1 00:00:00,366 --> 00:00:02,966 Are talent and root tools the same thing? 2 00:00:03,066 --> 00:00:06,200 There must be people like this around you - learn anything fast 3 00:00:06,233 --> 00:00:07,500 Do anything 4 00:00:07,533 --> 00:00:10,233 He can learn something that others have practiced hard for three years in three months 5 00:00:11,066 --> 00:00:12,066 People will say 6 00:00:12,066 --> 00:00:12,866 This man has a gift 7 00:00:13,766 --> 00:00:16,033 And you've heard the other one, I'm sure. 8 00:00:17,100 --> 00:00:19,433 In Buddhism, it is said that a person "has good root organs" 9 00:00:19,433 --> 00:00:22,000 It is said that the sixth ancestor Hui Neng is the "upper root device" 10 00:00:22,033 --> 00:00:23,733 I became enlightened as soon as I heard the < Diamond Sutra > 11 00:00:24,633 --> 00:00:27,266 These two words sound as if they are saying the same thing. 12 00:00:27,266 --> 00:00:30,166 Some people are born better than others 13 00:00:31,066 --> 00:00:32,266 But is that really the case? 14 00:00:32,300 --> 00:00:32,533 Hello 15 00:00:32,566 --> 00:00:33,300 Hello. 16 00:00:33,333 --> 00:00:33,933 I am Wang Lijie 17 00:00:34,733 --> 00:00:38,200 And what I want to do today is I want to take talent and root organ apart. 18 00:00:39,166 --> 00:00:41,866 One from Western psychology and genetics 19 00:00:41,866 --> 00:00:44,266 A Buddhist tradition dating back 2,500 years 20 00:00:45,200 --> 00:00:47,400 They seem to be saying the same thing 21 00:00:47,433 --> 00:00:48,800 But dismantled to the bone 22 00:00:48,800 --> 00:00:51,766 You'll notice they measure completely different dimensions 23 00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:53,466 And what's even more interesting is 24 00:00:53,466 --> 00:00:54,966 Their respective blind spots 25 00:00:54,966 --> 00:00:56,200 Happens to be the opponent's territory 26 00:00:56,600 --> 00:00:57,233 Talent first 27 00:00:57,966 --> 00:00:59,800 Talent in a Western context 28 00:00:59,833 --> 00:01:01,866 The most hardcore representative is the IQ test 29 00:01:02,666 --> 00:01:07,666 In 1905, French psychologist Binet developed the first IQ test. 30 00:01:07,666 --> 00:01:10,833 It was originally designed to help identify children who require special education support 31 00:01:11,533 --> 00:01:13,166 But it quickly became generalized. 32 00:01:13,900 --> 00:01:17,200 People started using a number to define how smart a person is. 33 00:01:18,466 --> 00:01:20,266 Your IQ is 120. 34 00:01:20,266 --> 00:01:21,666 His is 140. 35 00:01:21,700 --> 00:01:22,833 So he's smarter than you. 36 00:01:23,666 --> 00:01:25,366 Simple, crude, intuitive. 37 00:01:25,966 --> 00:01:28,366 But what do IQ tests actually measure? 38 00:01:28,466 --> 00:01:31,233 It mainly measures logical reasoning and pattern recognition 39 00:01:31,833 --> 00:01:33,866 Working memory and information processing speed 40 00:01:34,600 --> 00:01:35,266 Pay attention to this range 41 00:01:35,933 --> 00:01:38,933 It measures the efficiency of specific functions in your brain 42 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:40,866 It's not about creativity. 43 00:01:40,900 --> 00:01:42,166 Unexpected EQ 44 00:01:42,166 --> 00:01:44,466 Your resilience in the face of adversity 45 00:01:44,466 --> 00:01:47,200 Your ability to perceive the emotions of others 46 00:01:47,233 --> 00:01:51,233 And even more so, do you have the courage to make the right choice at the crucial moment? 47 00:01:51,733 --> 00:01:53,000 1983 48 00:01:53,000 --> 00:01:56,400 Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner has proposed 49 00:01:56,400 --> 00:01:57,233 Multiple Intelligences Theory 50 00:01:58,066 --> 00:02:00,700 He believes that human intelligence is not single 51 00:02:00,733 --> 00:02:01,433 It's pluralistic. 52 00:02:02,233 --> 00:02:03,933 He initially proposed seven 53 00:02:03,933 --> 00:02:06,466 And then eight -- linguistic intelligence. 54 00:02:07,066 --> 00:02:09,266 Logic, mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligence 55 00:02:09,900 --> 00:02:13,400 Music intelligence, body movement intelligence, interpersonal intelligence 56 00:02:13,966 --> 00:02:16,066 Introspective intelligence, natural observation intelligence 57 00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:21,266 A child who fails math may have a strong musical talent 58 00:02:21,266 --> 00:02:24,900 A socially awkward person may have an extraordinary spatial imagination. 59 00:02:25,966 --> 00:02:28,700 Measure everyone with one IQ number 60 00:02:28,700 --> 00:02:33,033 It's like measuring all shapes with a ruler - you can only measure the length 61 00:02:33,066 --> 00:02:35,333 Can't measure depth, radian and temperature 62 00:02:36,133 --> 00:02:38,433 How much of that talent is innate? 63 00:02:38,633 --> 00:02:41,100 Now this twin study gives us a very interesting statistic. 64 00:02:41,866 --> 00:02:43,000 Among adults 65 00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:45,933 The heritability of IQ is about 60 to 80 percent. 66 00:02:46,700 --> 00:02:47,700 That is to say 67 00:02:47,700 --> 00:02:50,466 Your IQ is 60 to 80 percent genetically determined. 68 00:02:51,233 --> 00:02:52,733 This number surprised a lot of people 69 00:02:53,500 --> 00:02:55,433 It seems that talent is really meant to be 70 00:02:56,200 --> 00:02:56,666 But wait a minute. 71 00:02:57,666 --> 00:03:00,033 Sixty to eighty percent has a premise. 72 00:03:00,066 --> 00:03:03,766 It was measured in people with roughly the same environment 73 00:03:04,666 --> 00:03:08,666 When researchers look at people who grew up in very different environments 74 00:03:08,666 --> 00:03:10,066 A precipitous decline in heritability 75 00:03:10,900 --> 00:03:12,233 In poor families 76 00:03:12,233 --> 00:03:13,966 The heritability of IQ is close to zero. 77 00:03:14,966 --> 00:03:16,066 What does that mean? 78 00:03:16,233 --> 00:03:18,500 Explain that when the environment is bad enough 79 00:03:18,500 --> 00:03:20,166 No matter how good the genes are, they can't play out 80 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:22,600 The environment is the floor of talent 81 00:03:22,600 --> 00:03:23,400 Not the ceiling 82 00:03:23,766 --> 00:03:26,066 There is also an even more amazing phenomenon called the Flynn effect 83 00:03:26,833 --> 00:03:28,366 Throughout the twentieth century 84 00:03:28,366 --> 00:03:30,966 The average global IQ is rising by three points every decade. 85 00:03:31,800 --> 00:03:34,066 Your IQ is nearly ten points higher than your grandfather's 86 00:03:34,900 --> 00:03:37,933 It's not because the human genome has mutated in a hundred years. 87 00:03:38,533 --> 00:03:41,566 Genetic mutations are not so fast - but because of nutrition 88 00:03:41,833 --> 00:03:43,566 The education and information environments have changed 89 00:03:43,866 --> 00:03:44,700 That is to say 90 00:03:44,700 --> 00:03:46,733 We think of it as a gift. 91 00:03:46,766 --> 00:03:49,000 A lot of it is actually shaped by the environment 92 00:03:49,500 --> 00:03:53,000 And then the rise of epigenetics around 2006. 93 00:03:53,900 --> 00:03:55,133 Scientists have discovered that 94 00:03:55,133 --> 00:03:58,133 Environmental factors - stress, nutrition, early experiences 95 00:03:58,666 --> 00:04:01,200 Without changing the genetic sequence 96 00:04:01,233 --> 00:04:02,700 Altering the expression of genes 97 00:04:03,533 --> 00:04:06,233 And this change has the potential to be passed on to the next generation 98 00:04:07,133 --> 00:04:08,233 Your genes haven't changed 99 00:04:08,233 --> 00:04:10,233 But the way your genes are read has changed. 100 00:04:11,066 --> 00:04:12,733 Let's put it all together. 101 00:04:12,733 --> 00:04:14,466 What conclusion will you come to? 102 00:04:14,700 --> 00:04:16,500 Talent is not a fixed number 103 00:04:17,166 --> 00:04:19,800 It's a dynamic product of the interaction between genes and the environment. 104 00:04:20,900 --> 00:04:23,200 You were born with a deck of playing cards 105 00:04:23,200 --> 00:04:25,600 But what kind of situation can this deck play? 106 00:04:25,633 --> 00:04:27,866 It depends on which card table you're at. 107 00:04:27,933 --> 00:04:30,366 What opponents do you meet, and how do you play your cards? 108 00:04:31,166 --> 00:04:35,233 Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck put this insight 109 00:04:35,266 --> 00:04:36,400 It was distilled into two concepts 110 00:04:36,433 --> 00:04:39,133 Fixed mindset and growth mindset 111 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:42,733 People with a fixed mindset believe that talent is innate 112 00:04:43,133 --> 00:04:46,366 Immutable - you are either smart or not 113 00:04:47,333 --> 00:04:51,033 People with a growth mindset believe that abilities can be developed through hard work 114 00:04:51,766 --> 00:04:53,500 Dweck's experimental findings 115 00:04:53,533 --> 00:04:55,800 The kids who get "you're so smart" 116 00:04:55,833 --> 00:04:58,066 It's easier to give up when you encounter difficulties 117 00:04:58,233 --> 00:05:00,566 Because failure means, "I'm not really that smart." 118 00:05:01,500 --> 00:05:03,766 The ones who said, "You work hard." 119 00:05:03,800 --> 00:05:06,366 You're more resilient in the face of adversity. 120 00:05:06,366 --> 00:05:09,000 Because failure just means, "I need to do it differently." 121 00:05:09,933 --> 00:05:12,700 The impact of these two mindsets on one's life 122 00:05:12,700 --> 00:05:14,500 It's bigger than IQ itself. 123 00:05:15,100 --> 00:05:17,300 Her research also revealed a deeper problem 124 00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:20,966 When we label someone "gifted" 125 00:05:20,966 --> 00:05:23,000 We're not just describing him. 126 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:24,900 We're putting a mental framework on him. 127 00:05:25,666 --> 00:05:29,266 This framework says, "Your value comes from your abilities. 128 00:05:29,300 --> 00:05:30,800 And your abilities are fixed 129 00:05:31,500 --> 00:05:32,566 "From now on 130 00:05:32,566 --> 00:05:35,466 Every failure is more than just a failure 131 00:05:35,500 --> 00:05:36,833 It's a threat to who you are. 132 00:05:37,766 --> 00:05:39,933 The children who are labeled as geniuses 133 00:05:39,933 --> 00:05:42,866 As you grow up, you become more afraid of making mistakes and taking risks 134 00:05:43,466 --> 00:05:45,133 Prefer to stay in your comfort zone 135 00:05:45,966 --> 00:05:49,366 Their gift becomes an identity that needs to be protected 136 00:05:49,366 --> 00:05:51,366 It's not something that can be used. 137 00:05:52,433 --> 00:05:54,766 This is one of the deepest traps in Western talent. 138 00:05:54,766 --> 00:05:59,200 It turns a dynamic process into a static label 139 00:05:59,200 --> 00:06:02,400 And this label, in turn, constrains your dynamic process. 140 00:06:03,100 --> 00:06:03,666 OK 141 00:06:03,666 --> 00:06:05,300 Now turn the bow 142 00:06:05,333 --> 00:06:06,366 Let's see what Buddhism has to say 143 00:06:07,366 --> 00:06:08,900 The word "root organ" in Buddhism 144 00:06:08,933 --> 00:06:12,433 Many people understand it as "spiritual talent" - some people have good roots 145 00:06:12,433 --> 00:06:13,733 Enlightened as soon as you hear it 146 00:06:13,733 --> 00:06:15,166 Some people have poor root organs 147 00:06:15,166 --> 00:06:16,033 You can't fix it for a lifetime 148 00:06:16,866 --> 00:06:18,466 If you understand the root organ this way 149 00:06:18,466 --> 00:06:20,633 Then it's basically the same as Western "talent" 150 00:06:21,266 --> 00:06:25,066 It's all about saying that some people are born good and some people are born bad 151 00:06:25,866 --> 00:06:28,066 But this is actually the biggest misreading of the root apparatus 152 00:06:29,133 --> 00:06:32,300 The word root in Sanskrit is indriya. 153 00:06:32,333 --> 00:06:34,233 It means "ability" and "function." 154 00:06:34,233 --> 00:06:35,300 It's not a natural gift. 155 00:06:36,566 --> 00:06:39,033 Why does Buddhism use the word "root"? 156 00:06:39,166 --> 00:06:42,466 Because plant roots have two characteristics: first 157 00:06:42,466 --> 00:06:44,066 It has the ability to grow 158 00:06:44,066 --> 00:06:44,766 second 159 00:06:44,766 --> 00:06:46,433 Its growth direction can change 160 00:06:47,233 --> 00:06:49,266 Roots are not stones - stones are fixed 161 00:06:49,866 --> 00:06:50,966 Roots are alive 162 00:06:50,966 --> 00:06:53,400 It extends towards having water and nutrients. 163 00:06:54,200 --> 00:06:56,866 The core "five roots" in Buddhism are: letter roots 164 00:06:57,366 --> 00:07:00,466 Diligent root, mindfulness root, fixed root, wisdom root 165 00:07:01,400 --> 00:07:04,033 Faith is confidence and a sense of direction 166 00:07:04,033 --> 00:07:06,433 Diligence is continuous effort 167 00:07:06,466 --> 00:07:08,800 Mindfulness is awareness in the present moment 168 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:11,033 Stability is the stability of the mind 169 00:07:11,066 --> 00:07:12,866 Wisdom is the ability to see through essence 170 00:07:13,566 --> 00:07:17,433 These five roots are sequential - letter produces diligence 171 00:07:17,566 --> 00:07:19,233 Diligence generates thoughts 172 00:07:19,266 --> 00:07:20,766 Mindfulness produces determination 173 00:07:20,766 --> 00:07:21,600 Inevitably generate wisdom 174 00:07:22,433 --> 00:07:23,600 Did you notice? 175 00:07:23,733 --> 00:07:24,933 In these five roots 176 00:07:24,933 --> 00:07:26,333 There isn't one called Smart Root. 177 00:07:26,366 --> 00:07:28,700 It's called the IQ root or the learning speed root. 178 00:07:29,866 --> 00:07:33,600 Buddhism doesn't care how fast you process information. 179 00:07:34,200 --> 00:07:36,300 How good are your pattern recognition skills? 180 00:07:37,066 --> 00:07:40,266 What it cares about is: do you have direction? 181 00:07:40,433 --> 00:07:41,933 Are you willing to keep going? 182 00:07:42,066 --> 00:07:44,600 Can you stay awake while you're walking? 183 00:07:44,700 --> 00:07:46,133 Your heart is unsteady 184 00:07:46,233 --> 00:07:48,300 Can you see the truth of things? 185 00:07:48,466 --> 00:07:50,833 This was the fundamental difference between talent and root tools 186 00:07:51,666 --> 00:07:53,166 Talent measures where you started 187 00:07:53,933 --> 00:07:55,366 How many cards were you born with? 188 00:07:56,166 --> 00:07:58,233 The root apparatus measures your orientation and capacity. 189 00:07:58,900 --> 00:08:01,133 Can you play the cards in your hand well? 190 00:08:01,133 --> 00:08:02,300 And make your own way 191 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:05,700 The difference is bigger than it seems. 192 00:08:06,500 --> 00:08:09,700 The Western concept of talent is essentially a logic of "having" 193 00:08:10,466 --> 00:08:13,700 How much intelligence, how much talent, how much potential do you have? 194 00:08:14,600 --> 00:08:17,733 The root-tool view of Buddhism is essentially a kind of "running" logic 195 00:08:18,333 --> 00:08:20,666 How does your heart work? 196 00:08:20,766 --> 00:08:22,200 Is it going in the right direction? 197 00:08:22,366 --> 00:08:23,666 Is it stable enough? 198 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:25,833 Can it last? 199 00:08:25,966 --> 00:08:28,866 One is to see how much money you have in your bank account 200 00:08:28,866 --> 00:08:31,466 One is to see if your daily cash flow is healthy 201 00:08:32,466 --> 00:08:34,833 There are a lot of deposits but the cash flow is stagnant 202 00:08:34,833 --> 00:08:35,533 Still go bankrupt 203 00:08:36,300 --> 00:08:39,033 People with small deposits but stable cash flow 204 00:08:39,033 --> 00:08:39,833 Get rich slowly 205 00:08:40,500 --> 00:08:42,166 A person with an IQ of 160 206 00:08:42,166 --> 00:08:45,533 Without roots -- no sense of direction, no idea where you're going. 207 00:08:46,066 --> 00:08:49,166 He's probably been spinning his super brain all his life 208 00:08:50,066 --> 00:08:52,900 You must have seen this kind of person around you: extremely smart 209 00:08:52,933 --> 00:08:55,366 But I still can't find what I need to do 210 00:08:55,400 --> 00:08:57,900 Or smart enough to rationalize every escape 211 00:08:58,533 --> 00:08:59,433 reverse 212 00:08:59,433 --> 00:09:02,300 A person who performs mediocre on a standardized test 213 00:09:02,333 --> 00:09:05,933 If he has strong roots - he knows where he's going 214 00:09:05,933 --> 00:09:09,000 Diligent roots - moving in that direction every day 215 00:09:09,033 --> 00:09:11,500 Nian Root - Don't wander when you leave 216 00:09:11,533 --> 00:09:14,400 He may have achieved far more than all "gifted players" 217 00:09:15,266 --> 00:09:19,100 In Buddhism, there's a classic distinction between a root and a dull root. 218 00:09:20,000 --> 00:09:21,666 Legan is savvy. 219 00:09:21,666 --> 00:09:23,033 It makes sense 220 00:09:23,066 --> 00:09:24,433 A dull root is stupid. 221 00:09:24,466 --> 00:09:25,433 I don't get it. 222 00:09:26,333 --> 00:09:29,900 A lot of people think that a ligan is smart and a dull root is stupid 223 00:09:30,833 --> 00:09:34,233 But Buddhism goes much deeper than that. 224 00:09:35,333 --> 00:09:36,733 Sixth Patriarch Hui Neng is illiterate 225 00:09:37,066 --> 00:09:38,933 According to the standards of IQ tests 226 00:09:38,966 --> 00:09:40,800 He has zero knowledge. 227 00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:45,600 But he was enlightened when he heard the phrase "A heart should be born without dwelling." 228 00:09:46,400 --> 00:09:46,933 He is ligan 229 00:09:47,600 --> 00:09:48,600 Why is that? 230 00:09:48,700 --> 00:09:50,166 It's not because he's smart. 231 00:09:50,200 --> 00:09:53,133 It's because there's not much in his heart that needs to be torn down. 232 00:09:53,966 --> 00:09:54,700 His cover is thin 233 00:09:56,366 --> 00:09:58,866 Remember the parable we talked about in the Tathagata Tibet issue? 234 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:02,100 The dust on the mirror can be thick or thin 235 00:10:03,033 --> 00:10:05,466 Huineng's mirror is almost clean 236 00:10:05,466 --> 00:10:06,500 So it will light up as soon as you wipe it. 237 00:10:07,566 --> 00:10:12,466 At the other extreme is Shenxiu - he is very learned and strict in commandments 238 00:10:12,466 --> 00:10:14,500 He is the most valued disciple of the Fifth Patriarch Hongren 239 00:10:15,466 --> 00:10:16,766 In the Sangha at that time 240 00:10:16,933 --> 00:10:19,333 He's the "best in the standard sense" guy 241 00:10:20,266 --> 00:10:22,900 He should score high by any standard. 242 00:10:23,966 --> 00:10:27,600 But he wrote this verse: "Always wipe away. 243 00:10:27,633 --> 00:10:30,300 Don't make dust "- still wiping hard 244 00:10:31,000 --> 00:10:33,400 His "talent" is far higher than Hui Neng 245 00:10:33,433 --> 00:10:34,200 But his root organ. 246 00:10:34,700 --> 00:10:36,900 On this particular issue - not as good as Huineng 247 00:10:37,733 --> 00:10:39,133 Why is that? 248 00:10:39,200 --> 00:10:42,933 Because his knowledge and identity just became his thickest cover 249 00:10:43,766 --> 00:10:45,733 He knew too many right answers. 250 00:10:45,733 --> 00:10:48,400 So that there is no way to skip the answer and see the truth directly 251 00:10:49,100 --> 00:10:50,900 Knowledge is his armor 252 00:10:50,933 --> 00:10:51,833 It's also his cage. 253 00:10:52,533 --> 00:10:55,366 Is this similar to what Dweck found? 254 00:10:55,466 --> 00:10:57,266 The ones that are labeled "smart." 255 00:10:57,300 --> 00:10:59,333 Their cleverness became its own obsession. 256 00:10:59,866 --> 00:11:01,433 An identity that needs to be protected 257 00:11:02,166 --> 00:11:03,900 And those who don't have that label 258 00:11:03,933 --> 00:11:05,300 It's easier to let go 259 00:11:05,300 --> 00:11:06,000 Easier to cross 260 00:11:06,700 --> 00:11:10,333 So if you ask me, are talent and root organ the same thing? 261 00:11:10,466 --> 00:11:13,166 And the answer is, they're not just different. 262 00:11:13,200 --> 00:11:15,100 They measure completely different dimensions 263 00:11:16,033 --> 00:11:18,733 For example, talent is the horsepower of your car 264 00:11:19,400 --> 00:11:21,166 How big is the engine and how fast does it accelerate? 265 00:11:21,933 --> 00:11:25,033 The root is your steering wheel and throttle - where are you going 266 00:11:25,666 --> 00:11:27,233 Are you willing to keep stepping on the accelerator pedal? 267 00:11:28,033 --> 00:11:30,300 A powerful car can go very fast 268 00:11:30,333 --> 00:11:33,866 But if you hit the steering wheel or don't press the accelerator at all 269 00:11:33,866 --> 00:11:35,900 It's just a nice car parked in a garage 270 00:11:36,766 --> 00:11:40,833 And a car with not much horsepower but a firm and steady direction 271 00:11:40,866 --> 00:11:42,366 It could eventually go anywhere. 272 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:45,433 And the blind spots of these two ideas are clear. 273 00:11:46,933 --> 00:11:49,233 What is the blind spot of the Western talent concept? 274 00:11:49,366 --> 00:11:51,166 It focuses too much on "How much do you have?" 275 00:11:51,166 --> 00:11:52,233 I don't care where you're going. 276 00:11:52,933 --> 00:11:55,433 It can accurately measure your engine horsepower 277 00:11:55,466 --> 00:11:58,300 But where are you going and are you willing to hit the road? 278 00:11:58,300 --> 00:11:59,000 It feels nothing. 279 00:11:59,800 --> 00:12:03,033 You give an IQ test to someone who can't find a direction in life 280 00:12:03,033 --> 00:12:05,833 Tell him "your IQ is 150" - and then what? 281 00:12:06,033 --> 00:12:07,933 How can this number help him? 282 00:12:08,100 --> 00:12:10,133 What is the blind spot of the root organ concept? 283 00:12:10,233 --> 00:12:12,800 It can easily be misinterpreted as another form of talent theory 284 00:12:12,800 --> 00:12:15,600 "He has good roots, so he can understand 285 00:12:15,600 --> 00:12:17,200 I have poor root organs, so I can't play 286 00:12:17,800 --> 00:12:19,566 "This just puts a dynamic 287 00:12:19,766 --> 00:12:22,433 Cultivable ability becomes a static label again 288 00:12:23,266 --> 00:12:25,300 But that's not what Buddhism originally meant. 289 00:12:26,200 --> 00:12:29,700 Five Roots - Faith, Progress, Consciousness, Concentration, Wisdom 290 00:12:30,466 --> 00:12:32,166 Each one is trainable. 291 00:12:32,933 --> 00:12:34,333 Root organ is not life 292 00:12:34,333 --> 00:12:34,833 Is kung fu 293 00:12:35,400 --> 00:12:37,566 So what was the most interesting insight? 294 00:12:37,700 --> 00:12:40,333 Maybe what really determines how far a person can go 295 00:12:40,333 --> 00:12:42,300 Neither how talented he is 296 00:12:42,333 --> 00:12:44,433 It's not that his root organ has Dolly 297 00:12:44,433 --> 00:12:48,566 It was his ability to see what you thought was the end. 298 00:12:48,600 --> 00:12:49,900 Maybe it's just a mirror 299 00:12:50,766 --> 00:12:52,666 Labels that make you think, "I can't." 300 00:12:53,366 --> 00:12:57,366 They're not smart enough, they're not powerful enough -- they're not walls. 301 00:12:57,400 --> 00:12:59,333 They are the shadows you cast. 302 00:13:00,233 --> 00:13:02,633 Shadows only exist when you have your back to the light source 303 00:13:03,400 --> 00:13:04,166 Turn around. 304 00:13:04,166 --> 00:13:04,966 It just disappears. 305 00:13:05,933 --> 00:13:07,433 The author of the 10,000-hour theory 306 00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:12,633 Psychologist Erickson studied decades of expert performance 307 00:13:12,633 --> 00:13:14,100 It's not, "Just 10,000 hours." 308 00:13:14,833 --> 00:13:18,366 That was the version that was later misread - what he really said was 309 00:13:18,366 --> 00:13:21,600 The direction and quality of deliberate practice are far more important than the duration 310 00:13:22,266 --> 00:13:23,600 Exercise without direction 311 00:13:23,600 --> 00:13:25,633 10,000 hours of practice is also standing still 312 00:13:26,333 --> 00:13:27,466 Directed practice 313 00:13:27,466 --> 00:13:31,033 Maybe 3,000 hours can reach a place that others can't reach in a lifetime 314 00:13:31,866 --> 00:13:35,200 Buddhism said the same thing 2,500 years ago. 315 00:13:35,200 --> 00:13:38,300 It's just that it calls "deliberate practice" "effort" 316 00:13:38,333 --> 00:13:40,700 They call it right view. 317 00:13:40,700 --> 00:13:42,400 It's called mindfulness. 318 00:13:43,333 --> 00:13:45,166 One talks with lab data 319 00:13:45,400 --> 00:13:47,433 One Speaks with Vipassana Wisdom 320 00:13:47,433 --> 00:13:49,633 But their fingers point to the same moon 321 00:13:50,133 --> 00:13:52,700 So the next time someone asks you, "What do you think? 322 00:13:52,700 --> 00:13:54,866 "Is effort important or effort important?" 323 00:13:54,900 --> 00:13:57,733 You can tell him that the question itself is wrong 324 00:13:58,500 --> 00:14:01,100 Talent and hard work are not two endpoints on the same dimension 325 00:14:01,966 --> 00:14:04,700 Talent describes your hardware configuration 326 00:14:04,700 --> 00:14:07,100 What you try to describe is how you operate 327 00:14:07,133 --> 00:14:09,966 And the root organ -- if you will introduce this third perspective. 328 00:14:10,666 --> 00:14:12,100 It describes your operating system. 329 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:14,133 No matter how good the hardware is 330 00:14:14,133 --> 00:14:15,300 The operating system is wrong. 331 00:14:15,333 --> 00:14:16,800 You can't get the result you want. 332 00:14:17,500 --> 00:14:18,533 General hardware 333 00:14:18,533 --> 00:14:20,933 But the operating system is clear and stable 334 00:14:20,966 --> 00:14:23,300 Instead, you can put every bit of resource to good use 335 00:14:24,533 --> 00:14:27,933 And the best news is that the hardware is not easy to replace 336 00:14:27,933 --> 00:14:29,833 But the operating system can be upgraded 337 00:14:30,600 --> 00:14:34,600 Every time you take the initiative to choose a direction instead of being pushed by inertia 338 00:14:34,633 --> 00:14:39,033 Every time you don't give up in the face of difficulties, you continue in a different way 339 00:14:39,066 --> 00:14:42,433 Every time you find that second of clarity in the middle of an emotional storm 340 00:14:43,100 --> 00:14:45,166 You're already upgrading your operating system 341 00:14:46,433 --> 00:14:48,300 Buddhism calls this practice. 342 00:14:48,300 --> 00:14:50,466 Psychologists call this growth. 343 00:14:50,466 --> 00:14:52,100 But whatever you want to call it 344 00:14:52,133 --> 00:14:55,866 It points to the same thing: you are not a fixed product 345 00:14:55,900 --> 00:14:57,566 You are a running process 346 00:14:58,400 --> 00:15:00,000 My own experience is the same 347 00:15:01,100 --> 00:15:03,233 I have been an angel investor for over a decade 348 00:15:03,266 --> 00:15:04,300 I have seen countless entrepreneurs 349 00:15:04,866 --> 00:15:06,666 Those who eventually come out 350 00:15:06,700 --> 00:15:09,233 Rarely the smartest one to start with 351 00:15:09,266 --> 00:15:11,466 It's rarely the one with the best starting resources. 352 00:15:12,133 --> 00:15:16,100 They often have one thing in common: they know exactly what they want 353 00:15:16,100 --> 00:15:17,933 And when you get knocked down, you can still stand up 354 00:15:18,700 --> 00:15:20,100 In Buddhist terms 355 00:15:20,100 --> 00:15:22,633 They have strong roots of faith and hard work. 356 00:15:23,233 --> 00:15:24,533 In psychological terms 357 00:15:24,866 --> 00:15:27,400 They have a growth mindset and high levels of resilience 358 00:15:28,066 --> 00:15:29,600 It doesn't matter what you call it 359 00:15:29,633 --> 00:15:33,066 The important thing is that it points to the same quality - clear direction 360 00:15:33,466 --> 00:15:35,633 Continuous action, not defined by setbacks 361 00:15:37,333 --> 00:15:40,500 So the next time someone tells you, "I'm not talented," 362 00:15:40,533 --> 00:15:44,066 Maybe you can ask him another question: Do you have a root organ? 363 00:15:44,166 --> 00:15:46,133 Do you know where you're going? 364 00:15:46,300 --> 00:15:49,366 Would you like to take a break when you can't walk and keep walking? 365 00:15:50,066 --> 00:15:52,300 If your answer is "yes" 366 00:15:52,333 --> 00:15:53,833 That talent is not talent 367 00:15:53,833 --> 00:15:54,766 It's really not that important. 368 00:15:55,600 --> 00:15:57,300 Do you feel that in your life 369 00:15:57,333 --> 00:16:00,800 What limits you more is "talent" or "root tool" 370 00:16:00,900 --> 00:16:02,233 If you have any ideas 371 00:16:02,233 --> 00:16:02,866 I'm curious. 372 00:16:03,566 --> 00:16:04,566 I am Wang Lijie 373 00:16:04,600 --> 00:16:05,333 See you next time.