10:09,114 --> 00:10:11,122
修行的人也掉这个坑

305
00:10:11,713 --> 00:10:12,663
经背了不少

306
00:10:13,114 --> 00:10:13,823
论也读了

307
00:10:14,154 --> 00:10:15,202
空也知道

308
00:10:15,313 --> 00:10:16,222
缘起也知道

309
00:10:16,514 --> 00:10:17,643
无我也知道

310
00:10:18,073 --> 00:10:18,582
然后呢

311
00:10:19,514 --> 00:10:21,043
然后你拿这些知道

312
00:10:21,274 --> 00:10:23,403
去衡量自己修到了第几步

313
00:10:23,833 --> 00:10:25,992
你觉得自己应该不起烦恼了

314
00:10:25,994 --> 00:10:27,513
结果还是会生气

315
00:10:27,514 --> 00:10:28,362
就焦虑

316
00:10:28,713 --> 00:10:30,513
你觉得自己应该放下了

317
00:10:30,514 --> 00:10:31,913
结果还是会难过

318
00:10:31,914 --> 00:10:32,803
就自责

319
00:10:33,313 --> 00:10:34,982
所知障就是这样工作的

320
00:10:35,353 --> 00:10:36,962
你学的东西没有错

321
00:10:37,073 --> 00:10:39,043
但你把它变成了一把尺子

322
00:10:39,073 --> 00:10:40,323
每天量自己

323
00:10:40,593 --> 00:10:41,943
量出来的不是智慧

324
00:10:42,193 --> 00:10:43,163
是差距

325
00:10:44,137 --> 00:10:45,006
你要是打过坐

326
00:10:45,257 --> 00:10:46,666
这个体会更直接

327
00:10:46,897 --> 00:10:49,246
很多人第一次坐之前先做功课

328
00:10:49,737 --> 00:10:50,467
看书

329
00:10:50,538 --> 00:10:51,166
查方法

330
00:10:51,497 --> 00:10:53,546
要把原理搞清楚了再坐

331
00:10:53,818 --> 00:10:54,607
坐下来以后

332
00:10:54,938 --> 00:10:56,416
脑子一边在安静

333
00:10:56,418 --> 00:10:57,947
一边在给自己打分

334
00:10:58,458 --> 00:10:59,847
刚才那五分钟没走神

335
00:11:00,097 --> 00:11:00,746
不错

336
00:11:01,017 --> 00:11:01,207
哎

337
00:11:01,578 --> 00:11:02,286
又走神了

338
00:11:02,538 --> 00:11:03,266
差评

339
00:11:03,617 --> 00:11:05,587
你把打坐变成了考试

340
00:11:05,658 --> 00:11:07,987
把觉知变成了监考老师

341
00:11:08,257 --> 00:11:09,207
你知道得越多

342
00:11:09,497 --> 00:11:11,256
你出的考卷就越难

343
00:11:11,257 --> 00:11:12,707
你就永远不及格

344
00:11:13,097 --> 00:11:14,827
有些老修行人说过

345
00:11:14,897 --> 00:11:16,707
初学的时候进步最快

346
00:11:16,818 --> 00:11:18,786
学到后来反而卡住了

347
00:11:18,818 --> 00:11:19,847
不是功夫退了

348
00:11:20,058 --> 00:11:21,626
是知道太多了

349
00:11:22,218 --> 00:11:22,926
那些知道

350
00:11:23,218 --> 00:11:24,817
一层一层垒起来

351
00:11:24,818 --> 00:11:25,727
变成了一堵墙

352
00:11:26,178 --> 00:11:28,462
把你自己围在里面了

353
00:11:28,812 --> 00:11:29,613
说到这里

354
00:11:29,614 --> 00:11:31,982
我要说一说哈耶克停下来的地方

355
00:11:32,374 --> 00:11:34,222
他看见了理性的天花板

356
00:11:34,453 --> 00:11:36,302
他花了一辈子告诉世界

357
00:11:36,413 --> 00:11:39,822
演化出来的秩序比设计出来的秩序更可靠

358
00:11:40,053 --> 00:11:42,342
传统比蓝图更值得信任

359
00:11:42,573 --> 00:11:44,102
这是了不起的洞见

360
00:11:44,413 --> 00:11:46,982
但是他对那个做判断的心本身

361
00:11:47,053 --> 00:11:48,342
没有再往下看

362
00:11:48,614 --> 00:11:49,003
他说

363
00:11:49,293 --> 00:11:50,623
我们应该谦虚

364
00:11:50,653 --> 00:11:53,302
应该承认自己不知道的比知道的多

365
00:11:53,897 --> 00:11:54,527
可你想想

366
00:11:54,858 --> 00:11:56,226
这个谦虚本身

367
00:11:56,338 --> 00:11:57,627
还是一个知道

368
00:11:58,018 --> 00:12:00,066
我知道自己不知道

369
00:12:00,458 --> 00:12:01,846
这句话里有几个知道

370
00:12:02,417 --> 00:12:03,226
两个

371
00:12:03,858 --> 00:12:05,926
所知障的彻底之处就在这里

372
00:12:06,378 --> 00:12:08,336
连你觉得自己已经谦虚了

373
00:12:08,338 --> 00:12:10,808
都可以变成新一轮的确信

374
00:12:11,079 --> 00:12:12,399
他看见了那道墙

375
00:12:12,399 --> 00:12:13,958
但他站在墙的这一边

376
00:12:13,960 --> 00:12:15,889
用理性的语言描述它

377
00:12:16,159 --> 00:12:18,848
佛学不是站在墙的另一边喊你过来

378
00:12:19,039 --> 00:12:20,509
佛学是让你看见

379
00:12:20,840 --> 00:12:22,249
你和那道墙

380
00:12:22,319 --> 00:12:23,609
是同一个东西

381
00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:26,169
分别心建造了那道墙

382
00:12:26,279 --> 00:12:30,289
分别心也建造了那个觉得自己在看墙的你

383
00:12:30,600 --> 00:12:31,068
这一步

384
00:12:31,399 --> 00:12:33,088
不是哈耶克的失误

385
00:12:33,120 --> 00:12:34,328
是他的边界

386
00:12:34,760 --> 00:12:36,688
他把能做的都做了

387
00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:37,828
剩下的那一步

388
00:12:38,079 --> 00:12:39,529
是另一条路上的事

389
00:12:40,013 --> 00:12:40,762
一九九二年

390
00:12:41,013 --> 00:12:41,882
哈耶克走了

391
00:12:42,172 --> 00:12:43,181
九十二岁

392
00:12:43,493 --> 00:12:45,622
他在学术界孤独了几十年

393
00:12:45,812 --> 00:12:47,981
诺贝尔奖迟到了快三十年

394
00:12:48,212 --> 00:12:49,581
等到八十年代末

395
00:12:49,613 --> 00:12:51,382
历史终于替他说了话

396
00:12:51,572 --> 00:12:53,461
世界重新翻开他的书

397
00:12:53,572 --> 00:12:57,262
发现这个老人几十年前写的每一句都在兑现

398
00:12:57,733 --> 00:13:00,422
但他从来不是为了被证明对才写的

399
00:13:00,773 --> 00:13:02,181
他从来没有改口

400
00:13:02,452 --> 00:13:05,461
一个人能在整个世界都在画图纸的年代

401
00:13:05,493 --> 00:13:06,802
坚持说图纸有问题

402
00:13:07,373 --> 00:13:08,772
不管你叫它什么

403
00:13:08,773 --> 00:13:11,607
这份定力里头有一样东西是真的

404
00:13:11,878 --> 00:13:13,487
最后一个问题留给你

405
00:13:13,797 --> 00:13:17,107
你心里有没有一个想明白了再活的念头

406
00:13:17,637 --> 00:13:20,326
你攒了多少条道理 多少个规划

407
00:13:20,358 --> 00:13:22,676
在等着有一天全部想通了

408
00:13:22,677 --> 00:13:24,426
才允许自己真正开始活

409
00:13:25,358 --> 00:13:26,027
那些道理

410
00:13:26,277 --> 00:13:27,566
是在照亮你的路

411
00:13:27,598 --> 00:13:29,066
还是已经变成了你的墙

412
00:13:30,617 --> 00:13:31,286
我是王利杰

413
00:13:31,617 --> 00:13:32,707
我们下期见