1 00:00:00,533 --> 00:00:04,166 Buddha's side of the point person (first): wisdom first person 2 00:00:04,200 --> 00:00:04,966 Why die first 3 00:00:06,066 --> 00:00:07,100 This question 4 00:00:07,133 --> 00:00:09,433 It happened 2,500 years ago. 5 00:00:10,333 --> 00:00:13,900 And it came at a moment that nobody anticipated. 6 00:00:14,500 --> 00:00:15,833 In the last episode, we talked about 7 00:00:15,833 --> 00:00:17,733 The Sangha founded by the Buddha 8 00:00:17,733 --> 00:00:20,966 It is a unit that simultaneously undertakes the practice ashram and collective meeting 9 00:00:21,366 --> 00:00:24,800 Sophisticated machines for social change and distributed memory storage 10 00:00:25,666 --> 00:00:28,933 And it worked quite well when the Buddha was alive. 11 00:00:28,966 --> 00:00:30,800 But there is an inherent vulnerability. 12 00:00:31,733 --> 00:00:33,533 The central designer of this machine 13 00:00:33,533 --> 00:00:34,633 Leave sooner or later 14 00:00:35,133 --> 00:00:36,700 I'm going to tell you something today. 15 00:00:37,266 --> 00:00:39,100 It happened before the Buddha's demise 16 00:00:39,566 --> 00:00:41,566 Very few people talk about it in isolation. 17 00:00:41,666 --> 00:00:43,766 The two most important disciples of the Buddha 18 00:00:43,766 --> 00:00:45,566 Before the death of Buddha himself 19 00:00:45,600 --> 00:00:46,366 Just go first 20 00:00:46,866 --> 00:00:48,200 One is called Shariputra. 21 00:00:48,433 --> 00:00:49,566 It is called wisdom first 22 00:00:50,300 --> 00:00:51,566 One is called Muganlian 23 00:00:51,866 --> 00:00:52,966 Known as the first supernatural power 24 00:00:53,933 --> 00:00:56,233 The wisest person dies in front of the teacher 25 00:00:57,200 --> 00:00:58,433 The person with the first supernatural powers 26 00:00:58,466 --> 00:01:00,333 He was stoned to death. 27 00:01:00,933 --> 00:01:01,833 These two things 28 00:01:01,833 --> 00:01:03,066 Alone 29 00:01:03,066 --> 00:01:04,600 Is the personal fate of two monks 30 00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:08,400 But in the context of Buddhist history 31 00:01:08,433 --> 00:01:10,400 They are the fates of both routes 32 00:01:11,233 --> 00:01:12,700 About wisdom and supernatural powers 33 00:01:12,866 --> 00:01:14,900 Disagreements about the goals of the practice 34 00:01:14,900 --> 00:01:17,033 In the Sangha of the Enlightened 35 00:01:17,066 --> 00:01:19,566 One should put the deepest effort into it 36 00:01:19,566 --> 00:01:21,133 In which direction? 37 00:01:21,400 --> 00:01:22,033 Hello 38 00:01:22,066 --> 00:01:22,800 Hello. 39 00:01:22,800 --> 00:01:23,933 I am Wang Lijie 40 00:01:24,433 --> 00:01:29,233 Today we enter the sixth episode of practicing along the historical context of Buddhism 41 00:01:29,333 --> 00:01:32,766 Speaking of which, the two are very famous in Chinese Buddhism 42 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:35,633 But the real character has been severely simplified 43 00:01:36,266 --> 00:01:37,500 Let me start with their appearances. 44 00:01:37,933 --> 00:01:39,266 Sariv 45 00:01:39,366 --> 00:01:41,666 Sanskrit name Sharifutra 46 00:01:41,666 --> 00:01:43,366 It means son of relic. 47 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:45,533 His mother's name was Sherry. 48 00:01:46,033 --> 00:01:48,533 The Sanskrit word relic refers to a starling 49 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:51,100 A songbird commonly found in South Asia 50 00:01:51,566 --> 00:01:53,233 So some people also translated it into wozi. 51 00:01:53,733 --> 00:01:55,433 is the name of another bird 52 00:01:55,866 --> 00:01:59,000 There are differences in the identification of Sanskrit bird species by different translators 53 00:01:59,300 --> 00:02:01,933 But it's all the sons of some kind of bird 54 00:02:02,433 --> 00:02:03,266 Moganlian 55 00:02:03,400 --> 00:02:06,100 Sanskrit name Mahamu Gharenyana 56 00:02:06,666 --> 00:02:08,833 Commonly referred to as Mahama Ganglian 57 00:02:09,300 --> 00:02:10,866 Or Damuganlian 58 00:02:11,166 --> 00:02:12,300 Big is great. 59 00:02:12,933 --> 00:02:13,833 These two people are small 60 00:02:14,666 --> 00:02:15,900 Before they became monks 61 00:02:16,133 --> 00:02:19,533 He is a good friend who grew up in the same village near Wangshe City 62 00:02:20,233 --> 00:02:21,300 They became monks at the same time. 63 00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:25,633 I'm going to follow a skeptical philosopher called Sanjaya. 64 00:02:26,333 --> 00:02:28,800 Sanjaya was one of the six heretics at that time 65 00:02:28,966 --> 00:02:30,833 His fundamental claim is 66 00:02:30,833 --> 00:02:32,666 The ultimate truth about the world 67 00:02:32,700 --> 00:02:34,366 People are incapable of judgment 68 00:02:34,400 --> 00:02:37,900 So the smartest answer is to make no judgments 69 00:02:38,600 --> 00:02:39,866 Let me put it more precisely. 70 00:02:39,900 --> 00:02:41,933 He is a philosophical position that refuses to answer 71 00:02:42,533 --> 00:02:44,333 He will say every question 72 00:02:44,333 --> 00:02:45,166 That's not true. 73 00:02:45,166 --> 00:02:46,166 It's not like that either. 74 00:02:46,166 --> 00:02:48,000 Not again and again 75 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:49,766 It's not right or wrong. 76 00:02:50,366 --> 00:02:54,033 This school is called agnosticism in the Buddhist tradition 77 00:02:54,666 --> 00:02:58,200 Two bright young men followed the teacher for a while 78 00:02:58,233 --> 00:02:59,800 They thought something was wrong. 79 00:03:00,200 --> 00:03:02,033 It's not that the teachers are bad 80 00:03:02,033 --> 00:03:04,266 It's the feeling of being short of breath. 81 00:03:04,666 --> 00:03:07,433 They each said the same thing to each other 82 00:03:07,433 --> 00:03:09,466 Whoever finds the true enlightened one first 83 00:03:09,500 --> 00:03:11,000 Be sure to tell each other 84 00:03:11,333 --> 00:03:12,466 Then one day 85 00:03:12,500 --> 00:03:14,666 Shariputra on the streets of the royal house 86 00:03:14,666 --> 00:03:16,400 Saw a monk begging for food 87 00:03:17,166 --> 00:03:19,100 The monk's name is Ma Sheng 88 00:03:19,433 --> 00:03:21,333 One of the first five disciples of the Buddha 89 00:03:22,066 --> 00:03:23,766 Sharifah watched him walk 90 00:03:23,933 --> 00:03:24,633 Stopped 91 00:03:25,133 --> 00:03:28,333 This is recorded in the Pali Classics, which is very picturesque 92 00:03:28,566 --> 00:03:29,800 Shariputra later said 93 00:03:30,066 --> 00:03:32,833 He had never seen a man walking in such a manner 94 00:03:33,400 --> 00:03:34,166 calm 95 00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:34,833 Light 96 00:03:35,266 --> 00:03:37,166 Without any extra force 97 00:03:37,166 --> 00:03:38,533 Neither self-presentation 98 00:03:38,700 --> 00:03:39,766 It's not about restraint. 99 00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:41,766 That's how it goes. 100 00:03:41,800 --> 00:03:45,266 It was as if every step on the ground was just right there waiting for him 101 00:03:45,700 --> 00:03:47,066 Sharifah goes up 102 00:03:47,100 --> 00:03:48,533 Ask him who he practices with 103 00:03:48,900 --> 00:03:49,800 What method did you learn? 104 00:03:50,566 --> 00:03:51,533 Ma Sheng said 105 00:03:51,533 --> 00:03:53,966 My teacher was called Shaman of the Sakyamuni. 106 00:03:53,966 --> 00:03:55,200 It was Siddhartha. 107 00:03:55,666 --> 00:03:57,033 I just became a monk. 108 00:03:57,033 --> 00:03:59,666 He can't explain all his teachings clearly 109 00:04:00,333 --> 00:04:01,366 But I can make a general point. 110 00:04:01,966 --> 00:04:04,600 Then Ma Sheng said a verse 111 00:04:04,633 --> 00:04:07,400 Later in the history of Buddhism, it was called the Katha of Dependent Origination 112 00:04:07,966 --> 00:04:09,900 The original Pali is: Jedamo 113 00:04:10,066 --> 00:04:11,100 Hey Du Pravaya 114 00:04:11,266 --> 00:04:11,800 Desang 115 00:04:11,900 --> 00:04:12,466 Hey, Doo 116 00:04:12,633 --> 00:04:13,433 Tatagado 117 00:04:13,533 --> 00:04:14,133 Aha 118 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:14,933 Desancha 119 00:04:15,033 --> 00:04:15,333 Yo 120 00:04:15,433 --> 00:04:16,066 Nilodo 121 00:04:16,133 --> 00:04:17,066 Iwanvati 122 00:04:17,066 --> 00:04:18,000 Mohasamono 123 00:04:18,300 --> 00:04:19,300 Chinese meaning is 124 00:04:19,600 --> 00:04:20,833 All laws are born of this 125 00:04:21,133 --> 00:04:22,500 The Tathagata said their cause 126 00:04:22,766 --> 00:04:23,633 It also talked about their extinction 127 00:04:24,500 --> 00:04:25,933 This is the teaching of the Great Salmon 128 00:04:26,733 --> 00:04:29,000 Shariputra stands in the streets of the royal city 129 00:04:29,233 --> 00:04:30,100 After listening to this verse 130 00:04:30,533 --> 00:04:31,800 It is said that at that moment 131 00:04:31,833 --> 00:04:33,633 He directly developed the insight of the first fruit 132 00:04:34,400 --> 00:04:35,733 All laws are born by reason 133 00:04:35,866 --> 00:04:36,900 All laws are destroyed by reason 134 00:04:37,433 --> 00:04:39,433 Everything that arises fades away 135 00:04:39,733 --> 00:04:41,500 Nothing is an eternal and unchanging self 136 00:04:42,233 --> 00:04:43,966 And he went to Moganlian. 137 00:04:44,566 --> 00:04:46,533 Mukanlian listened to Sariputra's paraphrase 138 00:04:46,866 --> 00:04:47,833 Also deeply touched 139 00:04:48,566 --> 00:04:50,966 The two then went to the Buddha's house together 140 00:04:51,966 --> 00:04:53,100 The Enlightenment of Tamugarian 141 00:04:53,466 --> 00:04:54,566 In later records 142 00:04:54,900 --> 00:04:57,533 It was achieved through continuous meditation after becoming a monk. 143 00:04:58,366 --> 00:05:00,633 On the seventh day, the arhat fruit was obtained 144 00:05:01,400 --> 00:05:04,300 The two go together to say goodbye to Shanjaye 145 00:05:04,500 --> 00:05:06,333 Said we were going to follow Sakyamuni 146 00:05:07,266 --> 00:05:10,000 It is said that among the more than 200 disciples of Sanjaya 147 00:05:10,266 --> 00:05:12,733 Most people went with them. 148 00:05:13,266 --> 00:05:15,533 Only Sanjaya himself refused 149 00:05:15,966 --> 00:05:16,833 So he says. 150 00:05:17,033 --> 00:05:18,100 I'm getting older. 151 00:05:18,100 --> 00:05:20,733 There's no way to relearn with a young person 152 00:05:21,300 --> 00:05:24,633 This detail is worth stopping and feeling alone 153 00:05:25,666 --> 00:05:26,900 The Failure of Sanjaya 154 00:05:27,100 --> 00:05:29,366 It's not because he's been proven wrong. 155 00:05:29,933 --> 00:05:32,333 But because of his two brightest students 156 00:05:32,333 --> 00:05:34,166 Moved by a poem on the street 157 00:05:34,733 --> 00:05:36,100 And then he left. 158 00:05:37,100 --> 00:05:39,533 The most significant cognitive shift in human history 159 00:05:39,566 --> 00:05:41,666 Never persuaded by logic 160 00:05:41,666 --> 00:05:44,533 It's being touched by an immediate sensation in a moment. 161 00:05:45,166 --> 00:05:46,133 OK 162 00:05:46,133 --> 00:05:50,400 Sariputra and Moganlian followed a large group to the Buddha's Sangha 163 00:05:50,633 --> 00:05:52,833 Soon acquired an unusual location 164 00:05:53,600 --> 00:05:54,800 The Buddha himself announced 165 00:05:54,933 --> 00:05:57,166 Shariputra is one of my disciples 166 00:05:57,166 --> 00:05:57,966 Wisdom first 167 00:05:58,433 --> 00:06:00,066 Mukanlian is the first supernatural power 168 00:06:00,500 --> 00:06:01,600 These two titles 169 00:06:01,600 --> 00:06:03,300 In the context of Chinese Buddhism 170 00:06:03,333 --> 00:06:05,433 It has become almost two fixed labels 171 00:06:05,766 --> 00:06:06,966 A mention of Shariputra 172 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:08,200 It's wisdom first. 173 00:06:08,766 --> 00:06:10,066 Ichimeganlian 174 00:06:10,100 --> 00:06:11,266 Avatar number one 175 00:06:11,733 --> 00:06:13,666 The Story of Mukanlian Saving His Mother from Hell 176 00:06:14,033 --> 00:06:15,533 Is the direct source of the Obon Festival 177 00:06:16,500 --> 00:06:17,833 But in the folk circulation 178 00:06:18,033 --> 00:06:21,500 This plot is like another story that also has a mother-saving plot 179 00:06:21,933 --> 00:06:23,800 Kiso Bodhisattva Savior 180 00:06:23,800 --> 00:06:25,166 Gradually confused 181 00:06:25,200 --> 00:06:28,266 So many people can't tell the protagonists of the two stories apart 182 00:06:28,866 --> 00:06:30,800 But these labels and spin-off stories 183 00:06:31,066 --> 00:06:32,600 Hiding something more important 184 00:06:33,266 --> 00:06:35,300 Wisdom first and supernatural powers first 185 00:06:35,666 --> 00:06:37,766 In the entire teaching system of the Buddha 186 00:06:37,766 --> 00:06:40,033 Not just the personal characteristics of two people 187 00:06:40,066 --> 00:06:43,300 They represent two different spiritual paths 188 00:06:43,333 --> 00:06:46,433 And the value differences behind these two paths 189 00:06:47,433 --> 00:06:48,666 Let's start with Avatar 190 00:06:49,233 --> 00:06:50,133 Avatar 191 00:06:50,166 --> 00:06:51,900 Sanskrit Apirona 192 00:06:51,900 --> 00:06:56,266 Refers to certain abilities that can be developed after deep meditation 193 00:06:57,000 --> 00:06:59,366 Six magical powers are recorded in the Pali Scriptures 194 00:06:59,866 --> 00:07:01,500 Shentong 195 00:07:01,500 --> 00:07:03,466 Can fly and change bodies 196 00:07:04,200 --> 00:07:05,033 tianertong 197 00:07:05,033 --> 00:07:06,700 Distant sounds can be heard 198 00:07:07,500 --> 00:07:08,366 He knows 199 00:07:08,366 --> 00:07:10,466 You can know what other people are thinking. 200 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:11,866 Destiny Pass 201 00:07:11,900 --> 00:07:13,833 Can remember past life experiences 202 00:07:14,500 --> 00:07:15,333 Skyvision 203 00:07:15,333 --> 00:07:18,133 You can see where all beings are reborn after death 204 00:07:18,866 --> 00:07:20,366 missed pass 205 00:07:20,933 --> 00:07:23,500 I completely realize that my troubles are over 206 00:07:24,200 --> 00:07:25,900 It is a testament to liberation 207 00:07:25,933 --> 00:07:27,166 And liberation itself 208 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:29,766 Is the core goal of the Buddha's system of practice 209 00:07:30,566 --> 00:07:32,000 Of these six supernatural powers 210 00:07:32,033 --> 00:07:34,100 The first five are by-products of meditation 211 00:07:34,500 --> 00:07:38,966 A similar phenomenon is documented in many other religions and spiritual traditions 212 00:07:39,733 --> 00:07:41,566 The sixth leakage pass 213 00:07:41,566 --> 00:07:45,033 This is the true core of the Buddha's system of practice 214 00:07:45,466 --> 00:07:46,600 Complete liberation 215 00:07:46,633 --> 00:07:47,966 No longer driven by reincarnation 216 00:07:48,366 --> 00:07:50,200 The Buddha's attitude towards divine powers 217 00:07:50,200 --> 00:07:52,000 It's a very delicate subject. 218 00:07:52,500 --> 00:07:53,366 On one hand. 219 00:07:53,400 --> 00:07:55,266 He admitted that the powers were real 220 00:07:55,266 --> 00:07:58,066 He also acknowledges that Muganlian's magical powers are real 221 00:07:58,600 --> 00:08:03,666 And on many occasions, he acquiesced to Muganlian's display of supernatural powers to help save people 222 00:08:04,066 --> 00:08:04,866 On the other hand. 223 00:08:05,066 --> 00:08:06,233 He is in many classics 224 00:08:06,533 --> 00:08:11,000 It is expressly forbidden for monks to show off their supernatural powers in front of ordinary lay believers 225 00:08:11,566 --> 00:08:13,000 Here's another famous metaphor. 226 00:08:13,400 --> 00:08:16,233 He said to show supernatural powers in front of the outside world 227 00:08:16,233 --> 00:08:19,833 Like a Brahmin woman displaying her decorations on the road 228 00:08:19,833 --> 00:08:20,733 Is inappropriate 229 00:08:21,233 --> 00:08:22,700 What's the logic behind this? 230 00:08:23,200 --> 00:08:25,000 Avatar is not liberation 231 00:08:25,700 --> 00:08:26,766 People with supernatural powers 232 00:08:26,933 --> 00:08:27,933 Not necessarily wise 233 00:08:28,166 --> 00:08:29,300 Wise person 234 00:08:29,433 --> 00:08:30,566 You don't need superpowers. 235 00:08:31,200 --> 00:08:33,700 Avatar is a landscape that may be encountered on the road 236 00:08:34,333 --> 00:08:36,633 But if you think of the landscape as a destination 237 00:08:36,966 --> 00:08:37,833 And you get lost. 238 00:08:38,366 --> 00:08:39,266 And here's what's even more dangerous. 239 00:08:39,466 --> 00:08:41,133 Avatar for ordinary people 240 00:08:41,466 --> 00:08:44,200 It's very easy to turn into attracting followers and establishing authority 241 00:08:44,600 --> 00:08:46,900 Even tools for accumulating wealth and status 242 00:08:47,466 --> 00:08:50,233 Once the supernatural powers are linked to these worldly interests 243 00:08:50,700 --> 00:08:52,766 It ceases to be a by-product of the practice 244 00:08:52,766 --> 00:08:54,733 It has become the starting point for the practice of depravity 245 00:08:55,300 --> 00:08:58,000 This is why Muganlian is the first supernatural power 246 00:08:58,566 --> 00:09:00,800 But the Buddha ranked Shariputra ahead of him 247 00:09:01,033 --> 00:09:02,300 It's called wisdom first. 248 00:09:03,333 --> 00:09:04,933 In the Buddha's value system 249 00:09:05,133 --> 00:09:08,900 Truthfully understand the impermanence, suffering, and selflessness of all dharma 250 00:09:09,233 --> 00:09:10,633 The insight itself 251 00:09:10,666 --> 00:09:13,433 Forever more fundamental than any supernatural ability 252 00:09:13,600 --> 00:09:16,200 But that's not to say that Moganlian isn't important. 253 00:09:16,866 --> 00:09:20,966 Moganlian has a very specific, functional role within the Sangha. 254 00:09:21,900 --> 00:09:23,300 He manages the affairs of the Sangha 255 00:09:23,666 --> 00:09:24,733 Deal with all kinds of troubles 256 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:30,166 Use his abilities to help those who cannot be helped in ordinary ways 257 00:09:31,033 --> 00:09:32,833 In many Pali scriptures 258 00:09:33,400 --> 00:09:37,800 Muganlian will use his abilities to probe the spiritual state of certain monks 259 00:09:38,433 --> 00:09:40,233 To deal with some internal problems within the Sangha 260 00:09:41,100 --> 00:09:42,033 He was a man of action. 261 00:09:42,866 --> 00:09:43,866 And Shariputra 262 00:09:44,133 --> 00:09:45,233 Is a thinker 263 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:47,866 He was in the development of Abhidharma 264 00:09:47,900 --> 00:09:51,233 Recognized by later traditions as one of the core contributors 265 00:09:51,800 --> 00:09:54,066 Although this historical judgment itself is controversial 266 00:09:54,500 --> 00:09:58,833 Because the final formation of the Abhidharma took place hundreds of years after the death of the Buddha 267 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:02,566 But there is a great deal of Sariputra in the Pali Scriptures. 268 00:10:02,566 --> 00:10:05,733 A refined and systematic analysis of the Buddha's teachings 269 00:10:06,300 --> 00:10:07,500 His style of speaking 270 00:10:07,700 --> 00:10:10,333 Not the same as the Buddha's lively and agile way of talking about machines 271 00:10:10,966 --> 00:10:14,166 He tended to spread out what the Buddha said in various places. 272 00:10:14,533 --> 00:10:16,700 Into logically structured systems. 273 00:10:16,900 --> 00:10:17,766 There is a detail 274 00:10:17,933 --> 00:10:20,066 I think it particularly explains the temperament of Shariputra 275 00:10:20,400 --> 00:10:22,600 There is a passage in the Pali Scriptures 276 00:10:22,933 --> 00:10:24,366 Shariputra asked the Buddha 277 00:10:24,433 --> 00:10:25,766 Before this era 278 00:10:25,900 --> 00:10:26,966 Are there any other Buddhas? 279 00:10:27,733 --> 00:10:28,633 Buddha said 280 00:10:28,633 --> 00:10:29,200 Yes. 281 00:10:29,333 --> 00:10:30,466 Seven Buddhas in the past 282 00:10:30,700 --> 00:10:31,800 Asked Shariputra 283 00:10:31,933 --> 00:10:33,233 The Buddhist Sangha 284 00:10:33,400 --> 00:10:35,066 Does it last long? 285 00:10:35,566 --> 00:10:36,533 Buddha said 286 00:10:36,533 --> 00:10:37,666 Some lasted. 287 00:10:37,666 --> 00:10:38,466 Some don't. 288 00:10:38,666 --> 00:10:39,766 Shariputra asks again 289 00:10:39,933 --> 00:10:42,000 Why do some persist and some don't? 290 00:10:42,166 --> 00:10:43,033 Buddha said 291 00:10:43,166 --> 00:10:44,366 Those that last 292 00:10:44,366 --> 00:10:46,033 It is because detailed laws have been formulated 293 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:48,833 It's because the disciples have an agreement with each other 294 00:10:48,833 --> 00:10:49,733 There is consensus 295 00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:50,933 In this conversation 296 00:10:51,166 --> 00:10:53,333 Shariputra is asking a systemic question. 297 00:10:53,866 --> 00:10:55,866 What makes a legacy last? 298 00:10:56,300 --> 00:10:58,733 This is not a question of self-liberation 299 00:10:59,366 --> 00:11:01,366 It's a question of the fate of the teachings. 300 00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:02,833 This detail 301 00:11:03,066 --> 00:11:04,966 Let us see the first person of wisdom 302 00:11:05,100 --> 00:11:07,366 What do you really care about? 303 00:11:07,900 --> 00:11:09,233 Not a personal superpower 304 00:11:09,366 --> 00:11:10,733 It's not a personal achievement. 305 00:11:11,166 --> 00:11:12,633 It's this set of insights. 306 00:11:12,800 --> 00:11:14,900 How can we survive in time? 307 00:11:15,300 --> 00:11:18,100 Let more people have access to it 308 00:11:18,400 --> 00:11:20,800 Now let's talk about something that's rarely talked about. 309 00:11:21,133 --> 00:11:23,233 Shariputra before the Buddha's death 310 00:11:23,500 --> 00:11:24,200 Died first 311 00:11:24,933 --> 00:11:26,533 According to the Pali Scriptures 312 00:11:27,100 --> 00:11:30,100 Before he realized he was going to die 313 00:11:30,366 --> 00:11:32,000 He made a special trip back to his birthplace 314 00:11:32,366 --> 00:11:33,133 His mother 315 00:11:33,966 --> 00:11:36,033 His mother was not a Buddhist. 316 00:11:36,033 --> 00:11:38,000 They were followers of the Brahmin tradition. 317 00:11:38,666 --> 00:11:39,466 He goes back 318 00:11:39,466 --> 00:11:41,433 In the house where I was born 319 00:11:41,433 --> 00:11:42,233 Sick 320 00:11:42,333 --> 00:11:43,066 bed rest 321 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:44,033 And he died. 322 00:11:44,733 --> 00:11:46,066 But before he died 323 00:11:46,333 --> 00:11:47,300 And here's what happened. 324 00:11:47,833 --> 00:11:48,733 His mother. 325 00:11:48,733 --> 00:11:51,966 I have always been angry about my son's monk practice 326 00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:55,400 She thought her son was the son of a Brahmin priest 327 00:11:55,433 --> 00:11:57,666 Should have continued the family's religious traditions 328 00:11:58,133 --> 00:11:59,733 He ended up following a sandman 329 00:12:00,433 --> 00:12:02,266 This is a family loss and failure 330 00:12:03,133 --> 00:12:04,233 She resented it. 331 00:12:04,433 --> 00:12:05,233 Many years 332 00:12:05,933 --> 00:12:08,733 Then those days when Shariputra was sick in bed 333 00:12:08,966 --> 00:12:10,266 All kinds of gods came to visit him 334 00:12:11,033 --> 00:12:12,600 According to some editions 335 00:12:12,900 --> 00:12:13,866 Emperor Shitian is here 336 00:12:14,100 --> 00:12:14,800 Brahma is here. 337 00:12:15,266 --> 00:12:17,333 In many of Pali's classic cosmologies 338 00:12:17,900 --> 00:12:19,366 These are extremely high existences 339 00:12:19,933 --> 00:12:21,366 His mother was standing in the doorway. 340 00:12:21,666 --> 00:12:23,700 Saw the existence of these visiting sons 341 00:12:24,033 --> 00:12:25,066 Suddenly realized 342 00:12:25,100 --> 00:12:26,166 Who is her son? 343 00:12:26,733 --> 00:12:28,033 It is said that at that moment 344 00:12:28,133 --> 00:12:29,233 This Brahmin woman 345 00:12:29,400 --> 00:12:30,900 Insights that bear fruit 346 00:12:31,433 --> 00:12:32,600 The death of Shariputra 347 00:12:32,966 --> 00:12:35,433 Became the entrance to his mother's path of spiritual enlightenment 348 00:12:36,066 --> 00:12:37,400 I want to stop here. 349 00:12:37,400 --> 00:12:40,066 To give you a sense of the narrative structure of the event 350 00:12:40,966 --> 00:12:43,400 A person who has explored the law with a lifetime of wisdom 351 00:12:43,400 --> 00:12:45,066 In the final moments of life 352 00:12:45,100 --> 00:12:46,666 Not in the Sangha 353 00:12:46,666 --> 00:12:49,566 Did not leave quietly in meditation 354 00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:51,533 It's back to where it started. 355 00:12:51,533 --> 00:12:53,766 Returned to his mother 356 00:12:53,800 --> 00:12:54,866 With your own death 357 00:12:54,866 --> 00:12:56,166 Opened a window for her 358 00:12:57,366 --> 00:12:59,266 This is a human being. 359 00:12:59,266 --> 00:13:00,033 Not a label 360 00:13:01,033 --> 00:13:03,466 The news of Sariputra's death reached the Buddha 361 00:13:04,300 --> 00:13:06,133 Ananda went to tell the Buddha 362 00:13:06,166 --> 00:13:07,966 The Buddha said something 363 00:13:07,966 --> 00:13:10,166 It was later recorded in the Bari Classics 364 00:13:10,333 --> 00:13:11,133 It's the following. 365 00:13:11,933 --> 00:13:12,666 Ananda 366 00:13:12,833 --> 00:13:13,700 Sharifah is gone 367 00:13:13,966 --> 00:13:15,033 I looked at the Sangha 368 00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:17,866 Like a tree that has lost its heart 369 00:13:18,633 --> 00:13:19,466 But 370 00:13:19,500 --> 00:13:20,600 The law of the Tathagata is still there 371 00:13:21,633 --> 00:13:22,800 Act according to the law 372 00:13:22,833 --> 00:13:23,866 The best memorial 373 00:13:24,933 --> 00:13:26,533 Did you notice the detail in this sentence? 374 00:13:27,433 --> 00:13:28,733 The Buddha used a word 375 00:13:28,933 --> 00:13:29,733 heartwood 376 00:13:30,166 --> 00:13:31,700 Sariputra for the Sangha 377 00:13:31,933 --> 00:13:32,766 It's a heartwood. 378 00:13:33,666 --> 00:13:34,700 Not a flower 379 00:13:34,700 --> 00:13:35,700 It's not a landscape. 380 00:13:36,166 --> 00:13:38,333 It's the essence of a support structure. 381 00:13:38,933 --> 00:13:40,300 Then Muganlian left 382 00:13:41,100 --> 00:13:42,100 The death of Mukanlian 383 00:13:42,333 --> 00:13:44,366 More impactful than Shariputra's death 384 00:13:44,666 --> 00:13:47,000 It also reveals a problem more difficult to avoid 385 00:13:47,866 --> 00:13:49,433 According to the Pali Scriptures 386 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:53,266 Muganyen was stoned to death by an assassin hired by outsiders 387 00:13:54,000 --> 00:13:55,866 A person with the first supernatural powers 388 00:13:56,033 --> 00:13:58,566 One is said to be able to fly and shrink its body 389 00:13:59,133 --> 00:14:01,000 People who can travel in different dimensions 390 00:14:01,300 --> 00:14:03,066 How could he be stoned to death? 391 00:14:03,800 --> 00:14:04,800 This question 392 00:14:05,033 --> 00:14:07,600 In the early Buddhist tradition, there are various interpretations 393 00:14:08,366 --> 00:14:10,866 One of the most popular versions is 394 00:14:11,033 --> 00:14:15,000 Mugarian is using his supernatural powers as a final retaliation 395 00:14:15,733 --> 00:14:17,766 According to the later annotation tradition 396 00:14:18,300 --> 00:14:19,766 In his distant past 397 00:14:20,066 --> 00:14:21,733 He was once because of being instigated 398 00:14:21,866 --> 00:14:23,100 Abused his parents 399 00:14:23,533 --> 00:14:26,133 Take them into the forest and beat them to death with clubs 400 00:14:26,500 --> 00:14:28,266 An attack disguised as a thief 401 00:14:28,833 --> 00:14:30,233 The seed of karma 402 00:14:30,466 --> 00:14:32,600 After he became the first practitioner of supernatural powers 403 00:14:32,866 --> 00:14:33,500 Still there. 404 00:14:34,200 --> 00:14:36,266 When the fruit of this karma is ripe 405 00:14:36,566 --> 00:14:38,233 Even the magic of Mugarian 406 00:14:38,533 --> 00:14:39,333 Can't avoid 407 00:14:40,200 --> 00:14:42,300 The first time he was attacked by an assassin 408 00:14:42,300 --> 00:14:43,566 Escaped with superpowers 409 00:14:44,200 --> 00:14:45,366 Then it was found again 410 00:14:45,766 --> 00:14:46,700 Then run away 411 00:14:47,333 --> 00:14:48,266 Such an escape 412 00:14:48,400 --> 00:14:50,033 According to different versions of the records 413 00:14:50,133 --> 00:14:51,066 Happened multiple times 414 00:14:51,866 --> 00:14:52,700 Until the end 415 00:14:52,933 --> 00:14:54,533 He gave up trying to escape completely. 416 00:14:54,800 --> 00:14:56,666 Let those stones hit him 417 00:14:57,266 --> 00:14:58,200 Some versions say 418 00:14:58,500 --> 00:15:01,166 He was able to escape at the last moment 419 00:15:01,300 --> 00:15:02,666 But he chose not to escape 420 00:15:03,300 --> 00:15:07,133 There's a question at the heart of the whole Buddhist theology. 421 00:15:07,900 --> 00:15:09,533 Can supernatural powers change karma? 422 00:15:09,933 --> 00:15:11,700 In the Buddha's teaching system 423 00:15:11,966 --> 00:15:13,333 And the answer is very clear. 424 00:15:13,800 --> 00:15:14,366 No. 425 00:15:14,966 --> 00:15:16,766 Avatar is a by-product of meditation 426 00:15:17,100 --> 00:15:19,366 Is the ability to operate in a phenomenal world 427 00:15:19,800 --> 00:15:20,733 But karma 428 00:15:20,733 --> 00:15:22,966 It's the causal link between seed and fruit. 429 00:15:23,533 --> 00:15:25,066 Avatar can fly over mountains 430 00:15:25,366 --> 00:15:27,566 But superpowers cannot transcend cause and effect 431 00:15:27,733 --> 00:15:29,500 A man with all the supernatural powers 432 00:15:29,500 --> 00:15:33,066 If the seeds of harm to others are planted in a certain past 433 00:15:33,633 --> 00:15:35,166 The fruit of that seed 434 00:15:35,166 --> 00:15:36,433 He will still be used 435 00:15:36,966 --> 00:15:37,933 This logic 436 00:15:37,966 --> 00:15:39,300 To modern ears 437 00:15:39,300 --> 00:15:41,033 May have a cruel taste 438 00:15:41,466 --> 00:15:43,600 But within the framework of the Buddha's practice 439 00:15:43,633 --> 00:15:46,300 It points in a very profound direction. 440 00:15:46,800 --> 00:15:48,100 The goal of practice 441 00:15:48,133 --> 00:15:51,200 Not to get the super plugin in the reincarnation game 442 00:15:51,233 --> 00:15:54,433 It's about fundamentally changing the nature of the seed. 443 00:15:54,433 --> 00:15:55,700 No more creating new causes of suffering 444 00:15:56,466 --> 00:15:57,666 True liberation 445 00:15:57,666 --> 00:16:00,000 Is the accumulation of no new karma 446 00:16:00,100 --> 00:16:02,533 Instead of bypassing existing karma with God-pass 447 00:16:02,900 --> 00:16:04,533 When Muganlian died 448 00:16:04,533 --> 00:16:05,500 The bones are broken 449 00:16:06,066 --> 00:16:07,933 The disciples brought his body back 450 00:16:07,966 --> 00:16:08,833 Told the Buddha 451 00:16:09,033 --> 00:16:11,600 When the Buddha heard the news of Mukanlian's death 452 00:16:11,700 --> 00:16:13,100 What the contrast hills say 453 00:16:13,100 --> 00:16:14,033 It's the following. 454 00:16:14,600 --> 00:16:15,433 monks 455 00:16:15,433 --> 00:16:16,333 These two lamps 456 00:16:16,466 --> 00:16:17,066 extinguished 457 00:16:17,700 --> 00:16:18,666 Two Lamps 458 00:16:18,833 --> 00:16:20,466 Sariputra and Moganlian 459 00:16:20,466 --> 00:16:21,466 These two lamps 460 00:16:21,500 --> 00:16:22,300 It's all out. 461 00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:23,966 Here we go. 462 00:16:24,166 --> 00:16:25,866 The Buddha gave a comparison 463 00:16:25,900 --> 00:16:29,233 Let the monks present deeply remember his intention 464 00:16:29,733 --> 00:16:30,466 So he says. 465 00:16:30,500 --> 00:16:31,766 A long time ago 466 00:16:31,766 --> 00:16:33,366 There was a Pizhi Buddha. 467 00:16:33,400 --> 00:16:34,666 Before the destruction 468 00:16:34,666 --> 00:16:35,966 On a full moon night 469 00:16:36,000 --> 00:16:37,633 Gather his disciples 470 00:16:37,666 --> 00:16:39,400 Ask if you have any questions 471 00:16:39,900 --> 00:16:40,800 No questions asked. 472 00:16:41,166 --> 00:16:43,366 So he was on that full moon night 473 00:16:43,400 --> 00:16:44,433 Complete annihilation 474 00:16:45,100 --> 00:16:46,100 Buddha said 475 00:16:46,233 --> 00:16:47,066 Here it is. 476 00:16:47,066 --> 00:16:48,866 The monks of the Pizhi Buddha 477 00:16:48,866 --> 00:16:50,033 That's how it ended. 478 00:16:50,333 --> 00:16:52,866 A complete, static farewell 479 00:16:53,433 --> 00:16:54,333 But I 480 00:16:54,366 --> 00:16:55,000 different 481 00:16:55,500 --> 00:16:56,466 In my Sangha 482 00:16:56,733 --> 00:16:59,333 Shariputra and Moganlian walked ahead of me 483 00:16:59,900 --> 00:17:01,566 I am standing in an empty field 484 00:17:01,800 --> 00:17:03,866 Without these two lamps 485 00:17:03,900 --> 00:17:04,733 Keep talking 486 00:17:05,200 --> 00:17:06,133 empty field 487 00:17:06,133 --> 00:17:07,933 It's a word uttered by the Buddha himself 488 00:17:08,633 --> 00:17:10,266 A person who has realized 489 00:17:10,300 --> 00:17:11,266 Facing the empty field 490 00:17:11,300 --> 00:17:12,566 What do you feel? 491 00:17:13,133 --> 00:17:16,366 And I don't want to give a neat answer to that question here. 492 00:17:16,400 --> 00:17:20,400 Because neat answers would take away the weight of the matter. 493 00:17:20,900 --> 00:17:22,900 I'm just going to put it here. 494 00:17:23,733 --> 00:17:24,533 OK 495 00:17:24,833 --> 00:17:27,200 Let's now take a historical perspective 496 00:17:27,200 --> 00:17:30,300 It's about putting these two people in the bigger picture. 497 00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:32,766 Sariputra and Moganlian 498 00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:34,800 The routes they each represent 499 00:17:34,833 --> 00:17:36,066 After they passed away 500 00:17:36,100 --> 00:17:37,600 Didn't disappear with them 501 00:17:38,266 --> 00:17:39,466 The Route of Wisdom 502 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:41,200 After the death of the Buddha 503 00:17:41,400 --> 00:17:45,233 Developed into a system with the Buddha's teachings as its core task 504 00:17:45,233 --> 00:17:46,566 Abidamo tradition 505 00:17:47,133 --> 00:17:51,033 And later sects that were extremely sophisticated in doctrinal analysis 506 00:17:51,700 --> 00:17:55,133 Theravada retains the line of wisdom closest to its original form 507 00:17:55,600 --> 00:17:59,700 Using Zen to Truthfully Know the Impermanence and Selflessness of the Five Aggregates 508 00:18:00,466 --> 00:18:01,600 Avatar route 509 00:18:01,733 --> 00:18:03,300 In a longer timeline 510 00:18:03,433 --> 00:18:05,166 Has a very interesting fate 511 00:18:05,766 --> 00:18:07,100 In early Buddhism 512 00:18:07,300 --> 00:18:08,966 Avatar is strictly constrained 513 00:18:09,666 --> 00:18:11,233 It is not the goal of the practice 514 00:18:11,266 --> 00:18:13,333 It's a by-product that should be managed. 515 00:18:13,900 --> 00:18:15,366 But with the spread of Buddhism 516 00:18:15,766 --> 00:18:17,600 As it enters different cultural soils 517 00:18:18,033 --> 00:18:20,666 The attraction of supernatural powers is becoming increasingly difficult to manage 518 00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:23,700 During the spread of many folk Buddhists 519 00:18:23,700 --> 00:18:26,900 Avatar is easier to display than wisdom 520 00:18:27,200 --> 00:18:29,666 Something easier to convince ordinary people 521 00:18:30,033 --> 00:18:31,300 Emptiness is hard. 522 00:18:31,400 --> 00:18:32,933 The three seals are difficult 523 00:18:33,100 --> 00:18:34,933 But a monk who can fly in the air 524 00:18:35,266 --> 00:18:37,000 Practitioners who can see past lives 525 00:18:37,400 --> 00:18:39,200 Someone who can subdue demons and exorcise demons 526 00:18:39,800 --> 00:18:41,900 His influence was immediate 527 00:18:42,433 --> 00:18:43,266 This tension 528 00:18:43,400 --> 00:18:46,466 The tension between the wisdom route and the supernatural route 529 00:18:46,966 --> 00:18:50,033 The era of disciples did not begin with the Buddha 530 00:18:50,700 --> 00:18:53,500 But throughout the history of communication after the Buddha's death 531 00:18:53,833 --> 00:18:56,200 Repeatedly and in different forms 532 00:18:56,833 --> 00:18:57,400 Certainly. 533 00:18:57,400 --> 00:18:59,366 It's a very simplistic description. 534 00:18:59,866 --> 00:19:02,666 The rise of esotericism has a more complex intellectual history background 535 00:19:03,200 --> 00:19:06,233 I'm just starting from the main line of supernatural powers and wisdom here 536 00:19:06,600 --> 00:19:08,533 Point out a directional tension 537 00:19:09,300 --> 00:19:11,966 And the Theravada's strict management attitude towards supernatural powers 538 00:19:12,300 --> 00:19:14,966 It is the continuation of the line of wisdom in another context 539 00:19:15,466 --> 00:19:16,833 From this perspective 540 00:19:17,066 --> 00:19:18,700 Sariputra and Moganlian 541 00:19:18,933 --> 00:19:20,766 More than just two historical figures 542 00:19:20,800 --> 00:19:23,833 They were the prototypes for two ways of spreading Buddhism. 543 00:19:23,833 --> 00:19:26,333 It is the living embodiment of two understandings of the nature of spiritual practice 544 00:19:26,933 --> 00:19:29,233 And the Buddha put the Shariputra in front of him. 545 00:19:29,766 --> 00:19:32,466 Put wisdom first before supernatural power first 546 00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:34,833 The arrangement of the location itself 547 00:19:34,833 --> 00:19:36,733 It was the clearest statement he ever made 548 00:19:37,333 --> 00:19:39,900 Practice is not about becoming stronger in this world 549 00:19:40,500 --> 00:19:43,633 Practice is to see through the workings of the world 550 00:19:43,900 --> 00:19:45,300 And we're free from that. 551 00:19:45,933 --> 00:19:46,966 Know the truth 552 00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:48,800 Forever more important than supernatural powers 553 00:19:49,500 --> 00:19:51,366 But knowledge itself cannot be flaunted 554 00:19:51,466 --> 00:19:52,566 Cannot be marketed 555 00:19:52,866 --> 00:19:54,400 It cannot be regarded as a miracle 556 00:19:55,166 --> 00:19:57,000 It can only be practiced quietly 557 00:19:57,633 --> 00:19:59,766 By one serious living person after another 558 00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:01,133 In your own life 559 00:20:01,133 --> 00:20:02,300 Verify slowly 560 00:20:02,933 --> 00:20:05,666 This is perhaps why the story of Shariputra 561 00:20:05,933 --> 00:20:07,966 Fewer stories are told than those of Moganlian 562 00:20:08,566 --> 00:20:10,666 Wisdom is not as good as supernatural powers 563 00:20:10,666 --> 00:20:11,300 easy to remember 564 00:20:11,566 --> 00:20:12,266 Good spread 565 00:20:12,833 --> 00:20:14,266 2,500 years later 566 00:20:14,633 --> 00:20:16,633 This reality remains unchanged 567 00:20:17,566 --> 00:20:18,500 About this episode 568 00:20:18,733 --> 00:20:20,033 I have a couple of questions for you. 569 00:20:20,800 --> 00:20:24,033 In the Buddhist or spiritual traditions that you are exposed to 570 00:20:24,500 --> 00:20:29,100 Do you feel this tension between the path of wisdom and the path of supernatural powers? 571 00:20:30,133 --> 00:20:32,233 What is your own judgment on these two routes? 572 00:20:32,666 --> 00:20:33,433 and 573 00:20:33,433 --> 00:20:34,900 A more fundamental question 574 00:20:35,200 --> 00:20:36,533 The Life of Shariputra 575 00:20:36,733 --> 00:20:38,633 Gave us the most thorough demonstration 576 00:20:39,200 --> 00:20:41,633 His wisdom never needed to be seen 577 00:20:42,233 --> 00:20:43,500 So I want to ask you 578 00:20:43,766 --> 00:20:46,200 If only you know the fruits of your practice 579 00:20:46,700 --> 00:20:49,066 Nothing to show anyone 580 00:20:49,500 --> 00:20:50,933 Are you still willing to continue practicing? 581 00:20:51,633 --> 00:20:52,533 This question 582 00:20:52,666 --> 00:20:54,800 In the story of Shariputra and Mogaryan 583 00:20:55,033 --> 00:20:57,400 Two very different ways of living have been given 584 00:20:58,033 --> 00:21:00,600 Please let me know what you think in the comment section. 585 00:21:00,833 --> 00:21:04,200 Also feel free to tell me what topic you would most like to hear in the next issue 586 00:21:04,766 --> 00:21:05,966 I am Wang Lijie 587 00:21:06,200 --> 00:21:07,200 See you next time.