Shang Yang measured the world with a ruler
Then it was cracked by that ruler cart
338 BC
Duke Qin is dead
The moment the news reached Shang Yang's ears
He is trading on the fief
Distance from the legal empire of Qin that he personally built
Hundreds of miles
It's not that he doesn't know the danger
Qin Xiaogong died
Gongji and his gang will fight back
This
With Shang Yang's intelligence
He knows better than anyone
He has been reforming for nearly 20 years
Touched the interests of too many people
Old Noble
hereditary class
People whose noses he cut and whose faces he stabbed
The family he joined
And those he deprived because of their birth
All people who have privileged opportunities
Duke Qin is here
These people are afraid to move
As soon as Duke Qin left
How quickly will the hatred that has been accumulated for nearly two decades fight back?
You don't have to predict.
He tried to flee to Wei
Wei did not accept him
to the effect that
This person used to deceive our general.
Hatred against Wei
If you take it, he will lead the wolf into the house
He tried to escape back to Shangyu
Own fief
Own territory
Prepare to organize a force resistance there
Qin's army caught up
And finally.
Shang Yang was shown by a car crack
So-called car crack
Is to take a person's limbs and head
Tied to five carriages
Five horses running in five directions simultaneously
History books
The crowd at the execution ground shouted
No one is complaining for him
It was cheers.
The history books leave a chilling record
Qin people have no pity
The people of Qin
Those he freed from slavery with his own hands
Gave the ascending channel
Ordinary people who can trade their military merits for land
No one pitied him
This is what Shang Yang's death is all about
He spent nearly 20 years
Installed a new operating system for Qin Guo
Completely rewrote the underlying logic of this country
And he gets thrown out of the system.
Killed by his own rules
Died under the wheels of the state machine he made with his own hands
Hello, everybody.
I am Wang Lijie
Welcome to the fourth phase of Tiandao Judgment and Humanity
Today's Judge
It is a fundamental reform at the institutional level in Chinese history
A reformer like no other
Shang Yang
His story
And two consecutive chapters in the silk version of the Tao Te Ching
Precisely collided
One chapter is the silk book, chapter 62.
Handed down Chapter 18
One chapter is the silk book, chapter 63.
Handed down Chapter 19
These two chapters are added together
It reads like a verdict that Lao Tzu wrote specially for Shang Yang
And the prescription that follows the verdict
only
Shang Yang has never read these two chapters
First read the original silk book
First read the original silk book, Chapter 62 of the original silk book, the old road is abandoned
The old road is abandoned
An You Benevolence and Righteousness
Zhihui out
An Youda Wai
Six relatives discord
Anyu Takashi
Bunch is dazed
An You Zhengchen
re-contrast the handed down version
road waste
benevolence and righteousness
Wisdom out
There is a big fake
Six relatives discord
Youxiao Ci
National confusion
There are loyal ministers
One word difference
Worlds of difference
Pay attention to this word An
The silk book version is An Yourenyi
The handed down version is benevolent and righteous
benevolence and righteousness
Meaning
The road is wasted
And there was righteousness.
It's a statement.
And that's what happens.
An You Benevolence and Righteousness
Meaning
The road is wasted
Where can there be any benevolence and righteousness?
It's a rhetorical question.
With an almost ironic force
The benevolence and righteousness you mentioned
It is proof that the Great Dao is dead
You're taking the autopsy report and prescribing it as a life-saving medicine
Are you kidding me?
The difference between words
Determines the nature of the entire chapter
The logic that has been handed down is linear
road waste
Benevolence and righteousness appear
causal order
Sounds like a kind remedy.
The logic of the silk edition is deconstructive
The road is wasted
Your so-called labels of benevolence and righteousness, great hypocrisy, filial piety and loyalty
It's all weeds growing from the ruins
Not a remedy
Is a symptom
You're the one using the symptoms as a prescription.
There's another difference.
The silk book version is Xiaozi
The handed down version is Xiaoci
This is a pass for the word compassion.
The glyphs are different but the meanings are close
Don't expand here
The focus is on the word An
Silk Book Chapter 63
Handed down, Chapter 19, the original silk book
Never know to give up arguing, the people benefit a hundred times, never forsake hypocrisy, and the people return to filial piety
It is a coincidence to give up profits, thieves have nothing, these three words are also
I thought the text was not sufficient, so I made it belong
See plain and simple, less selfish and few desires, no worries about learning
Handed down version, no saint and no wisdom
Min Li 100 times
renunciation of righteousness
Minfu Xiaoci
coincidence
Thieves have none
These three are considered insufficient
So it belongs
See Su Baopu
less selfish
Unique worry-free
There's a big difference here.
The handed down version is, Abandon Sage and Abandon Wisdom
The silk book version is, absolutely know to abandon debate
Abandon wisdom
Lost are the two names and labels of saint and wisdom
That sounds like a moral exercise.
It's for you not to pursue that saint's reputation
Never know to abandon the argument
What is lost is knowledge and debate
know
It's clever calculation and intellectual strategy
debate
It's sophistry, eloquence, manipulating public opinion with words
This is not moral training.
It's a knife in the operating procedure
Put that governance system driven by strategy and debate
Just turn it off.
The handed down version of renunciation of righteousness
The silk book version has become a forgiveness
It is not benevolence itself that is thrown away.
But fake
False performance
and consider
Excessive calculation and calculation
This is more accurate
I'm not saying that there is a problem with benevolence itself
What's he saying?
When kindness becomes performance
When caring becomes calculating
When every act of kindness has a strategic purpose behind it
That righteousness itself has become hypocrisy and concern
The two chapters are combined
This is a complete set of diagnoses: Chapter 62 is the confirmation letter
Those social labels you see now
Benevolence, filial piety, loyalty
It's all symptoms that the avenue has been corrupted
It's not a cure.
Chapter 63 is a prescription
How to treat
Lose knowledge and defense
Throw away hypocrisy and overthinking
Throw away the practice of packaging benefits as principles
See Su Baopu
less selfish
Now put these two chapters together
Posted on Shang Yang's life
You will find
The degree of fit is so high that it makes people's back cold
Shang Yang and the precise collision of these two chapters
An You Benevolence and Righteousness
What did Shang Yang do in 356 BC?
Shang Yang's first reform
The first thing he did
It's not a decree.
He stood a log.
Chengnan
A three-foot-tall log
There was a sign next to it.
Who can move this log to the north of the city?
Reward ten gold
No one believed
He raised the bounty to fifty gold
Someone moved it with skepticism
Shang Yang cashed in on the spot
Gave fifty gold
This story is called Limu Jianxin.
It's a classic example that all history textbooks mention
Interpretation is usually
Shang Yang is using his actions to build government credibility
Once the display decree is promulgated, it will be strictly enforced
No discount
From the logic of a humane operating system
This analysis is absolutely correct
But from the perspective of the Heavenly Dao
This incident reveals a deeper problem
A society
Why do you need to use 50 gold to move wood to prove that the government is worthy?
because
Silk book original words
lack of trust
Do you believe it?
This is the original text of Chapter 61 of the Silk Book
Handed down Chapter 17
The integrity of the government has been seriously overdrawn
It's performance art that's needed to rebuild trust.
Here are the symptoms.
Not the reason
Shang Yang recognized the symptoms
And then he used more powerful means to strengthen the trust mechanism
decree
A stifling law.
What is the magnitude of his decree?
joint sitting system
A family broke the law
All neighbors are sitting together
whistleblower reward
Shelter is guilty
Severe punishment for misdemeanors
Leaving trash on the street
It was called discarding ashes on the road
Direct tattooing
That's tattooing on the face
Nobles are no exception
Prince breaks the law
He cannot directly punish the prince
Because the prince will be the monarch in the future
So he cut off the nose of the prince's teacher
He stabbed another teacher, Gong Sun Jia, in the face
It's called tattooing.
This is Shang Yang's response to Chapter 62 of the Silk Book
Except his response was the other way around.
Lao Tzu's diagnosis is
Once the avenue disappears
Benevolence, righteousness, law, loyalty, these things will come in the form of labels
But they are symptoms
Not medicine
Shang Yang's operation is
The avenue is indeed gone.
Then I'll replace it with law
Force order with tighter rules
He sees symptoms as solutions
He saw the discord between the six relatives
Anyu Takashi
So he forced the family to divide into households
Father, son and brother must separate as adults
Otherwise double the tax
To be precise, there are more than two adult men in the family but they are not separated
Double the tax
He's not repairing family relationships
He's breaking up the family unit.
Become manageable atomized individuals
Hanging on the gears of the state machine
Everyone does their job
His righteousness
It's calculated.
His laws
It's instrumental.
His fairness
It is to serve the Qin State to win the war
This is exactly what Chapter 62 of the Silk Book says.
Zhihui out
An Youda Wai
Smart people come out
Sophisticated calculations appear
So the big fake comes along.
Not a crude lie
It's the kind of logic that is consistent and high-sounding
Systemic hypocrisy, by the way.
The whole legal system constructed by Shang Yang
Flawless in theory
reward and punishment
Merit in farming
Birth no longer determines destiny
This set of principles
It really makes sense
But the ultimate goal of this truth service
It is to make Qin's war machine run more efficiently
Rather than making people live more like people
When the ultimate goal of a system is not human life itself
It's about turning people into tools for achieving something bigger.
Then how precise it is
It's also what Lao Tzu said about the big fake
Never know to abandon the argument
Min Li 100 times
What did Shang Yang do? The beginning of Chapter 63 of the Silk Book
Never know to abandon the argument
It's a precise scalpel.
know
Clever knowledge and strategy
debate
The ability to manipulate order with words
Lao Tzu means
When governance relies on increasingly sophisticated strategies
And increasingly strict language norms
This set of governance itself is already sick
Shang Yang is precisely a master of both knowledge and debate
He made his debut in front of Duke Xiao of Qin
Three sets of plans were mentioned
Emperor, king, domineering
The first two sets
Xiaogong listens to drowsy
The third set of domineering
The duke was immediately refreshed
Language days never tire
After chatting for several days, I still can't get enough of it.
Shang Yang knew very well what Xiaogong wanted
Not self-cultivation
Not a century of Dehua
Is now
It's this generation.
It is to see the situation in which Qin State overwhelms the six countries in his lifetime
So he broke down the concept of Tao into a number of actionable technical means
Replaced the position of Tao with a spell potential
Built a sophisticated human management system
This is the ultimate use of knowledge
And what about his argument?
At the beginning of the reform
There was a lot of opposition.
Gan Long, Du Zhi and other conservatives argued vigorously in court
Zufa can't move
The way of the king cannot be violated
Shang Yang's rebuttal is textbook
Different religions in previous lives
How ancient
Emperors never meet
He Lizhisun
The Holy Kings of each era have different rules
There is no ancient law that must be followed
change
Is correct
What he said
Does that make sense?
Yes.
Logic holds
But what did he do with that logic?
He won the argument by arguing.
Then remove all the resistance to the reform
Allow your will to be enforced by decree
We won the argument.
I know victory
And?
The second half of Chapter 63 of the Silk Book says
Abandon falsehood
Min Fu Takashi
Throw away false performances and excessive planning
The common people will naturally return to their true filial piety and compassion
Shang Yang did the opposite
He takes more care
More sophisticated calculations
Stricter laws
More detailed reward and punishment provisions
To enforce human behavior
He doesn't trust that people will naturally return to simplicity
He only trusts the rules.
The result is
The people of Qin did become richer
The military did get stronger.
The land did expand
But that Hyoz
The emotional bonds that naturally grow between simple people
Under the atomized family division and the ubiquitous system of joint sitting
It's drying up.
Neighbors have to tell each other
Otherwise same crime
Father and son separation
Otherwise double tax
How filial do you make people?
How kind
He forcibly replaced what naturally grows in the human heart with ingenuity and order
And he got confused.
Why do thieves still have
His laws are already so strict
Why is order based on fear rather than fear?
The true sense of belonging is maintained
The silk book has already answered
coincidence
Thieves have none
No, tougher laws make thieves disappear.
It's about getting rid of the profit-driven logic of social design.
Thieves will really decrease
Shang Yang's complete system
Driven by profit from start to finish
Those who have merit benefit
Offender loses
Rewards and punishments are all based on profits
He trained everyone to be in the interest coordinate system
Rational people with precise calculations
And he was very strange.
Why do these people choose to take risks when the benefits are big enough?
Because he uses profit to drive everything
Didn't realize it
When the stakes are high enough and the probability of being caught is low enough
This intricately calculated system will push people into danger
This is not a system failure.
This is the perfect operation of the system.
It's just the other way around.
Trial Moment Level 1
Evaluation of Shang Yang on the Coordinate System of Humanity Trial
Dynasties and dynasties have been highly controversial
Never reached a consensus
Supporters say
Shang Yang was the most successful reformer in Chinese history
No Shang Yang Reform
There is no Qin state to unify the six kingdoms
There would be no first unified empire in China
The course of history will be completely rewritten
He was a doer.
People who have made great contributions to history
Opponents say
He was mean.
Using severe punishment to turn people into parts of a war machine
He betrayed his word.
In his early years, he defected to Wei Xiang Gongshu
Leave privately
He has a bad mind
Capture General Young Master Wei by deception in exchange for military merit
Sima Qian wrote his biography in the historical records
Finally added a sentence
The tone is almost contemptuous
Shang Jun
Its talented and mean people
In a humane coordinate system
Shang Yang's trial will always be a tug of war
Because humanity measures a person
It's about merit versus means, motivation versus outcome.
And this weight is different for everyone.
Therefore, humanity towards Shang Yang
No final judgment
But in the coordinate system of the Heavenly Dao
The verdict has been written
Written in silk books
Written in the end of history
second floor
Heavenly Judgment Heavenly Judgment
Not in the evaluation of history books
In the way Shang Yang died
Chapter 62 of the Silk Book begins by saying
The old road is abandoned
An You Benevolence and Righteousness
Pay attention to this word
So
Therefore
It's a statement with a premise.
The previous chapter
Silk Book Chapter 61
Handed down Chapter 17
What is the highest state of governance?
Taishang
Know it below
The best monarch
The people only know that he exists
That was all.
Everything works naturally
The old road is abandoned
It's because this natural state of operation collapses
Therefore, righteousness and righteousness
Loyal minister these concepts will emerge like weeds
Shang Yang's Entire Reform Project
It is an accurate confirmation and deepening of the waste state of the highway
He saw the collapse of the ritual music system in the Zhou Dynasty
Saw the ineffectiveness of the old order
Then his choice is
Use more artificial and precise
More mandatory systems to replace outdated systems that have failed
He didn't go in the direction of the Tao.
He walked in the direction of the law
These two directions
It looks like it's all under construction.
But essentially the opposite
Direction of the Road
Is to reduce human intervention
Let things return to their own rhythm
Lao Tzu said it was damaged and damaged
To do nothing
Silk Book Chapter 11
handed down from generation to generation Chapter 48
Is a subtraction process
Direction of law
Is to increase human intervention
Covering more and more behavior with ever more sophisticated rules
It's an addition process.
When added to the extreme, it is the law and things
And there are many thieves
Silk Book Chapter 20
handed down from generation to generation Chapter 57
And the verdict of the silk book happens to say this in Chapter 20
Dharma
And there are many thieves
The laws multiply
The more thieves
Shang Yang has been doing addition all his life
add law
penalty
plus even sitting
plus reward and punishment provisions
Subdivision of military titles
Every addition is logically consistent
Each addition is short-lived
But the law of many news and poor numbers
He can't escape
Silk Book Chapter 49
Handed down Chapter 5
Silkbook edition Duowen
Handed down edition
One word difference
Very different meanings.
The more means
The closer the poor
The judgment given to him by Heaven
Written in the four words Qin people have no pity
His decree makes it clear
Reward good and punish evil
reward and punishment
But when he himself violated the interests of his enemies
That system
The system he built with his own hands
Sentenced him to death
And the people of Qin who he personally promoted from the bottom
No one complained for him
This is not betrayal
This is the perfect operation of that system
He trained people to be precise calculators in the reward and punishment mechanism
When he disappears
There is no emotional bond for these people to speak up for him
Because he had no room for those bonds.
This is the judgment of the Tao of Heaven
What have you built?
You are swallowed by something
What are you deprived of?
That thing is absent when you need it most
The last sentence of Chapter 63 of the Silk Book
Is the heart of the entire prescription
See Su Baopu
less selfish
Unique worry-free
see prime
See the way it is
No staining.
No packaging.
BaoPu
Hold on to that unpolished state
less selfish
Reduce self-calculation
Unique worry-free
Let go of the knowledge and strategies used to manipulate and manage
Stop worrying
These four sentences
Shang Yang didn't do a word
His life
Is the exact opposite of these four sentences
He is extremely polished
Every law is precisely designed
He is selfish
Fiefs, titles, power
He is learned and eloquent
It won the opportunity for reform through knowledge and defense
He was very worried
Even the escape route before death is repeatedly calculated
But every one is blocked
Third floor
What's wrong with Shang Yang's consciousness system?
Focusing on two dimensions
The first dimension
sixth sense
Extremely developed consciousness
With the seventh consciousness
The strong binding of Morna
Shang Yang's Sixth Sense
Rational analysis, reasoning and judgment, strategic planning
It was one of the sharpest in the entire Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period
He can also simulate in his head the policy direction ten years from now
It can disassemble human weaknesses into actionable incentive mechanisms
The power of the abstract state can be embodied into each article
Enforceable legal provisions
This is the ultimate use of intelligence
But his seventh sense
Mona
The level of consciousness that persists in grasping this is mine, this is what I do
Also highly active
And it is closely bound to the sixth sense
In the vernacular
The more rational his analytical skills are
I designed his system
I created this state of Qin, and the deeper this obsession goes
The essence of knowledge is to continuously capture a sense of self
For the average person
What Moonai grabbed was my home, my money, and my face
For people at Shang Yang's level
What I have learned is my reform, my system, and my historical achievements
Different scale
Same structure
And this creates a fatal blind spot.
He couldn't accept that the results of the system's operation did not match his preset
Early stage of reform
Prince breaks the law
He dealt with the prince's teacher
This decision
There is no legal problem.
Logically impeccable
But this decision sowed the seeds of an inevitable backlash for him
Gongzi Qian closed his door for the next eight years
Accumulated hatred for him
bide your time
Of course Shang Yang knew about the existence of this seed
But his sixth sense told him
The credibility of the law is more important than personal grievances
Must be implemented
He counted on the credibility of the law
Without counting the end, that knowledge will never stop
Not just his own knowledge
And the son is pious
And everyone who has been cut, stabbed, or even seated by his decrees
The final knowledge of these people is waiting
The moment of Qin Xiaogong's death
The wait is over.
Second dimension
pervasiveness
Treat the label of law as Tao itself
Consciousness-only
All-pervasiveness means that we treat conceptual labels as if they were real.
We mentioned this concept when we talked about Confucius in the first issue
Confucius' System of Correcting Names
It's treating status as substance
Shang Yang's problem is similar
But more thoroughly
He regards the law as the whole of the Tao
Law is a system of concepts
It's a network of labels that describe and regulate behavior.
Tao is the internal rhythm that makes all things run naturally
Exists before any label
Shang Yang knows very well that the law is a tool
He told Duke Xiao of Qin
Law is the means
The goal is to enrich the country and strengthen the army
In this sense
He did not naively deify (human) law
But he made a more subtle mistake
He uses the logic of (human) law to understand the operation of the Tao of Heaven
I thought that as long as the rules were precise enough and enforced thoroughly enough
The outcome can then be calculated and controlled
This is treating the Tao of Heaven as a programmable machine
Heaven is not a machine
It runs
But it doesn't respond to program commands.
You can adapt to it.
But you can't program it.
Shang Yang's Law
One of the most sophisticated attempts at programming
The more precise the programming
The more obvious the misalignment with Heavenly Dao
Because the core attribute of Heavenly Dao is precisely that it cannot be programmed (by humans)
Using Silk Books Chapter 27
The words of Chapter 65
Know the state
Thief of the State
With ignorance
Bangzhideya
Use ingenuity to govern the country
It's a national disaster.
Govern with a kind of ignorance that transcends ingenuity
It is the merit of the country
Shang Yang is the ultimate practitioner who knows the state by knowing the state
His ending
It's already written in this sentence
Hypothetically deducing if Shang Yang is at that critical node
Changed operating system
Will the ending be different?
Where are the key nodes?
Not the moment he changed the law
The direction of the reform is correct
The state of Qin does need reform
critical node
It was the day he dealt with the prince's teacher
He chose that the law must be enforced without exception
Even if the target is a future monarch
From a legal perspective
This choice is correct
But if he is at that node
I touched the sentence in Chapter 63 of the silk book.
He might have another option.
Not to protect the prince
It's about finding a way
Let the spirit of the law be upheld
Without turning the future monarch into a lifelong enemy
This is not weakness.
This is chapter 26 of the silk book.
The truth mentioned in Chapter 63
Graphs are hard to come by
Greater than its size
Silk book writing
It's hard to make a picture.
For greater than its fineness
The glyphs are slightly different
Consistent meaning
Start when things are still small and manageable
Don't wait until it becomes a head-to-head situation
He dealt with Young Master Qian in the most violent way
Planted the seeds of death
Then spend the rest of your 20 years
Pour the seed bigger and bigger with more force
Silk Book Chapter 80
According to Chapter 36
Will want to weaken
Bigu Qiangzhi
Will take it
It must be given
Weiming
This sentence doesn't mean to teach you conspiracy
I mean
The real power is not in crushing the opponent to death
Because the more you press to death
The stronger the rebound
Weakness is better than strength
This is the rhythm of the way of heaven
Not moral exhortation
Shang Yang built an extremely rigid system
Something hard to the bone
In the coordinate system of Tiandao
It will be backfired by the law of the inverse Tao
Silk Book Chapter 4
handed down from generation to generation Chapter 40
Silk book version writing inverse
The movement of the Tao
reverse
The way the Tao moves
Even if he had made a different choice at that point
Can he change the course of Qin's history?
Not necessarily.
After Shang Yang's death
His law continued to operate in the state of Qin for more than a hundred years
Until Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms
From this perspective
His system won.
His men lost
Heaven does not judge success or failure by the personal fate of the system designer
The historical trend has its own rhythm
But he could have died a little less horribly.
Not so Qin people are not pitiful
He thought he had built a system that respected rules.
He actually built the remains of a regularly abandoned person
conclusion
There is such a detail recorded in the history of leaving a seam
Before Shang Yang died
Once stayed at the Border Hotel
The owner of the hotel doesn't know who he is
Tell him
According to the decree of Lord Shang
Admitting undocumented passengers
Hotel owner to be sentenced
So
Please leave.
He was shut out by his own decree
He can only leave
Later people told the story
Usually used to kill oneself
It's a joke that satirizes him
But I want to stop here.
Think more
The innkeeper
When he said that
What's on your mind?
He may not know that the person in front of him is Shang Yang
He's just enforcing a law he's known by heart.
Use the logic of the decree to deal with this specific person in front of you
This is precisely Shang Yang's greatest achievement
It is also his deepest tragedy
He succeeded in getting an ordinary hotel owner
Use laws instead of human hearts to make judgments
The prescription for Chapter 63 of the Silk Book is
See Su Baopu
less selfish
see prime
See the way it is
The innkeeper
If you lay down the law
Look at this stranger standing in the dark
What are you looking at?
A tired, terrified person who needs a bed for the night
But that ability
Shang Yang spent twenty years
Cut bit by bit from the habits of the Qin people
When a society puts what the law says before what people are
When a system is more authentic than the people inside it
This society is already living in the judgment of Chapter 62 of the Silk Book
The road is wasted
It didn't come from somewhere else.
It was scrapped from here
Which system do you live in now?
When is this system available?
Put the rules ahead of people
At that time
Have you noticed
What do you think of this issue?
Shang Yang is a hero through the ages
Or is it self-inflicted blame?
Or say
These two judgments are not in the same coordinate system
Putting it together is a fake question
Welcome to chat in the comment area.
Also tell me who you want to hear next time
I am Wang Lijie
See you next time.