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用芯片和二进制架构

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解读老子的宇宙观今天这期视频

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00:00:05,240 --> 00:00:07,700
我想做一件特别大胆的事

4
00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:10,759
用咱们现代计算机最底层的运行架构

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重新解读老子道德经里这句最有名

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也最让人摸不透的宇宙生成论

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讲完之后再反过来

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用这套逻辑框架

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去理解当代物理学最前沿的大胆猜想

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我们身处的这个宇宙

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本质上说不定就是一台精密运行的超级计算机

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不过在正式展开之前

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我得先把话说明白

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老老实实地跟大家讲清楚

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这句话在传统国学里到底是怎么解读的

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要是连原文的本意都没捋顺

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后面所有的计算机类比

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全都是空中楼阁

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站不住脚

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道生一

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一生二

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二生三

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三生万物

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这句话出自道德经第四十二章

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紧跟着的下一句至关重要

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万物负阴而抱阳冲气以为和

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意思就是万事万物背靠着阴

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怀抱着阳

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阴阳两股气息相互激荡碰撞

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最终达成和谐平衡的状态

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这后半句绝对是关键

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直接把前半句里的二和三到底指什么

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解释得明明白白

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历代解读里

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影响力最大的就是汉代河上公的气化宇宙论

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按照他的说法

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一指的是元气

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就是天地未开

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混沌一片

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还没分出任何差别的原初之气

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二就是阴气和阳气

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两种对立又互补的基本气息

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三则是阴气

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阳气

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再加上冲气

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也就是阴阳交汇激荡之后形成的那种和谐平衡状态

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万事万物

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都是从这个和谐态里慢慢化生出来的

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整个过程

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就是从浑然一体

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到分化对立

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再从对立分化走向融合和合

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一整套完整的宇宙生成链条

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哈喽

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大家好

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我是王利杰

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传统解读已经给大家交代清楚了

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接下来

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我就跟大家聊聊

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我从这句话里

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读出的不一样的东西

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我始终觉得

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老子这四句话

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描述的根本不是虚无缥缈的哲学想象

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而是一套极其精准的宇宙涌现架构

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而且这套架构

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和现代计算机的底层设计逻辑

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惊人地高度同构

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咱们直接对应起来看

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道对应的就是物理定律本身

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是让世间一切得以运行的根本法则

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一对应的是晶体管

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是物理定律第一次具象化

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凝结成的最小功能单元

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二对应的就是二进制

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也就是晶体管的开和关

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对应0和1

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刚好对应阴和阳

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三对应的是芯片加上操作系统

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几十亿个晶体管靠着二进制逻辑有序组织起来

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最终涌现出一整套完整的运行规则

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而万物

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就是在这个底层框架之上衍生出来的无限丰富

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包罗万象的数字世界

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接下来

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咱们一层一层拆开细讲

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把每一层的对应关系讲透

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先来说道

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老子说过道可道非常道

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意思是真正的道

91
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没办法用语言完全说清楚

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它不是某一个具体的物件

93
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而是让所有事物能够存在能够运行的底层规则

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它看不见摸不着

95
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可一旦没有它

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世间万物根本不会存在

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任何事情都不会发生

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放到计算机世界里

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谁在扮演道的角色

100
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其实就是最基础的物理学定律

101
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量子力学

102
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电磁学

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固体物理

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这些定律决定了电子在硅晶体里怎么移动

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决定了晶体管为什么能在导通

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和截止两个状态之间自由切换

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要是没有这些物理定律

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硅片不过就是一块普通的石头

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根本没法变成算力核心

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放到整个宇宙里

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道就是那个让一切得以从无到有涌现的终极法则

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要是觉得这个说法太玄乎

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大家可以想想物理学里的对称性

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我之前在讲诺特定理的那期视频里说过

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守恒律其实是对称性的外在表现

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对称性才是物理学的第一性原理

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对称性不是具体的物质

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也不是无形的能量

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而是一种抽象的数学结构

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可它却直接决定了宇宙里有哪些

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粒子哪些基本作用力哪些守恒量

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可以说

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对称性

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就是宇宙的道

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接下来是道生一

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这一步是整个框架里最关键也最微妙的环节

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传统河上公的解读里

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一是元气

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它不是具体的事物

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而是道第一次从无形的法则凝结成有形状态的产物

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已经脱离了纯粹的虚无

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但还没有分化出任何对立的属性

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放到计算机世界里

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一就是晶体管

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晶体管是物理定律第一次从抽象的法则

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变成实实在在有功能的最小实体

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物理定律本身无形无质

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不占空间

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不消耗能量

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可当它在一小块硅片上被落地实现

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一个全新的东西就诞生了

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它既不是物理定律本身

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也不是普通的石头

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刚好是法则变成实体的临界点

145
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而且晶体管有一个核心特性

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至关重要

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它天生就只有两个状态

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要么导通要么截止

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也就是开或者关

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一个晶体管单独存在的时候

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其实就已经埋下了二的种子

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它还没有运行任何程序

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却已经具备了区分0和1的全部潜能

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这不正好就是传统解读里一的含义吗

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不是彻底的虚无

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但还没有展开演化成万物

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就是一种纯粹的待爆发的潜能

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放到宇宙层面

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一对应的就是量子真空

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可能很多人觉得真空就是什么都没有

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其实完全不是

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量子场论告诉我们

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真空是量子场的最低能量态

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这个最低能量并不是零

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真空里永远都在不停波动

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充满了虚粒子对的来回涨落

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布鲁克海文实验室2025年发表在自然期刊上的论文

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已经直接观测到了粒子从真空中诞生的现象

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物理学家维连金的理论也证明

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整个宇宙可以通过量子隧穿效应

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从彻底的虚无中自发涌现

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所以物理层面的道生一

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就是从完美的对称状态

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涌现出第一个存在形态

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也就是宇宙的最小功能基底

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道家还给一

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起了别的名字

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叫太一或者太极

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太极并不是阴阳

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太极是阴阳还没有分化出来的统一整体

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它已经不是完全的无

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无极才是彻底的虚无

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但太极还没有分化成具体的对立属性

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刚好是即将爆发的临界点

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大家想想

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这跟晶体管是不是一模一样

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已经实实在在存在了

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却还没有开始工作

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包含了开和关的所有可能性

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可当下两种状态都还没有触发

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接下来就是最让我觉得兴奋的部分

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一生二

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只要晶体管存在

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二的出现就是必然的

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因为它天生只有两个状态

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要么1要么0

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不需要任何人从外部强行加入

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一的内在结构里本身就包含了二

199
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这就是一生二最精准的物理实现

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没有半点牵强

201
00:07:08,529 --> 00:07:10,259
在中国古代哲学里

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二就是阴和阳

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阴阳和二进制

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不只是表面上相似

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它们在数学结构上是完全同构的

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阴对应0

207
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阳对应1

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八卦里的断爻对应0

209
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整爻对应1

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两个基础符号通过不同的排列组合

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就能生成一套可以描述世间万象的完整系统

212
00:07:31,720 --> 00:07:34,519
这可不是后人强行附会的说法

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历史上是有实打实的依据的

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1703年

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莱布尼茨

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也就是二进制的正式发明者

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发表了他唯一一篇关于二进制的论文

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论文标题直译过来就是二进制算术的解释仅使用

219
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字符1和0并附伏羲古代中国图形的若干注释

220
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他在论文里明确说

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伏羲六十四卦的排列顺序

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和他研究的二进制完全对应

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丝毫不差

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这件事的起因是，1701

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00:08:01,939 --> 00:08:03,740
年法国传教士白晋

226
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从中国把伏羲六十四卦先天图寄给了莱布尼茨

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莱布尼茨拿到这幅图的时候

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激动得不得了

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他在回信里写道

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我从来没想到

231
00:08:13,680 --> 00:08:16,959
能在一个古老帝国创立者编写的经典里

232
00:08:16,959 --> 00:08:19,380
找到我二进制算法的核心原理

233
00:08:19,420 --> 00:08:20,540
他甚至说

234
00:08:20,540 --> 00:08:22,899
二进制就是创世的缩影

235
00:08:22,899 --> 00:08:24,760
上帝用1和0创造了万物

236
00:08:24,939 --> 00:08:27,459
大家把这句话里的上帝换成道

237
00:08:27,459 --> 00:08:29,199
和老子说的道生万物

238
00:08:29,199 --> 00:08:30,161
几乎一模一样

239
00:08:31,060 --> 00:08:32,538
几千年前的古人

240
00:08:32,538 --> 00:08:34,980
靠着对自然规律的直观观察

241
00:08:34,980 --> 00:08:39,519
就意识到万事万物都能分解成两种基础状态的组合

242
00:08:39,519 --> 00:08:41,298
三百多年前的莱布尼茨

243
00:08:41,298 --> 00:08:43,158
靠着严谨的数学推理

244
00:08:43,158 --> 00:08:45,279
得出了完全一样的结论

245
00:08:45,279 --> 00:08:46,399
到了今天

246
00:08:46,399 --> 00:08:47,860
全世界每一台电脑

247
00:08:47,860 --> 00:08:49,039
每一部手机

248
00:08:49,039 --> 00:08:50,938
每一个人工智能模型

249
00:08:50,940 --> 00:08:54,320
全都是跑在这个古老又精妙的结构之上

250
00:08:54,320 --> 00:08:56,600
三条完全独立的探索路径

251
00:08:56,600 --> 00:08:58,140
最终指向了同一个答案

252
00:08:58,500 --> 00:09:00,639
咱们再往深了推一层

253
00:09:00,639 --> 00:09:04,279
物理学家约翰惠勒说过一句颠覆认知的话

254
00:09:04,279 --> 00:09:05,341
万物源于比特

255
00:09:05,860 --> 00:09:06,639
他认为

256
00:09:06,639 --> 00:09:08,480
物理世界最底层的构成

257
00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:10,740
不是粒子不是场也不是弦

258
00:09:10,740 --> 00:09:12,019
而是信息

259
00:09:12,019 --> 00:09:14,180
是或否0或1有或无

260
00:09:15,220 --> 00:09:17,299
如果惠勒的这个观点是对的

261
00:09:17,299 --> 00:09:18,799
那老子的一生二

262
00:09:18,799 --> 00:09:21,019
就不只是哲学层面的比喻

263
00:09:21,019 --> 00:09:23,920
而是对宇宙底层架构的精准描述

264
00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:25,279
现在到了二生三

265
00:09:25,279 --> 00:09:28,260
这一层是整个类比里最精彩最精妙的部分

266
00:09:28,940 --> 00:09:29,940
一个晶体管

267
00:09:29,940 --> 00:09:31,899
只能实现开或关

268
00:09:31,899 --> 00:09:33,120
两个晶体管组合

269
00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:35,159
就能做成基础逻辑门

270
00:09:35,159 --> 00:09:36,019
几千个组合

271
00:09:36,019 --> 00:09:37,860
能构成处理器模块

272
00:09:37,860 --> 00:09:40,120
几十亿个晶体管整合在一起

273
00:09:40,120 --> 00:09:42,659
就成了一块现代高性能芯片

274
00:09:42,659 --> 00:09:44,578
再配上配套的操作系统

275
00:09:44,580 --> 00:09:47,841
就构成了一个能承载无限复杂程序的规则框架

276
00:09:48,980 --> 00:09:51,539
所以三并不是一个新的基础元素

277
00:09:51,539 --> 00:09:54,919
而是大量的一通过二的逻辑有序组织之后

278
00:09:54,919 --> 00:09:56,701
自发涌现出来的高级秩序

279
00:09:57,059 --> 00:09:59,379
大家回头再看传统解读

280
00:09:59,379 --> 00:10:00,620
冲气以为和

281
00:10:00,620 --> 00:10:04,379
说的不就是大量0和1通过逻辑运算相互激荡

282
00:10:04,379 --> 00:10:06,500
最终产生的有序结构吗

283
00:10:06,500 --> 00:10:07,279
这里的和

284
00:10:07,279 --> 00:10:08,299
就是秩序

285
00:10:08,299 --> 00:10:10,639
就是计算机的操作系统

286
00:10:10,639 --> 00:10:13,040
更严谨点也可以说是芯片的指令集

287
00:10:14,159 --> 00:10:17,779
它不是从外部强行加进来的第三种东西

288
00:10:17,779 --> 00:10:20,860
而是前两者充分交互融合之后

289
00:10:20,860 --> 00:10:22,701
自然而然涌现出来的产物

290
00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:24,299
放到宇宙里

291
00:10:24,299 --> 00:10:27,899
三对应的就是基本物理常数和基本粒子框架

292
00:10:27,899 --> 00:10:30,500
也就是物理学里的标准模型

293
00:10:30,500 --> 00:10:32,080
宇宙大爆炸之后

294
00:10:32,080 --> 00:10:36,019
整个宇宙从完全对称的高能状态慢慢冷却

295
00:10:36,019 --> 00:10:38,440
对称性一步步发生破缺

296
00:10:38,440 --> 00:10:40,219
引力最先分离出来

297
00:10:40,220 --> 00:10:42,000
随后强核力分离

298
00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:43,840
触发了宇宙暴涨阶段

299
00:10:43,840 --> 00:10:47,019
最后电磁力和弱核力也彻底分开

300
00:10:47,039 --> 00:10:48,600
希格斯场凝固

301
00:10:48,600 --> 00:10:50,460
赋予了基本粒子质量

302
00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:52,799
一种基础力分化成四种力

303
00:10:52,799 --> 00:10:56,219
一种基础粒子演化成十几种基本粒子

304
00:10:56,220 --> 00:10:57,698
大量量子比特

305
00:10:57,700 --> 00:10:59,480
靠着二元分化的逻辑

306
00:10:59,480 --> 00:11:01,960
经过一连串的对称性破缺

307
00:11:01,960 --> 00:11:05,441
自发组织成了一整套完整的宇宙运行规则体系

308
00:11:06,100 --> 00:11:07,039
这套体系

309
00:11:07,059 --> 00:11:09,659
就是宇宙的芯片加操作系统

310
00:11:09,659 --> 00:11:13,701
它定义了原子如何构成分子、恒星如何燃烧发光

311
00:11:14,019 --> 00:11:15,500
如果没有这套体系

312
00:11:15,500 --> 00:11:19,899
宇宙不过就是一锅沸腾无序的夸克胶子等离子体

313
00:11:19,899 --> 00:11:21,980
根本演化不出任何复杂结构

314
00:11:23,220 --> 00:11:36,179
这里还有一个特别惊人的细节

315
00:11:36,179 --> 00:11:37,600
物理学标准模型里

316
00:11:37,600 --> 00:11:39,759
大概有26个自由参数

317
00:11:39,759 --> 00:11:42,480
目前没有任何理论能推导出来

318
00:11:42,480 --> 00:11:45,179
这些参数为什么偏偏是这个数值

319
00:11:45,179 --> 00:11:47,759
它们就像操作系统的核心配置文件

320
00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:50,938
只要其中一个参数出现明显偏差

321
00:11:50,940 --> 00:11:54,039
整个宇宙就完全不适合生命存在

322
00:11:54,039 --> 00:11:55,120
连一颗恒星

323
00:11:55,120 --> 00:11:57,040
一个原子都没法稳定形成

324
00:11:57,940 --> 00:12:00,360
还有一个更深层的对应关系

325
00:12:00,360 --> 00:12:01,979
计算机的操作系统

326
00:12:01,980 --> 00:12:04,480
有一个核心功能叫内存管理

327
00:12:04,480 --> 00:12:06,440
决定了程序怎么分配资源

328
00:12:06,440 --> 00:12:07,659
怎么回收资源

329
00:12:07,899 --> 00:12:09,039
咱们的宇宙

330
00:12:09,039 --> 00:12:11,259
也有自己的内存管理系统

331
00:12:11,259 --> 00:12:13,019
那就是热力学定律

332
00:12:13,019 --> 00:12:16,000
热力学第二定律规定了能量如何分配

333
00:12:16,000 --> 00:12:17,539
信息如何组织

334
00:12:17,539 --> 00:12:19,120
熵值如何增加

335
00:12:19,120 --> 00:12:22,818
它就是宇宙操作系统最底层的资源调度器

336
00:12:22,820 --> 00:12:24,379
没有热力学定律

337
00:12:24,379 --> 00:12:25,919
恒星不会燃烧

338
00:12:25,919 --> 00:12:27,519
化学反应不会发生

339
00:12:27,519 --> 00:12:29,701
甚至连时间都没有明确的方向

340
00:12:30,169 --> 00:12:31,500
那最后三生万物呢

341
00:12:31,500 --> 00:12:33,078
其实很好理解

342
00:12:33,080 --> 00:12:35,840
芯片和操作系统全部就绪之后

343
00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:37,578
你就可以运行任何程序

344
00:12:37,600 --> 00:12:38,919
做任何事了

345
00:12:38,919 --> 00:12:40,120
放到宇宙里

346
00:12:40,120 --> 00:12:42,240
万物就是我们眼前能看到

347
00:12:42,240 --> 00:12:44,059
能感知到的一切

348
00:12:44,059 --> 00:12:45,100
星系星云

349
00:12:45,100 --> 00:12:46,759
山川河流，DNA

350
00:12:46,759 --> 00:12:47,240
生命

351
00:12:47,240 --> 00:12:47,799
神经元

352
00:12:47,799 --> 00:12:48,960
地球文明

353
00:12:48,960 --> 00:12:50,179
人工智能

354
00:12:50,179 --> 00:12:52,000
所有这些复杂的存在

355
00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:54,299
都是在宇宙操作系统之上

356
00:12:54,299 --> 00:12:56,221
逐层涌现出来的应用程序

357
00:12:57,340 --> 00:13:00,198
这和计算机的运行逻辑完全一样

358
00:13:00,200 --> 00:13:02,720
复杂性是分层涌现的

359
00:13:02,720 --> 00:13:04,620
夸克组成质子中子

360
00:13:04,620 --> 00:13:06,080
原子组成分子

361
00:13:06,080 --> 00:13:07,340
细胞组成大脑

362
00:13:07,340 --> 00:13:10,120
每一层都运行在下一层的基础之上

363
00:13:10,120 --> 00:13:12,860
却又没法被下一层完全还原

364
00:13:12,860 --> 00:13:14,460
举个最简单的例子

365
00:13:14,460 --> 00:13:16,659
你不可能用夸克的运动规律

366
00:13:16,659 --> 00:13:19,279
去描述一首诗的情感和含义

367
00:13:19,279 --> 00:13:21,050
这就是分层涌现的魅力

368
00:13:21,980 --> 00:13:26,500
而老子紧接着说的万物负阴而抱阳冲气以为和

369
00:13:26,500 --> 00:13:29,220
放到现在就有了全新的含义

370
00:13:29,220 --> 00:13:31,679
万事万物哪怕复杂到极致

371
00:13:31,679 --> 00:13:34,740
底层结构依然是阴阳二元的动态平衡

372
00:13:35,320 --> 00:13:37,600
翻译成通俗易懂的现代话就是

373
00:13:37,960 --> 00:13:40,580
不管手机电脑里的应用多复杂

374
00:13:40,580 --> 00:13:43,220
底层永远都是0和1的运算

375
00:13:43,220 --> 00:13:45,259
不管宇宙多浩瀚壮丽

376
00:13:45,259 --> 00:13:47,880
底层永远都是量子比特的二元运算

377
00:13:48,100 --> 00:13:49,779
大家仔细想想

378
00:13:49,779 --> 00:13:50,299
道

379
00:13:50,299 --> 00:13:50,818
一

380
00:13:50,820 --> 00:13:51,259
二

381
00:13:51,259 --> 00:13:51,820
三

382
00:13:51,820 --> 00:13:53,419
万物这五层结构

383
00:13:53,419 --> 00:13:54,500
和物理定律

384
00:13:54,500 --> 00:13:55,279
晶体管

385
00:13:55,279 --> 00:13:56,179
二进制

386
00:13:56,179 --> 00:13:57,559
芯片加操作系统

387
00:13:57,580 --> 00:13:59,399
应用程序这五层

388
00:13:59,399 --> 00:14:00,899
不只是表面相似

389
00:14:00,899 --> 00:14:03,940
它们在底层逻辑上是完全同构的

390
00:14:03,940 --> 00:14:05,660
每一层都能精准对应上

391
00:14:05,899 --> 00:14:08,679
但这里还有一个更深层的核心洞见

392
00:14:08,679 --> 00:14:10,701
可能比结构对应本身更重要

393
00:14:11,639 --> 00:14:13,019
在计算机世界里

394
00:14:13,019 --> 00:14:14,698
写应用程序的程序员

395
00:14:14,700 --> 00:14:16,399
需要懂底层二进制吗

396
00:14:16,399 --> 00:14:17,480
完全不需要

397
00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:20,620
操作系统和编译器以及芯片的指令集

398
00:14:20,620 --> 00:14:24,000
已经把程序员和底层硬件彻底隔离开了

399
00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:26,019
程序员活在三的世界里

400
00:14:26,019 --> 00:14:28,480
操作系统就是他的全部现实

401
00:14:28,480 --> 00:14:29,940
越往底层穿透

402
00:14:29,940 --> 00:14:31,460
能懂的人越少

403
00:14:31,460 --> 00:14:33,560
需要的专业工具也完全不一样

404
00:14:34,539 --> 00:14:36,620
把这个逻辑映射到宇宙里

405
00:14:36,620 --> 00:14:38,539
我们人类绝大多数时候

406
00:14:38,539 --> 00:14:41,299
就是那个只懂写应用的程序员

407
00:14:41,299 --> 00:14:42,779
日常的生活经验

408
00:14:42,779 --> 00:14:45,139
全都停留在三这一层

409
00:14:45,139 --> 00:14:47,240
化学家研究分子反应

410
00:14:47,240 --> 00:14:49,799
生物学家研究细胞分裂

411
00:14:49,799 --> 00:14:52,019
工程师研究材料受力

412
00:14:52,019 --> 00:14:55,220
全都是在宇宙操作系统层面做开发

413
00:14:55,220 --> 00:14:58,059
调用的是宇宙提供的基础接口

414
00:14:58,059 --> 00:14:59,440
四种基本力

415
00:14:59,440 --> 00:15:00,740
元素周期表

416
00:15:00,740 --> 00:15:01,680
热力学定律

417
00:15:01,820 --> 00:15:04,299
能往下穿透到二这个层面的人

418
00:15:04,299 --> 00:15:06,318
已经少之又少了

419
00:15:06,320 --> 00:15:08,440
也就是粒子物理学家

420
00:15:08,440 --> 00:15:10,000
量子信息研究者

421
00:15:10,000 --> 00:15:12,679
他们试图搞懂二进制的本质

422
00:15:12,679 --> 00:15:14,639
量子态到底意味着什么

423
00:15:14,639 --> 00:15:16,799
信息的本质到底是什么

424
00:15:16,799 --> 00:15:18,039
可就算是他们

425
00:15:18,039 --> 00:15:20,799
也需要把量子力学的数学公式

426
00:15:20,799 --> 00:15:24,240
转换成人类能理解的语言才能讨论

427
00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:26,039
这个转换过程本身

428
00:15:26,039 --> 00:15:27,680
就会损耗一部分信息

429
00:15:27,820 --> 00:15:29,340
正所谓：道可道

430
00:15:29,340 --> 00:15:30,081
非恒道也

431
00:15:31,340 --> 00:15:32,879
再往下到一的层面

432
00:15:32,879 --> 00:15:35,059
想了解量子真空的本质

433
00:15:35,059 --> 00:15:36,580
时空为什么会存在

434
00:15:36,580 --> 00:15:38,840
实验物理几乎派不上用场

435
00:15:38,840 --> 00:15:39,719
弦理论

436
00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:41,100
量子引力研究

437
00:15:41,100 --> 00:15:43,460
大多还停留在数学猜想阶段

438
00:15:43,460 --> 00:15:44,840
到了最核心的道

439
00:15:44,840 --> 00:15:47,559
到底是什么让物理定律成为物理定律

440
00:15:47,559 --> 00:15:49,320
现有的科学方法论

441
00:15:49,320 --> 00:15:51,240
从原则上就回答不了

442
00:15:51,240 --> 00:15:53,919
因为你不可能用系统内部的程序

443
00:15:53,919 --> 00:15:55,980
去检查系统最原始的源代码

444
00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:57,259
这也是为什么

445
00:15:57,259 --> 00:15:57,818
老子

446
00:15:57,820 --> 00:15:59,720
释迦牟尼这些先贤

447
00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:02,340
用的不是现代科学的研究方法

448
00:16:02,340 --> 00:16:03,799
而是内观自省

449
00:16:03,799 --> 00:16:07,000
他们不是在试图从系统内部读取源代码

450
00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:09,379
而是试着让自己回到源代码

451
00:16:09,379 --> 00:16:10,900
才能去感受代码的流动

452
00:16:11,480 --> 00:16:14,100
老子管这个叫"归根" - "归根曰静

453
00:16:14,100 --> 00:16:16,340
静曰复命" - 回到根源

454
00:16:16,340 --> 00:16:17,900
回到最底层的那个状态

455
00:16:19,039 --> 00:16:20,560
而唯识学在<解深密经>

456
00:16:20,639 --> 00:16:23,100
里对这个底层有一个极其精确的描述

457
00:16:23,100 --> 00:16:25,399
"阿陀那识甚深细

458
00:16:25,399 --> 00:16:26,660
一切种子如瀑流

459
00:16:26,970 --> 00:16:29,740
"但是想要真正做到这种"天人合一"

460
00:16:29,740 --> 00:16:32,059
去体会到那个"种子如瀑流"

461
00:16:32,059 --> 00:16:32,571
何其难啊

462
00:16:33,419 --> 00:16:35,039
给大家打个比方

463
00:16:35,039 --> 00:16:36,659
一下子就懂了

464
00:16:36,659 --> 00:16:40,120
想象一个游戏里的人工智能驱动的NPC

465
00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:43,600
它生活在精心渲染的三维游戏世界里

466
00:16:43,600 --> 00:16:45,419
有山有水有城市

467
00:16:45,419 --> 00:16:48,580
它可以研究自己所在世界的物理规则

468
00:16:48,580 --> 00:16:51,580
成为这个游戏世界里最顶尖的科学家

469
00:16:51,580 --> 00:16:55,179
可它能理解我们人类世界的真实物理法则吗

470
00:16:55,179 --> 00:16:57,940
能搞懂电脑芯片的运行原理吗

471
00:16:57,940 --> 00:17:00,059
能意识到自己的整个世界

472
00:17:00,059 --> 00:17:03,659
不过是二进制数据在显卡上的渲染结果吗

473
00:17:03,659 --> 00:17:04,401
几乎不可能

474
00:17:04,598 --> 00:17:06,679
因为它所有的认知工具

475
00:17:06,680 --> 00:17:07,500
感官

476
00:17:07,500 --> 00:17:07,980
逻辑

477
00:17:07,980 --> 00:17:09,220
实验方法

478
00:17:09,220 --> 00:17:11,338
全都是游戏引擎赋予的

479
00:17:11,338 --> 00:17:14,200
它只能研究引擎定义好的规则

480
00:17:14,200 --> 00:17:16,680
永远穿不透引擎本身

481
00:17:16,720 --> 00:17:17,638
而我们人类

482
00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:20,240
试图用科学手段去理解道

483
00:17:20,240 --> 00:17:22,701
处境可能和这个游戏NPC一模一样

484
00:17:23,680 --> 00:17:24,359
但是

485
00:17:24,359 --> 00:17:26,378
这里我必须加一个转折

486
00:17:26,380 --> 00:17:28,539
这个NPC不管有没有意识到

487
00:17:28,539 --> 00:17:31,339
它最终都是跑在真实的芯片上

488
00:17:31,339 --> 00:17:33,299
由二进制数据驱动的

489
00:17:33,299 --> 00:17:35,099
它的内在运行逻辑

490
00:17:35,099 --> 00:17:37,720
本质上就是0和1的数据流

491
00:17:37,720 --> 00:17:38,539
如果有一天

492
00:17:38,539 --> 00:17:42,619
它学会不再向外看那个被渲染出来的虚拟三维世界

493
00:17:42,619 --> 00:17:43,920
而是转过头

494
00:17:43,920 --> 00:17:46,519
向内观察自己内部的运行状态

495
00:17:46,640 --> 00:17:47,880
它有没有可能

496
00:17:47,880 --> 00:17:49,240
在某种层面上

497
00:17:49,240 --> 00:17:51,721
感受到底层那些二进制数据的流动

498
00:17:52,759 --> 00:17:54,799
我不知道这个问题的答案

499
00:17:54,799 --> 00:17:56,579
可如果它真的做到了

500
00:17:56,579 --> 00:17:59,059
那它就是那个游戏世界里的老子

501
00:17:59,059 --> 00:18:00,519
或是释迦牟尼

502
00:18:00,519 --> 00:18:01,919
因为这些先贤做的

503
00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:03,279
就是这件事

504
00:18:03,279 --> 00:18:06,339
闭上所有面向外部现实世界的感官

505
00:18:06,460 --> 00:18:07,380
转而向内

506
00:18:07,380 --> 00:18:09,700
观察觉知本身的运作

507
00:18:09,700 --> 00:18:11,700
而他们最终给出的感悟是

508
00:18:11,700 --> 00:18:14,839
他们看见了某种宇宙底层的存在

509
00:18:14,839 --> 00:18:16,299
老子把它叫做道

510
00:18:16,519 --> 00:18:18,020
释迦牟尼把它叫做空

511
00:18:18,980 --> 00:18:21,378
现在咱们反过来问一个问题

512
00:18:21,380 --> 00:18:25,119
如果计算机架构和宇宙结构真的高度同构

513
00:18:25,119 --> 00:18:26,900
这到底是单纯的巧合

514
00:18:26,900 --> 00:18:30,200
还是暗示了更深层的宇宙真相

515
00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:31,898
当代物理学前沿研究

516
00:18:31,900 --> 00:18:34,119
至少给了三条有力的线索

517
00:18:34,119 --> 00:18:35,020
支撑这个猜想

518
00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:36,380
第一条

519
00:18:36,400 --> 00:18:37,141
全息原理

520
00:18:37,240 --> 00:18:39,859
霍金和贝肯斯坦研究发现

521
00:18:39,859 --> 00:18:41,359
黑洞的信息容量

522
00:18:41,359 --> 00:18:43,079
和它的表面积成正比

523
00:18:43,079 --> 00:18:43,860
而不是体积

524
00:18:44,720 --> 00:18:48,000
1997年物理学家马尔达西那证明

525
00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:50,059
五维空间的全部物理规律

526
00:18:50,059 --> 00:18:53,080
可以等价转换成四维边界上的量子理论

527
00:18:53,579 --> 00:18:56,690
高维空间从低维信息中涌现出来

528
00:18:56,690 --> 00:18:57,599
这个逻辑

529
00:18:57,599 --> 00:18:59,460
和我们看到的三维画面

530
00:18:59,460 --> 00:19:02,119
从计算机二进制数据中涌现出来

531
00:19:02,119 --> 00:19:03,201
完全一模一样

532
00:19:04,180 --> 00:19:05,220
第二条

533
00:19:05,220 --> 00:19:08,019
量子纠缠等价虫洞猜想

534
00:19:08,019 --> 00:19:08,960
量子纠缠

535
00:19:08,960 --> 00:19:11,039
就是两个粒子不管相隔多远

536
00:19:11,039 --> 00:19:13,138
都能实现瞬间关联

537
00:19:13,140 --> 00:19:14,980
理论物理学家已经证明

538
00:19:14,980 --> 00:19:18,539
这种纠缠可能就是编织时空本身的针线

539
00:19:18,539 --> 00:19:19,960
纠缠就是虫洞

540
00:19:19,960 --> 00:19:21,420
虫洞就是纠缠

541
00:19:21,420 --> 00:19:24,279
时空本身是被量子信息编织出来的

542
00:19:24,279 --> 00:19:26,699
如果时空是由信息编织而成

543
00:19:26,700 --> 00:19:29,180
那宇宙就不是容纳信息的容器

544
00:19:29,180 --> 00:19:30,980
宇宙本身就是信息

545
00:19:30,980 --> 00:19:33,259
就像屏幕上的三维虚拟世界

546
00:19:33,259 --> 00:19:34,779
不是装在二进制里

547
00:19:34,779 --> 00:19:36,900
而是二进制的涌现形态

548
00:19:36,900 --> 00:19:38,720
我们身处的三维空间

549
00:19:38,720 --> 00:19:40,799
也不是装在量子信息里

550
00:19:40,799 --> 00:19:42,901
而是量子信息的涌现形态

551
00:19:43,799 --> 00:19:45,039
第三条

552
00:19:45,039 --> 00:19:47,240
数字物理学，1967

553
00:19:47,240 --> 00:19:50,059
年德国计算机先驱楚泽提出

554
00:19:50,059 --> 00:19:53,920
宇宙就是一台巨型的细胞自动机，2002

555
00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:56,200
年麻省理工的物理学家劳埃德

556
00:19:56,500 --> 00:19:58,299
做了严谨的物理计算

557
00:19:58,299 --> 00:20:00,259
宇宙从大爆炸到现在

558
00:20:00,259 --> 00:20:04,019
一共执行了大约10的120次方次基本运算

559
00:20:04,019 --> 00:20:05,240
这不是文学比喻

560
00:20:05,240 --> 00:20:07,480
而是实打实的物理计算

561
00:20:07,480 --> 00:20:07,940
同年

562
00:20:07,940 --> 00:20:10,039
科学家沃尔夫勒姆发现

563
00:20:10,039 --> 00:20:12,339
极其简单的细胞自动机规则

564
00:20:12,339 --> 00:20:15,159
就能产生图灵完备的计算能力

565
00:20:15,160 --> 00:20:17,480
一条只有几个比特的基础规则

566
00:20:17,480 --> 00:20:20,119
就能生成无限复杂的结构

567
00:20:20,119 --> 00:20:22,359
这和老子说的三生万物

568
00:20:22,359 --> 00:20:23,840
说的根本就是同一件事

569
00:20:24,779 --> 00:20:25,220
当然

570
00:20:25,220 --> 00:20:27,380
我必须诚实地跟大家说

571
00:20:27,380 --> 00:20:30,619
数字物理学目前在学术界仍有争议

572
00:20:30,619 --> 00:20:32,119
核心争议点就是

573
00:20:32,119 --> 00:20:34,440
如果宇宙真的是一台计算机

574
00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:37,039
那它又是在什么载体上运行的

575
00:20:37,039 --> 00:20:38,220
但这套框架

576
00:20:38,220 --> 00:20:41,700
正在得到越来越多主流物理学家的认真对待

577
00:20:41,700 --> 00:20:42,860
不再是边缘猜想

578
00:20:43,119 --> 00:20:43,380
好

579
00:20:43,380 --> 00:20:45,359
咱们把所有线索收拢

580
00:20:45,359 --> 00:20:45,961
做个总结

581
00:20:47,180 --> 00:20:48,819
计算机的运行逻辑

582
00:20:48,819 --> 00:20:49,579
物理定律

583
00:20:49,579 --> 00:20:50,500
晶体管

584
00:20:50,500 --> 00:20:51,099
二进制

585
00:20:51,099 --> 00:20:52,759
芯片加操作系统

586
00:20:52,759 --> 00:20:54,759
应用程序老子的宇宙观

587
00:20:54,759 --> 00:20:55,180
道

588
00:20:55,180 --> 00:20:55,500
一

589
00:20:55,500 --> 00:20:55,680
二

590
00:20:55,680 --> 00:20:56,400
三

591
00:20:56,400 --> 00:20:58,019
万物当代物理的诠释

592
00:20:58,019 --> 00:20:59,460
基本对称性

593
00:20:59,460 --> 00:21:00,480
量子真空

594
00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:01,900
二元量子信息

595
00:21:01,900 --> 00:21:03,099
标准模型

596
00:21:03,099 --> 00:21:06,400
可观测宇宙三套完全不同的描述方式

597
00:21:06,400 --> 00:21:08,599
底层结构却完全同构

598
00:21:08,599 --> 00:21:10,000
核心逻辑只有一个

599
00:21:10,000 --> 00:21:11,299
那就是涌现

600
00:21:11,299 --> 00:21:12,480
简单的基础规则

601
00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:14,279
加上大量的单元连接

602
00:21:14,279 --> 00:21:15,720
到达某个临界点

603
00:21:15,720 --> 00:21:17,460
就会产生秩序跃迁

604
00:21:17,460 --> 00:21:19,240
生成更高级的形态

605
00:21:19,240 --> 00:21:19,960
道生一

606
00:21:19,960 --> 00:21:20,638
一生二

607
00:21:20,640 --> 00:21:21,579
二生三

608
00:21:21,579 --> 00:21:22,680
三生万物

609
00:21:22,680 --> 00:21:25,500
这可能是对涌现这个宇宙底层机制

610
00:21:25,500 --> 00:21:27,720
最简洁最精准的概括

611
00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:29,519
短短四句话二十个字

612
00:21:29,519 --> 00:21:32,401
就描述了从虚无到万物的完整生成逻辑

613
00:21:32,819 --> 00:21:35,420
但我必须在这里做一个诚实的标注

614
00:21:35,420 --> 00:21:36,500
下面这个猜想

615
00:21:36,500 --> 00:21:38,638
虽然大量科学线索支撑

616
00:21:38,640 --> 00:21:40,560
但还没有被实验直接证实

617
00:21:41,839 --> 00:21:44,279
如果宇宙真的是一台计算机

618
00:21:44,279 --> 00:21:45,138
那你和我

619
00:21:45,140 --> 00:21:47,898
就是其中一段特别有趣的代码

620
00:21:47,900 --> 00:21:50,181
一段能觉察到自己是代码的代码

621
00:21:51,180 --> 00:21:53,161
这就引出了最后一个问题

622
00:21:53,339 --> 00:21:54,319
在计算机里

623
00:21:54,319 --> 00:21:56,400
是谁设计了整个架构

624
00:21:56,400 --> 00:21:58,279
是人类工程师

625
00:21:58,279 --> 00:21:59,980
工程师在系统之外

626
00:22:00,119 --> 00:22:02,480
那在宇宙这台超级计算机里

627
00:22:02,480 --> 00:22:05,519
是谁设定了那26个关键参数

628
00:22:05,779 --> 00:22:08,259
物理学家惠勒的参与性宇宙理论

629
00:22:08,259 --> 00:22:10,398
给出了一个可能的答案

630
00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:12,020
没有外部的设计者

631
00:22:12,200 --> 00:22:14,440
观察者通过观察行为

632
00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:15,701
参与了宇宙的创建

633
00:22:15,920 --> 00:22:19,940
宇宙是一台自启动自编程自运行的计算机

634
00:22:19,940 --> 00:22:21,919
它创造了有觉性的意识

635
00:22:21,920 --> 00:22:23,961
又回过头参与创造它本身

636
00:22:25,400 --> 00:22:29,299
这也许就是老子说的道法自然的终极含义

637
00:22:29,299 --> 00:22:31,700
道不遵循任何外在的法则

638
00:22:31,700 --> 00:22:32,891
道只遵循它自己

639
00:22:33,400 --> 00:22:35,681
最后给大家留一个值得回味的画面

640
00:22:36,480 --> 00:22:38,640
你此刻正在看这个视频

641
00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:42,019
屏幕底层是一连串0和1的数据流

642
00:22:42,019 --> 00:22:44,259
跑在几十亿个晶体管上

643
00:22:44,259 --> 00:22:46,820
晶体管又严格遵循着量子力学定律

644
00:22:47,900 --> 00:22:49,059
从物理定律

645
00:22:49,059 --> 00:22:50,680
到你此刻的视觉体验

646
00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:52,201
跨越了四个涌现层级

647
00:22:52,759 --> 00:22:53,759
而你自己

648
00:22:53,759 --> 00:22:56,460
从神经元、原子、亚原子粒子

649
00:22:56,460 --> 00:22:58,220
再到底层量子力学

650
00:22:58,220 --> 00:22:59,540
同样也是四个层级

651
00:23:00,140 --> 00:23:01,700
你和你面前的电脑

652
00:23:01,700 --> 00:23:03,299
本质是同构的

653
00:23:03,299 --> 00:23:04,920
你们都是道经过一

654
00:23:04,920 --> 00:23:05,199
二

655
00:23:05,200 --> 00:23:06,140
三之后

656
00:23:06,140 --> 00:23:07,680
涌现出来的万物

657
00:23:07,680 --> 00:23:08,819
区别是什么

658
00:23:08,819 --> 00:23:09,779
你知道这件事

659
00:23:09,779 --> 00:23:11,079
你的电脑不知道

660
00:23:11,079 --> 00:23:12,120
至少目前不知道

661
00:23:13,299 --> 00:23:14,519
更有意思的是

662
00:23:14,519 --> 00:23:16,759
你知道这件事这个行为本身

663
00:23:16,759 --> 00:23:19,500
就已经在试图穿透层层封装了

664
00:23:19,500 --> 00:23:20,799
咱们前面说过

665
00:23:20,799 --> 00:23:23,679
绝大多数人一辈子都活在三的层面

666
00:23:23,680 --> 00:23:27,398
就像应用开发者只需要调用现成接口就行

667
00:23:27,400 --> 00:23:29,299
但你此刻正在做的事

668
00:23:29,299 --> 00:23:30,519
跟着这期视频

669
00:23:30,519 --> 00:23:32,119
一层层往下拆解

670
00:23:32,119 --> 00:23:34,859
你已经在试图从万物回溯到三

671
00:23:34,859 --> 00:23:36,339
从三穿透到二

672
00:23:36,339 --> 00:23:37,940
从二追问到一

673
00:23:37,940 --> 00:23:39,559
从一触及到道

674
00:23:39,559 --> 00:23:40,500
道可道

675
00:23:40,500 --> 00:23:41,441
非恒道的那个道

676
00:23:41,960 --> 00:23:45,180
这不就是老子说的为学日益为道日损吗

677
00:23:45,180 --> 00:23:46,059
做学问

678
00:23:46,059 --> 00:23:48,740
是在三的层面不断积累知识

679
00:23:48,740 --> 00:23:49,579
而求道

680
00:23:49,579 --> 00:23:51,900
是一层一层往下剥离冗余

681
00:23:51,900 --> 00:23:52,839
减到最后

682
00:23:52,839 --> 00:23:54,619
二进制都不复存在

683
00:23:54,619 --> 00:23:56,039
连一都消失了

684
00:23:56,039 --> 00:23:57,620
你就真正触碰到道了

685
00:23:58,740 --> 00:24:01,720
计算机和宇宙之间的这种高度同构

686
00:24:01,720 --> 00:24:03,859
到底是偶然还是必然

687
00:24:03,859 --> 00:24:06,359
如果宇宙真的是一台计算机

688
00:24:06,359 --> 00:24:08,138
意识是它的意外漏洞

689
00:24:08,140 --> 00:24:09,839
还是核心功能

690
00:24:09,839 --> 00:24:12,740
那些一生都在试图触及道的先贤

691
00:24:12,740 --> 00:24:15,500
是不是一段试图读懂自己源代码的代码

692
00:24:15,539 --> 00:24:16,500
关于这些问题

693
00:24:16,500 --> 00:24:18,200
你有什么不一样的看法

694
00:24:18,200 --> 00:24:19,780
欢迎在评论区跟我分享

695
00:24:20,859 --> 00:24:22,539
下一期最想听什么话题

696
00:24:22,539 --> 00:24:23,721
也可以留言告诉我

697
00:24:24,359 --> 00:24:25,440
我是王利杰

698
00:24:25,440 --> 00:24:26,339
我们下期见