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唐吉诃德和南柯一梦

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藏着醒来的两条路

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一个西班牙乡下的瘦老头

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把转动的风车看成了挥舞手臂的巨人

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端起长矛就冲了上去

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结果被风车的翼板掀翻在地

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连人带马摔进泥里

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几乎在同一种荒诞里

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八百年前的一个唐朝人

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在自家院子的大槐树下喝醉睡着

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梦见自己娶了公主

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做了二十年的太守

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生了七个孩子

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享尽荣华

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醒来一看

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太阳还没下山

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桌上那杯酒还是温的

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一个向外冲

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把假的当真去厮杀

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一个向内沉

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在梦里活了一整个人生

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隔着半个地球

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隔着八百年

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这两个男人

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做的其实是同一件事

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他们都把一个不存在的东西

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当成了自己的整个世界

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并且为它倾尽了一生

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哈喽

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大家好

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我是王利杰

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今天咱们做一件有意思的事

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把西班牙的 唐吉诃德

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和中国唐朝的 南柯太守传

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摆在一张桌子上

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用佛学的眼睛同时照一照这两个做梦的人

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你会发现

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他们不只是都在做梦

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更要命的是

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他们醒来之后

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走上了两条完全相反的路

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而这两条路

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恰好就是东方和西方

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面对人生这场大梦时

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给出的两种答案

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咱们先说东方这位

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他叫淳于棼

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是个使酒任性的豪侠之士

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家宅的南边有一棵很大的古槐树

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枝叶遮天

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有一天他过生日喝多了

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被人扶到廊下休息

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迷迷糊糊之间

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来了两个穿紫衣的使者

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说奉国王之命来请他

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他就跟着上了车

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车子直直驶进了槐树底下的一个树洞

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进去之后是另一个天地

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叫大槐安国

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国王对他客客气气

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把金枝公主嫁给了他

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又派他去做南柯郡的太守

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这一去就是二十年

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他把南柯治理得井井有条

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百姓爱戴

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政绩斐然

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公主给他生了五个儿子

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两个女儿

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他位极人臣

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富贵荣华

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走到了一个凡人能想象的人生顶点

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可是好景不会一直在

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邻国檀萝国突然来犯

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他派兵迎战

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大败

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紧接着

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相伴二十年的金枝公主又病死了

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国王开始疏远他

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对他起了疑心

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最后干脆下令

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送他回老家去

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还是那两个紫衣使者

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把他从树洞里送了出来

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他一睁眼

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人还躺在自家的廊下

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夕阳还挂在西墙上没落下去

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东边窗户下那杯没喝完的酒

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余温都还在

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梦里的几十年荣辱

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现实里不过是一顿午觉的工夫

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更让他脊背发凉的

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是后面这一下

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他叫人挖开那个槐树洞

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往里一看

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是一个巨大的蚂蚁巢

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中间有个土台

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密密麻麻聚着一群蚂蚁

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两只大蚂蚁守在当中

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这就是大槐安国的王城

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再顺着槐树的南枝挖下去

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又是一个蚁穴

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那就是他当了二十年太守的南柯郡

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他梦里那个金碧辉煌

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生死荣辱的一生

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原来就是一窝蚂蚁

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淳于棼当场就悟了

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他感慨人生的虚幻就像这南柯一梦

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从此戒了酒色

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把心收进了道门

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三年之后

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安安静静地病逝在家里

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这是东方的醒法

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看破

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放下

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转身出世

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一个掘开蚁穴的动作

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让他把整个人间都看成了蚂蚁窝

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好

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现在咱们把镜头切到西班牙

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那是个穷乡绅

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叫阿隆索 吉哈诺

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住在拉曼却的乡下

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他没什么大毛病

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就一样

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太爱读骑士小说了

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读着读着

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脑子读坏了

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他坚信那些游侠骑士斩妖除魔

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行侠仗义的故事全是真的

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而且这个世界正等着一位新的骑士去拯救

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于是他给自己改名叫唐吉诃德

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找出一副生了锈的祖传盔甲

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牵出一匹瘦得皮包骨头的老马

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给马取了个无比威风的名字

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他还在心里认定邻村一个普通的农家姑娘

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是他要终身效忠的高贵夫人

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他又连哄带骗

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拉上一个老实巴交的农民桑丘做侍从

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许诺将来打下江山

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封他做一个海岛的总督

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然后这一老一少就上路了

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接下来发生的

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全是我们今天还在笑的事

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他把空旷田野里的几十架风车

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看成了挥舞着长臂的巨人

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大喊着冲上去决斗

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被狠狠甩飞

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他把路过的一群羊

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当成了两支交战的大军

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他把乡下的小客栈当成城堡

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把理发师顶在头上挡雨的铜盆

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当成传说中那顶神奇的头盔

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硬是抢了过来戴在自己头上

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他三次出门游侠

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闹了一路的笑话

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挨了一路的打

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几乎没赢过一次

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在所有人眼里

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他就是个彻头彻尾的疯子

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故事的结尾

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是他的同乡设了一个局

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一个年轻人假扮成白月骑士

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跟他决斗

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把他打败了

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按照骑士的规矩

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要求他回家

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一年之内不许再出来游侠

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唐吉诃德认输了

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垂头丧气地回了家

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一回去就病倒在床上

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接下来是整部书最重的一笔

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他高烧了几天

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昏睡过去

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再醒来的时候

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忽然清醒了

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他平静地宣布

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他不再是什么骑士唐吉诃德了

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他就是那个普普通通的好人

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阿隆索 吉哈诺

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他开始痛骂那些害人的骑士小说

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立下遗嘱

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说外甥女要想继承他的财产

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将来绝不能嫁给一个读骑士小说的人

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床边的桑丘哭成了泪人

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扑过去拉住他说

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您别死啊主人

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您快起来

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咱们到野地里当牧羊人去

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接着过游侠的日子

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可是唐吉诃德摇摇头

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他清醒地 理智地

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承认了自己这一生的荒唐

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然后在众人的哭声里

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咽了气

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你听出这两个结局的差别了吗

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淳于棼是看破了梦

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转身走进了另一种安宁

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唐吉诃德是被现实打碎了梦

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然后清醒地 心碎地死去

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一个的醒

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通向解脱

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一个的醒

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通向幻灭和死亡

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东方让人出世修道

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西方让人含恨断气

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同样是从一场大梦里醒来

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怎么会走出两条这么不一样的路

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要回答这个

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咱们得请出佛学这把显微镜了

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佛学里有一个词

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叫遍计所执

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意思是说

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我们的心

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会把它自己投射出来的影子

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当成一个真实 独立 确定的东西

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死死抓住不放

217
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你看见的那个世界

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很大一部分不是世界本身

219
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而是你的心给它编出来的故事

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然后你信了

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你执着了

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唐吉诃德的巨人

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就是遍计所执最直白的样子

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风车是风车

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这是事实

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可在他的心里

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风车上面盖了一层厚厚的故事

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那层故事告诉他

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这是巨人

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是必须铲除的恶

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他冲上去搏斗的

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从来不是真的风车

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而是他自己心里那个巨人

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淳于棼也一样

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那窝蚂蚁是真的

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可他的心给这窝蚂蚁盖上了一整套

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00:07:47,417 --> 00:07:50,994
国家 婚姻 官职 儿女的剧本

238
00:07:51,136 --> 00:07:54,095
他在那套剧本里哭过笑过爱过

239
00:07:54,097 --> 00:07:55,194
活了二十年

240
00:07:55,496 --> 00:07:57,095
他效忠的那个王国

241
00:07:57,097 --> 00:07:59,335
和唐吉诃德效忠的那位夫人

242
00:07:59,336 --> 00:08:00,913
本质上是同一个东西

243
00:08:01,136 --> 00:08:02,494
都是心投射出来

244
00:08:02,696 --> 00:08:04,913
又被自己当真的一团影子

245
00:08:05,719 --> 00:08:06,315
所以你看

246
00:08:06,678 --> 00:08:08,375
第一层的答案出来了

247
00:08:08,558 --> 00:08:09,396
这两个故事

248
00:08:09,719 --> 00:08:11,615
根本就是同一个故事

249
00:08:11,878 --> 00:08:14,216
一个东方人和一个西方人

250
00:08:14,238 --> 00:08:15,075
隔着八百年

251
00:08:15,438 --> 00:08:16,856
用各自的方式

252
00:08:16,918 --> 00:08:20,238
画出了同一张关于人类心识的地图

253
00:08:20,238 --> 00:08:21,075
我们每一个人

254
00:08:21,438 --> 00:08:22,517
多多少少

255
00:08:22,519 --> 00:08:25,135
都活在自己版本的大槐安国里

256
00:08:25,279 --> 00:08:26,875
都对着自己版本的风车

257
00:08:27,318 --> 00:08:28,375
举着长矛

258
00:08:29,133 --> 00:08:30,950
不过在往下走之前

259
00:08:30,972 --> 00:08:33,869
我想先点一个很多人会忽略的差别

260
00:08:34,092 --> 00:08:34,690
这两个梦

261
00:08:35,013 --> 00:08:36,869
做的方式其实不一样

262
00:08:37,292 --> 00:08:38,090
淳于棼的梦

263
00:08:38,493 --> 00:08:40,030
是被动落进去的

264
00:08:40,332 --> 00:08:41,089
他喝醉了

265
00:08:41,453 --> 00:08:42,549
使者来请

266
00:08:42,892 --> 00:08:44,350
车子开进树洞

267
00:08:44,573 --> 00:08:46,209
他是被一整套因缘

268
00:08:46,813 --> 00:08:50,530
那棵槐树 那窝蚂蚁 那场酒 那个午后

269
00:08:50,972 --> 00:08:52,789
稀里糊涂地卷进去的

270
00:08:52,972 --> 00:08:54,890
佛学管这种叫依他起

271
00:08:55,372 --> 00:08:56,172
意思是

272
00:08:56,173 --> 00:08:58,750
一切现象都不是凭空冒出来的

273
00:08:58,813 --> 00:09:02,150
而是靠着种种条件凑在一起才显现的

274
00:09:02,453 --> 00:09:04,052
他在梦里是真信的

275
00:09:04,053 --> 00:09:05,990
他根本不知道自己在做梦

276
00:09:06,092 --> 00:09:07,929
要等到醒来掘开蚁穴

277
00:09:08,252 --> 00:09:09,589
才恍然大悟

278
00:09:10,035 --> 00:09:11,372
唐吉诃德不一样

279
00:09:11,675 --> 00:09:12,191
他的梦

280
00:09:12,474 --> 00:09:14,252
是他自己主动选的

281
00:09:14,435 --> 00:09:17,292
他清醒地知道别人都说那是风车

282
00:09:17,394 --> 00:09:19,732
可他偏要相信那是巨人

283
00:09:19,994 --> 00:09:21,632
他不是被骗进梦里的

284
00:09:21,915 --> 00:09:23,074
他是用意志

285
00:09:23,075 --> 00:09:24,772
硬把这个平庸的世界

286
00:09:24,795 --> 00:09:28,091
重新染成了一个值得他去战斗的世界

287
00:09:28,394 --> 00:09:29,191
某种程度上

288
00:09:29,435 --> 00:09:31,372
他比淳于棼更清醒

289
00:09:31,394 --> 00:09:32,532
也更固执

290
00:09:32,874 --> 00:09:34,793
这是一个人睁着眼睛

291
00:09:34,795 --> 00:09:36,571
给自己造了一场梦

292
00:09:36,955 --> 00:09:39,372
一个是被命运卷进梦

293
00:09:39,514 --> 00:09:42,051
一个是用意志造出梦

294
00:09:42,435 --> 00:09:43,392
记住这个差别

295
00:09:43,754 --> 00:09:45,273
因为它直接决定了

296
00:09:45,274 --> 00:09:47,331
他们后来是怎么醒的

297
00:09:47,615 --> 00:09:49,213
可是更有意思的

298
00:09:49,495 --> 00:09:50,513
是第二层

299
00:09:50,896 --> 00:09:51,532
这两个梦

300
00:09:51,936 --> 00:09:53,952
醒的方式为什么不一样

301
00:09:54,656 --> 00:09:58,113
这里我想请你注意一个很容易被忽略的细节

302
00:09:58,656 --> 00:10:00,332
淳于棼是怎么醒的

303
00:10:01,056 --> 00:10:02,812
他是被一个动作叫醒的

304
00:10:03,255 --> 00:10:04,672
他挖开了树洞

305
00:10:04,735 --> 00:10:06,593
亲眼看见了那窝蚂蚁

306
00:10:06,776 --> 00:10:08,912
他看见了那场梦的硬件

307
00:10:09,056 --> 00:10:11,473
看见了那个金碧辉煌的国家

308
00:10:11,656 --> 00:10:14,753
物理上不过是一堆泥土和虫子

309
00:10:15,056 --> 00:10:16,113
东方的醒

310
00:10:16,176 --> 00:10:19,713
是一种看见底层真相之后的 彻底的醒

311
00:10:20,215 --> 00:10:20,853
看见了

312
00:10:21,056 --> 00:10:22,832
整个幻象就塌了

313
00:10:22,896 --> 00:10:26,152
连同对幻象的所有留恋一起塌掉

314
00:10:26,255 --> 00:10:27,052
人就空了

315
00:10:27,255 --> 00:10:27,893
就静了

316
00:10:28,095 --> 00:10:29,672
就走进道门了

317
00:10:30,719 --> 00:10:32,076
唐吉诃德是怎么醒的

318
00:10:32,519 --> 00:10:34,336
他不是看见了什么真相

319
00:10:34,438 --> 00:10:37,296
他是被现实反复地 暴力地打败

320
00:10:37,479 --> 00:10:38,316
风车打他

321
00:10:38,438 --> 00:10:39,576
羊群踩他

322
00:10:39,599 --> 00:10:42,775
最后白月骑士骑在他身上逼他认输

323
00:10:43,078 --> 00:10:44,096
西方的醒

324
00:10:44,158 --> 00:10:46,936
是理想被现实碾碎之后的醒

325
00:10:47,078 --> 00:10:48,716
他不是看穿了骑士梦

326
00:10:49,038 --> 00:10:50,317
他是打不过了

327
00:10:50,318 --> 00:10:52,535
被迫承认骑士梦行不通

328
00:10:52,838 --> 00:10:53,916
所以他的醒里

329
00:10:54,239 --> 00:10:55,296
没有解脱

330
00:10:55,399 --> 00:10:58,398
只有一个老人面对自己一生荒唐时

331
00:10:58,399 --> 00:11:00,535
那种深到骨头里的悲凉

332
00:11:00,798 --> 00:11:01,995
一个是觉悟

333
00:11:02,239 --> 00:11:03,696
一个是认命

334
00:11:04,119 --> 00:11:06,296
一个是从里面把灯关掉

335
00:11:06,359 --> 00:11:08,696
一个是被外面把灯打破

336
00:11:09,639 --> 00:11:11,696
难怪一个走向出世的安宁

337
00:11:11,759 --> 00:11:13,735
一个走向心碎的死亡

338
00:11:14,705 --> 00:11:15,343
讲到这儿

339
00:11:15,506 --> 00:11:18,064
如果只是分出东西方高下

340
00:11:18,065 --> 00:11:19,385
那就太浅了

341
00:11:19,386 --> 00:11:21,522
也不是我们这个频道要干的事

342
00:11:21,665 --> 00:11:23,522
我想往前再走一步

343
00:11:23,585 --> 00:11:26,203
问一个连这两本书都没有回答的问题

344
00:11:26,626 --> 00:11:27,622
醒来之后呢

345
00:11:28,305 --> 00:11:29,823
淳于棼掘开蚁穴

346
00:11:30,106 --> 00:11:31,122
戒了酒色

347
00:11:31,146 --> 00:11:32,642
把心收进道门

348
00:11:32,825 --> 00:11:34,402
这听起来很高级

349
00:11:34,626 --> 00:11:36,042
可是你有没有想过

350
00:11:36,106 --> 00:11:38,145
这会不会只是从一个梦

351
00:11:38,146 --> 00:11:39,223
跳进了另一个梦

352
00:11:39,746 --> 00:11:42,203
他从前死死抓着富贵功名

353
00:11:42,305 --> 00:11:44,923
现在死死抓着一个叫修道的东西

354
00:11:45,266 --> 00:11:46,343
抓的对象变了

355
00:11:46,665 --> 00:11:47,744
那个抓的手

356
00:11:47,746 --> 00:11:50,282
那个非要抓住点什么才安心的心

357
00:11:50,465 --> 00:11:51,183
松开了吗

358
00:11:52,185 --> 00:11:53,162
真正的醒

359
00:11:53,185 --> 00:11:54,742
是不是连我已经醒了

360
00:11:54,986 --> 00:11:56,944
我要去修道这个念头

361
00:11:56,945 --> 00:11:58,183
也要轻轻放下

362
00:11:59,499 --> 00:12:00,916
再看唐吉诃德

363
00:12:01,339 --> 00:12:03,436
他临终前否定了骑士

364
00:12:03,459 --> 00:12:05,355
回归了那个理智的阿隆索

365
00:12:05,859 --> 00:12:07,416
书把这写成一种清醒

366
00:12:07,658 --> 00:12:09,076
一种回头是岸

367
00:12:09,658 --> 00:12:11,835
可是床边那个哭着的桑丘

368
00:12:11,898 --> 00:12:14,778
喊出了一句惊人的话 别死啊

369
00:12:14,778 --> 00:12:16,436
咱们再去游侠吧

370
00:12:17,018 --> 00:12:18,475
你品一品这句话

371
00:12:18,938 --> 00:12:21,235
那个一直被当成傻瓜的侍从

372
00:12:21,379 --> 00:12:24,156
那个最务实 最接地气的农民

373
00:12:24,298 --> 00:12:25,375
在最后的时刻

374
00:12:25,658 --> 00:12:27,635
居然不要主人清醒

375
00:12:27,739 --> 00:12:29,635
他要主人继续做梦

376
00:12:30,138 --> 00:12:31,255
到底谁醒了

377
00:12:31,778 --> 00:12:34,056
是那个清醒地否定了一生热爱

378
00:12:34,298 --> 00:12:36,276
然后失去生命的阿隆索

379
00:12:36,379 --> 00:12:37,576
还是那个疯狂着

380
00:12:37,818 --> 00:12:40,936
却把每一天都活得滚烫的唐吉诃德

381
00:12:42,099 --> 00:12:44,417
如果清醒带来的是幻灭和死亡

382
00:12:44,418 --> 00:12:45,355
这个清醒

383
00:12:45,379 --> 00:12:46,735
会不会也是一种执着

384
00:12:47,058 --> 00:12:49,416
一种对真实 对正确的执着

385
00:12:50,058 --> 00:12:52,258
西方文学把清醒当成了终点

386
00:12:52,258 --> 00:12:53,457
可佛学要问

387
00:12:53,459 --> 00:12:54,696
你确定那是终点

388
00:12:54,938 --> 00:12:56,135
不是又一堵墙吗

389
00:12:57,015 --> 00:12:57,571
到这里

390
00:12:57,974 --> 00:12:59,171
佛学真正的答案

391
00:12:59,494 --> 00:13:00,551
才浮出来

392
00:13:00,815 --> 00:13:02,531
它不站在淳于棼那一边说

393
00:13:02,935 --> 00:13:03,853
梦是假的

394
00:13:03,854 --> 00:13:05,232
赶紧醒来出世

395
00:13:05,415 --> 00:13:07,171
它也不站在桑丘那一边说

396
00:13:07,535 --> 00:13:08,493
既然是梦

397
00:13:08,494 --> 00:13:10,191
那就尽情地疯下去

398
00:13:10,614 --> 00:13:12,531
佛学走的是中间那条路

399
00:13:12,935 --> 00:13:13,911
它叫这个

400
00:13:13,935 --> 00:13:15,112
空有不二

401
00:13:15,502 --> 00:13:15,972
什么意思

402
00:13:16,614 --> 00:13:17,691
真正醒透的人

403
00:13:17,974 --> 00:13:19,512
是知道这是一场梦

404
00:13:19,614 --> 00:13:21,051
知道风车不是巨人

405
00:13:21,295 --> 00:13:22,872
知道功名是蚁穴

406
00:13:23,015 --> 00:13:24,431
可是他不逃

407
00:13:24,574 --> 00:13:25,732
他依然认认真真

408
00:13:25,974 --> 00:13:28,311
热气腾腾地活在这场梦里

409
00:13:28,895 --> 00:13:29,931
他在梦里行侠

410
00:13:30,214 --> 00:13:31,392
在梦里爱人

411
00:13:31,415 --> 00:13:33,232
在梦里把南柯治理好

412
00:13:33,334 --> 00:13:35,252
但他心里那根弦清清楚楚

413
00:13:35,895 --> 00:13:37,071
我知道这是梦

414
00:13:37,134 --> 00:13:38,752
所以我不被它绑架

415
00:13:38,854 --> 00:13:40,613
也正因为知道这是梦

416
00:13:40,614 --> 00:13:43,174
我才能真正温柔地 不带恐惧地

417
00:13:43,175 --> 00:13:44,311
活在它里面

418
00:13:44,794 --> 00:13:46,650
这就好比一个人在看电影

419
00:13:46,673 --> 00:13:48,673
看到动情处他真的会流泪

420
00:13:48,673 --> 00:13:49,270
会揪心

421
00:13:49,514 --> 00:13:51,091
会为主角捏一把汗

422
00:13:51,394 --> 00:13:52,351
但他始终知道

423
00:13:52,673 --> 00:13:53,611
这是电影

424
00:13:53,914 --> 00:13:54,430
灯一亮

425
00:13:54,713 --> 00:13:55,793
他擦擦眼泪

426
00:13:55,794 --> 00:13:58,331
平平静静站起来走出影院

427
00:13:58,754 --> 00:14:00,930
他既没有冷冰冰地拒绝入戏

428
00:14:01,034 --> 00:14:03,890
也没有看完就崩溃说人生没有意义

429
00:14:04,114 --> 00:14:05,111
他全程投入

430
00:14:05,274 --> 00:14:06,611
又全程自由

431
00:14:07,154 --> 00:14:08,913
淳于棼最高的境界

432
00:14:08,914 --> 00:14:10,930
本不该是吓得逃进道门

433
00:14:10,953 --> 00:14:12,632
而该是带着那份知梦

434
00:14:12,634 --> 00:14:14,111
重新回到扬州的日子

435
00:14:14,394 --> 00:14:15,513
该吃饭吃饭

436
00:14:15,514 --> 00:14:16,770
该做事做事

437
00:14:16,914 --> 00:14:19,731
只是心里再也不会被一窝蚂蚁绑架

438
00:14:20,713 --> 00:14:22,513
唐吉诃德最动人的地方

439
00:14:22,514 --> 00:14:25,010
也从来不是临终那一刻的清醒

440
00:14:25,073 --> 00:14:27,510
而是他疯的时候那份说不清的东西

441
00:14:28,114 --> 00:14:29,832
明明知道前面是风车

442
00:14:29,833 --> 00:14:31,890
可我选择成为一个骑士

443
00:14:32,073 --> 00:14:32,871
你发现没有

444
00:14:33,193 --> 00:14:34,553
最高级的活法

445
00:14:34,553 --> 00:14:35,592
不是醒着

446
00:14:35,593 --> 00:14:36,510
也不是睡着

447
00:14:36,754 --> 00:14:38,571
而是在梦里睁着眼

448
00:14:38,953 --> 00:14:39,992
所以下次

449
00:14:39,994 --> 00:14:43,091
当你又对着生活里某一架风车较劲的时候

450
00:14:43,233 --> 00:14:45,971
当你又为某一个其实是蚁穴的东西

451
00:14:46,034 --> 00:14:47,811
拼到精疲力尽的时候

452
00:14:47,994 --> 00:14:50,711
也许可以在心里轻轻问自己一句

453
00:14:51,154 --> 00:14:53,112
我现在冲过去要打的

454
00:14:53,114 --> 00:14:54,632
到底是真的巨人

455
00:14:54,634 --> 00:14:58,430
还是我自己心里盖在风车上的那层故事

456
00:14:59,394 --> 00:14:59,831
这个问题

457
00:15:00,313 --> 00:15:01,290
我留给你

458
00:15:01,553 --> 00:15:02,510
我也很想听听

459
00:15:02,914 --> 00:15:04,211
在你的人生里

460
00:15:04,233 --> 00:15:07,010
那架让你举了半辈子长矛的风车

461
00:15:07,154 --> 00:15:08,010
是什么

462
00:15:08,274 --> 00:15:09,790
你后来看清它了吗

463
00:15:10,353 --> 00:15:11,331
看清之后

464
00:15:11,433 --> 00:15:14,050
你是像淳于棼一样转身走开

465
00:15:14,114 --> 00:15:16,433
还是学会了在梦里睁着眼

466
00:15:16,433 --> 00:15:17,750
继续认真地活

467
00:15:18,353 --> 00:15:20,130
在评论区告诉我

468
00:15:20,274 --> 00:15:20,991
我是王利杰

469
00:15:21,031 --> 00:15:22,506
我们下期见