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法华经 说

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佛陀前世只会一件事

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给人鞠躬

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上期我们拆了 法华经 的第一张牌

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会三归一

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佛陀花了四十年分别教了三条路

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最后告诉你

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从头到尾只有一条

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所有路

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通向同一个终点

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但你有没有想过一个问题

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既然法只有一个

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为什么有人听了当场开悟

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有人听了十年才开窍

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还有人听了一辈子

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什么也没听进去

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同一个老师

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同一番话

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效果为什么差了十万八千里

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法华经 第五品给了一个答案

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这一次它没讲道理

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用了个比喻

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哈喽

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大家好

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我是王利杰

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法华经 的比喻向来不客气

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上期的火宅喻

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把众生比作困在着火房子里还在玩泥巴的孩子

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这一期的药草喻

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画面安静了很多

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但杀伤力一点也不小

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它说

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天上有一朵大云

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这朵云覆盖了整个大千世界

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然后下了一场雨

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同一场雨

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同一种水

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落在所有地方

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但地上的植物不一样

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有小草

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有灌木

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有大树

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每一种植物根系深浅不同

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叶片大小不同

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能吸收的水量不同

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同一场雨浇下来

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每一棵植物各取所需

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长成了完全不同的样子

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经文里把植物分成了五类

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小药草 中药草 上药草 小树 大树

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然后佛陀说了一句很关键的话

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他说

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佛平等说

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如一味雨

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注意这个词

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一味

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佛陀的法就像雨水

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只有一个味道

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但每棵草尝到的味道不一样

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你注意到了吗

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佛陀不是在说某些人聪明某些人笨

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他在说一件比这深得多的事

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雨没有变

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水没有变

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变的是根

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这意味着什么

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意味着法只有一个

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但接收永远是差异化的

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这不是教学的失败

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这是教学的本质

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一个老师没办法让所有学生听到一模一样的东西

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不是因为老师讲得不好

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也不是因为学生不努力

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而是因为每一棵草

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本来就带着不同的根来到这片土地上

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如果你看过我之前拆唯识的那几期

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你会立刻听出来

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这就是种子的另一个版本

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每个人的阿赖耶识里储存的种子不一样

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结构不一样

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成熟度也不一样

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遇到同样的法雨

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被激活的种子当然就不同

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有人听到无常

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心里咯噔一下

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好像突然看清了什么

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有人听到同样的无常

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左耳进右耳出

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因为那颗种子还没到时候

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法华经 讲这个比喻的时候

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讲的其实是一个今天教育学也在研究的问题

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同样的课程

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不同的学生

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产出完全不同的理解

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这不是系统出了故障

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这就是系统正常的运行方式

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但这里面隐藏着一个让人不太舒服的结论

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如果差异是天然的

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如果每棵草的根在出生的时候就已经定了

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那是不是意味着有些人注定接收不到

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是不是意味着有些人就是没有那个根器

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怎么教都没用

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药草喻如果单独来看

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好像确实在说这件事

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但 法华经 是一本你不能拆着读的经

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它的答案永远不在当前这一品里

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它的答案藏在后面

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药草喻说到这里

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已经够震撼了

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但 法华经 没有停

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它后面还藏着一品

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叫常不轻菩萨品

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第二十品

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这一品和前面的药草喻隔了十五品

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但如果你把它们放在一起读

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你会发现这两品其实是一个完整论述的上下篇

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我第一次读到常不轻品的时候

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说实话

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愣了很久

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故事是这样的

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很久很久以前

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有一个出家人

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经文说他不专读诵经典

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什么常规的佛门功课都不做

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他只做一件事

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遇到人就鞠躬

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不管遇到谁

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出家的在家的

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男的女的

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修行人还是路人

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他都走过去

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恭恭敬敬地鞠一个躬

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然后说一句话

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这句话 法华经 里记得清清楚楚

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原文是

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我深敬汝等

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不敢轻慢

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所以者何

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汝等皆行菩萨道

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当得作佛

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大白话就是

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我打心底尊敬你

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不敢看不起你

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为什么

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因为你一定会成佛的

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你注意到了吗

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他说的不是你会成阿罗汉

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不是你会证个初果

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他说的是你会成佛

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这是 法华经 会三归一之后最激进的一句话

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在佛陀花了前面十九品告诉你只有一佛乘之后

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这个和尚把这句话变成了日常行动

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他不是在讲道理

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他把道理活成了一种行为

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你想想这个画面

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一个和尚

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经也不读

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法也不讲

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满大街给人鞠躬

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逢人就说你要成佛了

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你猜周围人什么反应

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骂他

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笑话他

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拿石头扔他

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有人追着他打

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经文写得很直白

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比丘 比丘尼 居士们

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又骂又打

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他们骂他什么呢

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他们说

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你这个没智慧的和尚

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凭什么给我们授记

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我们用不着你来说我们能成佛

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这个反应你仔细想想

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其实非常有意思

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那些骂他的人

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恰恰是当时的修行人

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他们有自己的修行方法

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有自己对修行阶位的理解

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他们觉得成佛不成佛这种事

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哪是你一个见人就鞠躬的和尚说了算的

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但常不轻不还嘴

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不还手

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跑

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跑出一段距离之后

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回过头来站在远处

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还是大声喊

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我不敢轻慢你们

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你们一定会成佛的

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就这样日复一日

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年复一年

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所以人们给他起了个外号

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叫常不轻

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永远不看轻别人的那个人

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如果故事到这里结束

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你可能觉得这就是一个关于忍辱的寓言

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佛家六度里有一度叫忍辱嘛

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修行嘛

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就是要忍嘛

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但 法华经 在最后给了一个反转

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这个反转一出来

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整个故事的重量完全变了

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佛陀说

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你们知道那个常不轻菩萨是谁吗

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就是我

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他说

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我前世就是那个挨打也鞠躬的和尚

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你先消化一下这句话的意思

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佛陀

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此刻坐在灵山之上

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面对万千弟子讲 法华经 的这个人

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他前世那些年的修行不是打坐

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不是禅定

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不是苦行

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不是辩经

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是给每一个路人鞠躬

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这已经够让人震了

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但佛陀接下来说的更让人坐不住

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他说

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当时那些骂我 打我 拿石头扔我的人

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你们知道他们现在在哪吗

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他们就坐在你们中间

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经文甚至点了名

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佛陀说

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跋陀婆罗等五百菩萨

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师子月等五百比丘

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当初就是那些骂我打我的人

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不过经文没有把这件事说得那么轻巧

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它说这批人因为当年那份嗔恨

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先是千劫在阿鼻地狱受大苦恼

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两百亿劫遇不到佛 听不到法 见不到僧

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罪受完了

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才又一次遇到常不轻

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被他教化

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但因为当年那一次被鞠躬的因缘

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他们最终还是走上了修行的路

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有些人

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此刻已经证了不退转

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你听出来了吗

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常不轻不是在忍辱

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他在种种子

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每鞠一次躬

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每说一句你会成佛的

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他就在对方的心田里埋下了一粒种子

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哪怕对方当时在骂他 在打他 在拼命否定他

246
00:08:16,972 --> 00:08:19,183
那粒种子照样种进去了

247
00:08:19,412 --> 00:08:21,342
该算的账一笔没少

248
00:08:21,532 --> 00:08:23,863
但这粒种子也一粒没丢

249
00:08:24,332 --> 00:08:26,462
因为种子种没种得下去

250
00:08:26,491 --> 00:08:27,782
不看你的态度

251
00:08:28,051 --> 00:08:29,982
它只看有没有接触发生

252
00:08:30,371 --> 00:08:31,243
你骂他也好

253
00:08:31,532 --> 00:08:32,542
打他也好

254
00:08:32,572 --> 00:08:34,222
你跟他产生了交互

255
00:08:34,572 --> 00:08:35,522
交互发生了

256
00:08:35,931 --> 00:08:37,423
缘就种下了

257
00:08:37,731 --> 00:08:39,262
你以为你在否定他

258
00:08:39,452 --> 00:08:41,663
其实你已经被他改变了

259
00:08:41,771 --> 00:08:42,943
只是你不知道

260
00:08:43,891 --> 00:08:45,203
要等很久很久之后

261
00:08:45,371 --> 00:08:46,382
你才会知道

262
00:08:46,926 --> 00:08:47,238
你看

263
00:08:47,646 --> 00:08:49,205
这跟前面的药草喻

264
00:08:49,207 --> 00:08:50,617
刚好构成了一对

265
00:08:51,046 --> 00:08:51,797
药草喻说

266
00:08:52,207 --> 00:08:53,617
同一场雨落下来

267
00:08:53,727 --> 00:08:55,497
每棵草各取所需

268
00:08:55,926 --> 00:08:56,958
根深的多吸收

269
00:08:57,327 --> 00:08:58,698
根浅的少吸收

270
00:08:59,127 --> 00:09:01,218
这是在描述接收端的差异

271
00:09:01,607 --> 00:09:02,678
差异是天然的

272
00:09:02,926 --> 00:09:03,818
你改不了

273
00:09:04,286 --> 00:09:06,137
常不轻做的恰恰相反

274
00:09:06,487 --> 00:09:08,458
他不管你当下接不接得住

275
00:09:08,806 --> 00:09:10,657
他先把雨浇到你头上

276
00:09:10,926 --> 00:09:13,537
他关心的不是你现在能吸收多少

277
00:09:13,686 --> 00:09:17,558
他关心的是在你的根系里多埋一粒种子

278
00:09:17,868 --> 00:09:19,138
你这辈子吸收不了

279
00:09:19,388 --> 00:09:20,319
没关系

280
00:09:20,667 --> 00:09:22,038
种子在那里了

281
00:09:22,427 --> 00:09:24,418
下一世遇到合适的因缘

282
00:09:24,667 --> 00:09:25,719
它会发芽

283
00:09:26,427 --> 00:09:29,398
药草喻讲的是法怎么被接收

284
00:09:30,027 --> 00:09:32,999
常不轻讲的是法怎么被播种

285
00:09:33,427 --> 00:09:34,719
一个关于等待

286
00:09:35,067 --> 00:09:36,278
一个关于主动

287
00:09:36,748 --> 00:09:37,758
放在一起

288
00:09:37,787 --> 00:09:42,038
就是 法华经 对教学这件事最完整的理解

289
00:09:42,653 --> 00:09:45,924
还记得药草喻留下的那个让人不舒服的问题吗

290
00:09:46,492 --> 00:09:48,651
如果根器不同是天然的

291
00:09:48,653 --> 00:09:50,684
是不是有些人注定接收不到

292
00:09:51,612 --> 00:09:54,904
常不轻菩萨品就是 法华经 给出的回答

293
00:09:55,372 --> 00:09:57,264
不是有些人没有根器

294
00:09:57,693 --> 00:10:00,544
是有些人的根器还没有被种下去

295
00:10:01,012 --> 00:10:03,583
常不轻就是那个种根器的人

296
00:10:04,012 --> 00:10:06,144
他不是在等别人准备好

297
00:10:06,492 --> 00:10:09,264
他在替别人创造准备好的条件

298
00:10:09,732 --> 00:10:11,024
哪怕这个条件

299
00:10:11,053 --> 00:10:13,544
要隔好几辈子才能成熟

300
00:10:14,018 --> 00:10:16,428
这就是 法华经 最深处的慈悲

301
00:10:16,778 --> 00:10:18,548
它没有放弃任何一棵草

302
00:10:18,977 --> 00:10:19,328
它说

303
00:10:19,697 --> 00:10:21,548
如果这棵草现在还没有根

304
00:10:21,618 --> 00:10:23,188
那就去给它种一个根

305
00:10:23,498 --> 00:10:25,456
如果这棵草的根还太浅

306
00:10:25,457 --> 00:10:26,828
那就再浇一次水

307
00:10:27,217 --> 00:10:28,188
雨不会停

308
00:10:28,418 --> 00:10:31,269
因为云从来不问地上的草准不准备好

309
00:10:32,495 --> 00:10:33,667
我想起一件事

310
00:10:34,135 --> 00:10:36,506
有一年我跟一个做教育的朋友聊天

311
00:10:36,615 --> 00:10:37,706
他说了一句话

312
00:10:37,775 --> 00:10:39,147
我一直记到现在

313
00:10:39,380 --> 00:10:40,181
他说

314
00:10:40,296 --> 00:10:44,267
好的老师不是让学生在课堂上全听懂的那个人

315
00:10:44,696 --> 00:10:48,307
好的老师是在学生心里钉了一颗钉子的人

316
00:10:48,775 --> 00:10:51,106
那颗钉子可能现在扎不进去

317
00:10:51,216 --> 00:10:52,346
但总有一天

318
00:10:52,416 --> 00:10:54,307
生活会帮它敲进去

319
00:10:54,775 --> 00:10:57,866
我当时没觉得这句话跟佛法有什么关系

320
00:10:58,216 --> 00:11:00,667
后来读到 法华经 常不轻品

321
00:11:00,895 --> 00:11:02,187
突然想起来了

322
00:11:02,576 --> 00:11:04,827
常不轻干的不就是这件事吗

323
00:11:05,375 --> 00:11:07,746
他不在乎你现在听不听得进去

324
00:11:08,176 --> 00:11:10,866
他只管把那颗钉子放在你身上

325
00:11:11,735 --> 00:11:13,934
法华经 更激进的地方在于

326
00:11:13,936 --> 00:11:17,575
它说哪怕那颗钉子放上去的时候你正在反抗

327
00:11:17,576 --> 00:11:18,414
正在骂人

328
00:11:18,416 --> 00:11:19,246
正在扔石头

329
00:11:19,456 --> 00:11:20,827
它照样生效

330
00:11:21,015 --> 00:11:22,527
因为种下去这件事

331
00:11:22,816 --> 00:11:24,147
不需要你同意

332
00:11:24,807 --> 00:11:26,618
你回想一下自己的经历

333
00:11:26,728 --> 00:11:28,618
你这辈子有没有哪个瞬间

334
00:11:28,767 --> 00:11:30,498
你突然想明白了一件事

335
00:11:30,688 --> 00:11:32,378
回溯那个想法的来源

336
00:11:32,488 --> 00:11:36,219
发现它竟然来自很久以前某个人说的某句话

337
00:11:36,608 --> 00:11:38,378
那句话当时你没在意

338
00:11:38,488 --> 00:11:39,978
甚至觉得有点烦

339
00:11:40,167 --> 00:11:41,799
但它一直在你心里待着

340
00:11:42,127 --> 00:11:43,286
安安静静的

341
00:11:43,287 --> 00:11:44,378
等了很多年

342
00:11:44,568 --> 00:11:47,487
然后在某一天你经历了某件事之后

343
00:11:47,488 --> 00:11:48,778
它突然亮了

344
00:11:49,007 --> 00:11:50,778
那个人当年做的事情

345
00:11:50,887 --> 00:11:52,618
就是常不轻做的事情

346
00:11:52,927 --> 00:11:55,788
他在你身上种了一颗种子

347
00:11:56,057 --> 00:11:57,788
而且你有没有想过

348
00:11:57,817 --> 00:11:59,948
常不轻的方法为什么有效

349
00:12:00,536 --> 00:12:02,507
在挨骂挨打的那些年里

350
00:12:02,536 --> 00:12:04,747
他没有讲过任何一个佛学概念

351
00:12:05,136 --> 00:12:08,028
他没有给任何人解释过什么叫空性

352
00:12:08,057 --> 00:12:09,188
什么叫缘起

353
00:12:09,616 --> 00:12:10,895
他唯一做的事情

354
00:12:10,896 --> 00:12:12,587
就是让你感受到一种东西

355
00:12:13,416 --> 00:12:14,387
被看见

356
00:12:14,896 --> 00:12:15,828
被相信

357
00:12:16,297 --> 00:12:17,747
被无条件地尊重

358
00:12:18,416 --> 00:12:20,747
这种感受本身就是种子

359
00:12:21,136 --> 00:12:22,587
它不需要你理解

360
00:12:22,977 --> 00:12:24,775
它直接绕过你的脑子

361
00:12:24,776 --> 00:12:26,227
种在更深的地方

362
00:12:26,641 --> 00:12:28,612
这让我重新理解了一件事

363
00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:31,612
你没办法控制别人什么时候准备好

364
00:12:32,041 --> 00:12:35,972
你也没办法保证你说的每一句话对方都能听进去

365
00:12:36,360 --> 00:12:37,732
但你能做一件事

366
00:12:38,161 --> 00:12:39,951
你能在他还没准备好的时候

367
00:12:40,360 --> 00:12:41,331
先信他

368
00:12:41,761 --> 00:12:43,892
先信他一定会走到那一步

369
00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:46,132
先信他有那个潜力

370
00:12:46,560 --> 00:12:47,972
先对他鞠一个躬

371
00:12:48,824 --> 00:12:49,695
在那些年里

372
00:12:49,983 --> 00:12:51,915
常不轻没有讲过一次经

373
00:12:52,383 --> 00:12:53,874
没有传过一次法

374
00:12:54,304 --> 00:12:55,382
他唯一做的

375
00:12:55,383 --> 00:12:57,295
就是用行动告诉每一个人

376
00:12:57,783 --> 00:12:58,955
我看见你了

377
00:12:59,143 --> 00:13:03,075
我看见你内心深处那个你自己还没看见的东西了

378
00:13:03,383 --> 00:13:06,395
你不需要先证明自己配得上被看见

379
00:13:06,783 --> 00:13:07,535
你被看见

380
00:13:07,824 --> 00:13:09,474
不是因为你做了什么

381
00:13:09,503 --> 00:13:11,754
而是因为你本来就有那个东西

382
00:13:12,584 --> 00:13:15,435
常不轻看见的不是你现在的样子

383
00:13:15,663 --> 00:13:17,986
他看见的是你最终的样子

384
00:13:18,416 --> 00:13:19,167
药草喻说

385
00:13:19,495 --> 00:13:20,206
同一场雨

386
00:13:20,495 --> 00:13:22,067
万物各得其润

387
00:13:22,456 --> 00:13:23,167
常不轻说

388
00:13:23,456 --> 00:13:24,826
我来做那场雨

389
00:13:25,216 --> 00:13:27,027
你有没有遇到过这样一个人

390
00:13:27,336 --> 00:13:29,226
你自己还不信自己的时候

391
00:13:29,296 --> 00:13:30,466
他先信了你

392
00:13:30,696 --> 00:13:32,307
你觉得自己不行的时候

393
00:13:32,416 --> 00:13:34,147
他从来没觉得你不行

394
00:13:34,495 --> 00:13:36,947
你甚至不知道他为什么那么相信你

395
00:13:37,096 --> 00:13:39,215
因为当时你给出的所有证据

396
00:13:39,216 --> 00:13:41,466
都指向你不值得被相信

397
00:13:41,735 --> 00:13:43,106
但后来你回头看

398
00:13:43,176 --> 00:13:44,855
你能变成今天的样子

399
00:13:44,855 --> 00:13:47,187
不是因为某一天突然开了窍

400
00:13:47,416 --> 00:13:49,014
而是因为很久以前

401
00:13:49,015 --> 00:13:51,307
有人在你心里种了一颗种子

402
00:13:51,975 --> 00:13:54,575
那颗种子扛过了你的自我怀疑

403
00:13:54,576 --> 00:13:56,067
扛过了你的否定

404
00:13:56,135 --> 00:13:58,187
扛过了你所有的不准备好

405
00:13:58,696 --> 00:14:00,826
它一直安安静静在那里等

406
00:14:01,096 --> 00:14:01,887
等到有一天

407
00:14:02,296 --> 00:14:03,374
条件到了

408
00:14:03,375 --> 00:14:04,826
它自己就发了芽

409
00:14:05,705 --> 00:14:08,397
法华经 用两个比喻讲了同一件事

410
00:14:08,746 --> 00:14:09,757
雨会下的

411
00:14:10,105 --> 00:14:11,556
种子会发芽的

412
00:14:11,866 --> 00:14:13,017
你唯一需要做的

413
00:14:13,546 --> 00:14:14,836
就是先相信

414
00:14:15,482 --> 00:14:17,172
不是相信某个宗教

415
00:14:17,281 --> 00:14:18,973
不是相信某个大师

416
00:14:19,161 --> 00:14:21,812
是相信你眼前这个普普通通的人

417
00:14:21,882 --> 00:14:24,093
有一天也会走到那个地方

418
00:14:24,321 --> 00:14:26,012
然后像常不轻一样

419
00:14:26,041 --> 00:14:27,812
在他还不信自己的时候

420
00:14:27,921 --> 00:14:29,253
先给他鞠一个躬

421
00:14:29,722 --> 00:14:30,353
我是王利杰

422
00:14:30,602 --> 00:14:31,622
我们下期见